Development and Field Implementation of a Distributed Soil Moisture Sensor Using Heated Fiber Optics PDF Download

Author: Arlen M. Striegl
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 240

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Author: Marco Aurelio Dos Santos Bernardes
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 9533075694
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 704

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Book Description
This book comprises heat transfer fundamental concepts and modes (specifically conduction, convection and radiation), bioheat, entransy theory development, micro heat transfer, high temperature applications, turbulent shear flows, mass transfer, heat pipes, design optimization, medical therapies, fiber-optics, heat transfer in surfactant solutions, landmine detection, heat exchangers, radiant floor, packed bed thermal storage systems, inverse space marching method, heat transfer in short slot ducts, freezing an drying mechanisms, variable property effects in heat transfer, heat transfer in electronics and process industries, fission-track thermochronology, combustion, heat transfer in liquid metal flows, human comfort in underground mining, heat transfer on electrical discharge machining and mixing convection. The experimental and theoretical investigations, assessment and enhancement techniques illustrated here aspire to be useful for many researchers, scientists, engineers and graduate students.

Author: Lucas Matthew Williamson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic books
Languages : en
Pages : 342

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There currently exists a gap in the field scale measurement of many soil properties. Particularly, efficient measurement of soil moisture over the field scale at depths below the top few centimeters of the soil column has proven elusive. Distributed temperature sensing (DTS) allows for the nearly continuous measurement of temperature over both a spatial and temporal scale by use of standard fiber optic cables. Measurement of temperature progression throughout a soil column can lead to estimates of bulk soil thermal properties. Theoretically, these estimated thermal properties used in conjunction with determined soil characteristics can then provide soil moisture estimates. At an experimental field site in Smith Valley, three fiber optic cables were installed into the shallow subsurface in a vertical profile at depths of 5, 10, and 15 centimeters. Cables were placed within plots of various crop types and varying irrigation schedules. The effect of both surface crop type and irrigation on subsurface soil temperature is analyzed and presented. Through inversion of the conduction equation, spatial and temporal results of thermal diffusivity across the field are assessed. Thermal response of the soil changes in accordance with wetting due to irrigation, as well as subsequent drying up of the soil.In terms of soil moisture, it continues to be difficult to accurately provide quantitative estimates, although drier soils provide much better estimates than do wet soils. Soil moisture estimates were in general agreement with observed values, but prior knowledge of the general wetness of the soil is necessary to improve the estimate. In a non-irrigated plot of tef ( eragrostis tef ), observed volumetric moisture values from the top 5 centimeters of soil ranged from 0.02 m3 /m3 to 0.18 m3 /m3 , while the estimated soil moisture contents integrated over a depth of 5 to 15 centimeters stayed fairly consistent around 0.12 m3 /m3 throughout the 25-day period. The effects of irrigation and cloudy conditions were clearly discernible, as were the relative differences between those plots receiving significant irrigation and those that remained drier throughout the study. The use of DTS in such an application can provide highly detailed pictures of temporally changing soil temperature, but progression to soil moisture estimation still remains challenging due to the non-uniqueness of the relation between soil thermal diffusivity and soil moisture content.

Author:
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128151803
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 308

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Advances in Agronomy continues to be recognized as a leading reference and first-rate source for the latest research in agronomy. Each volume contains an eclectic group of reviews by leading scientists throughout the world. As always, the subjects covered are rich, varied, and exemplary of the abundant subject matter addressed by this long-running serial. - Includes numerous, timely, state-of-the-art reviews on the latest advancements in agronomy - Features distinguished, well recognized authors from around the world - Builds upon this venerable and iconic review series - Covers the extensive variety and breadth of subject matter in the crop and soil sciences

Author: Arthur H. Hartog
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1351645307
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 651

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This book explains physical principles, unique benefits, broad categories, implementation aspects, and performance criteria of distributed optical fiber sensors (DOFS). For each kind of sensor, the book highlights industrial applications, which range from oil and gas production to power line monitoring, plant and process engineering, environmental monitoring, industrial fire and leakage detection, and so on. The text also includes a discussion of such key areas as backscattering, launched power limitations, and receiver sensitivity, as well as a concise historical account of the field’s development.

Author: Stefan Krause
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119489660
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 437

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Ecohydrological Interfaces Comprehensive overview of the process dynamics and interactions governing ecohydrological interfaces Summarizing the interdisciplinary investigation of ecohydrological interface functioning, Ecohydrological Interfaces advances the understanding of their dynamics across traditional subject boundaries. It offers a detailed explanation of the underlying mechanisms and process interactions governing ecohydrological interface functioning from the micro scale to the ecosystem and regional scale. The multidisciplinary team of authors integrates and synthesises the current understanding of process dynamics at different ecohydrological interfaces to develop a unifying concept of their ecosystem functions. The work introduces novel experimental and model-based methods for characterizing and quantifying ecohydrological interface processes, taking account of innovative sensing and tracing technologies as well as microbial and molecular biology approaches. Key questions addressed in the book include: Which conditions stimulate the transformative nature of ecohydrological interfaces? How are ecohydrological interfaces organized in space and time? How does interface activity propagate from small to large scales? How do ecohydrological interfaces react to environmental change and what is their role in processes of significant societal value? As a research level text on the functionality and performance of ecohydrological interfaces, Ecohydrological Interfaces is primarily aimed at academics and postgraduate researchers. It is also appropriate for university libraries as further reading on a range of geographical, environmental, biological, and engineering topics.

Author: Pan Ming Huang
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1439803048
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 2249

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An evolving, living organic/inorganic covering, soil is in dynamic equilibrium with the atmosphere above, the biosphere within, and the geology below. It acts as an anchor for roots, a purveyor of water and nutrients, a residence for a vast community of microorganisms and animals, a sanitizer of the environment, and a source of raw materials for co

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 704

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Author: Banshi Dhar Gupta
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1498789072
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 251

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The field of plasmonics has shown extraordinary capabilities in realizing highly sensitive and accurate sensors for environmental monitoring and measurement of biological analytes. The inherent potential of such devices has led to growing interest worldwide in commercial fiber optic chemical and biosensors. Optical Sensors for Biomedical Diagnostics and Environmental Monitoring is an essential resource for students, established researchers, and industry developers in need of a reference work on both the fundamentals and latest advances in optical fiber sensor technology in biomedical diagnostics and environmental monitoring. The book includes rigorous theory and experimental techniques of surface plasmon and lossy mode resonances, as well as real-time sensing applications of resonance techniques implemented over optical fiber substrate using bulk layer and/or nanostructures as transducer and sensing layers. In addition, discussion of various design options for real-time sensors in environmental monitoring and biomedical diagnostics make the book approachable to readers from multidisciplinary fields.

Author: Aisha B. Fields
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Optical fiber detectors
Languages : en
Pages : 106

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