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Author: Ebongué Mbondji Publisher: ISBN: Category : Maternal health services Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
In 2000, United Nations member states committed in the fifth Millennium Development Goal (MDG 5) to improve maternal health in order to combat poverty. Despite this strong commitment, the number of maternal deaths is still high in Sub-Saharan Africa. Monitoring indicators shows that Cameroon will not reach the 2015 s target for MDG 5. The Demography Health Surveys conducted in Cameroon show an increasing maternal mortality since 1998 while several studies show that most of the maternal deaths are preventable and occur at peripheral level. In view of the age-old problem of limited clinical capacities at the peripheral level, the optimal and effective use of public health evidence to develop strong and efficient local reproductive/maternal health strategic plans, appears as a supplementary option to address maternal health issues. The overall goal of this research was to develop a tool that will enable district managers to strengthen maternal health planning and practices in their district. We examined the barriers limiting the planning process at district level and we explored the opportunities to improve it. Methodology: A cross sectional, descriptive and process based research analysis was conducted through a literature review followed by interviews of stakeholders. A tool was then developed based on analysing the results from the interviews. The tool was reviewed during a national workshop by the relevant stakeholders involved in the policy and planning process in Cameroon, and tested by two district teams before its finalization. Findings The research revealed that the subject of maternal health is covered as a component of the reproductive health policy, which was developed with contributions from all the key stakeholders identified by the Ministry of Health. However, some limitations in the process tend to narrow the scope of the policy; the peripheral level had little involvement in the process and there was no national strategic and implementation plan; which explains the failure of the implementation of the policy by the peripheral level. Prioritization at the peripheral level is likely to be mostly influenced by the availability of funds. The planning at peripheral level is done by a district team, with very little support from the higher level or the local partners. Outcome The tool was developed in the form of an integrated matrix of priority activities, introducing the concept of Package of Priority Activities (PPA), and designed as a dynamic cross-table. The whole idea was to identify priority activities for each national health programme in a cross table, and see which under-resourced priority activity can be covered by similar or overlapping resourced programme s priority activity. The tool was tested by districts before its finalization. Conclusion The tool is designed to enable implementation of priority maternal health interventions. The tool should also contribute to improving the effectiveness of the integrated primary healthcare system, which is the ideal way to go in order to reduce the burden of maternal mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Author: Ebongué Mbondji Publisher: ISBN: Category : Maternal health services Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
In 2000, United Nations member states committed in the fifth Millennium Development Goal (MDG 5) to improve maternal health in order to combat poverty. Despite this strong commitment, the number of maternal deaths is still high in Sub-Saharan Africa. Monitoring indicators shows that Cameroon will not reach the 2015 s target for MDG 5. The Demography Health Surveys conducted in Cameroon show an increasing maternal mortality since 1998 while several studies show that most of the maternal deaths are preventable and occur at peripheral level. In view of the age-old problem of limited clinical capacities at the peripheral level, the optimal and effective use of public health evidence to develop strong and efficient local reproductive/maternal health strategic plans, appears as a supplementary option to address maternal health issues. The overall goal of this research was to develop a tool that will enable district managers to strengthen maternal health planning and practices in their district. We examined the barriers limiting the planning process at district level and we explored the opportunities to improve it. Methodology: A cross sectional, descriptive and process based research analysis was conducted through a literature review followed by interviews of stakeholders. A tool was then developed based on analysing the results from the interviews. The tool was reviewed during a national workshop by the relevant stakeholders involved in the policy and planning process in Cameroon, and tested by two district teams before its finalization. Findings The research revealed that the subject of maternal health is covered as a component of the reproductive health policy, which was developed with contributions from all the key stakeholders identified by the Ministry of Health. However, some limitations in the process tend to narrow the scope of the policy; the peripheral level had little involvement in the process and there was no national strategic and implementation plan; which explains the failure of the implementation of the policy by the peripheral level. Prioritization at the peripheral level is likely to be mostly influenced by the availability of funds. The planning at peripheral level is done by a district team, with very little support from the higher level or the local partners. Outcome The tool was developed in the form of an integrated matrix of priority activities, introducing the concept of Package of Priority Activities (PPA), and designed as a dynamic cross-table. The whole idea was to identify priority activities for each national health programme in a cross table, and see which under-resourced priority activity can be covered by similar or overlapping resourced programme s priority activity. The tool was tested by districts before its finalization. Conclusion The tool is designed to enable implementation of priority maternal health interventions. The tool should also contribute to improving the effectiveness of the integrated primary healthcare system, which is the ideal way to go in order to reduce the burden of maternal mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Author: World Health Organization Publisher: World Health Organization ISBN: 9241548630 Category : Health & Fitness Languages : en Pages : 123
Book Description
"The Handbook on health inequality monitoring: with a special focus on low- and middle-income countries is a resource that enables countries to do just that. It presents a comprehensive yet clear overview of health inequality monitoring in a user-friendly manner. The handbook succeeds in giving those involved in health inequality monitoring an appreciation of the complexities of the process, as well as building the practical knowledge and skills for systematic monitoring of health inequalities in low- and middle-income countries. The use of the handbook will enable countries to better monitor and evaluate their progress and performance with a high degree of accountability and transparency, and allow them to use the results to formulate evidenced-based policies, programmes and practices to tackle inequalities in an effective manner."--Publisher's description.
Author: World Health Organization Publisher: World Health Organization ISBN: 9241563176 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 237
Book Description
The 2006 World Health Report focuses on the chronic shortages of doctors, midwives, nurses and other health care support workers in the poorest countries of the world where they are most needed. This is particularly true in sub-Saharan Africa, which has only four in every hundred global health workers but has a quarter of the global burden of disease, and less than one per cent of the world's financial resources. Poor working conditions, high rates of attrition due to illness and migration, and education systems that are unable to pick up the slack reflect the depth of the challenges in these crisis countries. This report considers the challenges involved and sets out a 10-year action plan designed to tackle the crisis over the next ten years, by which countries can strengthen their health system by building their health workforces and institutional capacity with the support of global partners.
Author: Dean T. Jamison Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: 0821361805 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 1449
Book Description
Based on careful analysis of burden of disease and the costs ofinterventions, this second edition of 'Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries, 2nd edition' highlights achievable priorities; measures progresstoward providing efficient, equitable care; promotes cost-effectiveinterventions to targeted populations; and encourages integrated effortsto optimize health. Nearly 500 experts - scientists, epidemiologists, health economists,academicians, and public health practitioners - from around the worldcontributed to the data sources and methodologies, and identifiedchallenges and priorities, resulting in this integrated, comprehensivereference volume on the state of health in developing countries.
Author: Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: 0821362615 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 242
Book Description
"This companion guide to Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries, 2nd edition speeds the diffusion of life-saving knowledge by distilling the contents of the larger volume into an easily read format. Policy makers, practitioners, academics, and other interested readers will get an overview of the messages and analysis in Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries, 2nd edition; be alerted to the scope of major diseases; learn strategies to improve policies and choices to implement cost-effective interventions; and locate chapters of immediate interest."
Author: UNICEF. Publisher: UNICEF ISBN: 9280643185 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 168
Book Description
Having a child remains one of the biggest health risks for women worldwide. Fifteen hundred women die every day while giving birth. That's a half a million mothers every year. UNICEF's flagship publication, The State of the World's Children 2009, addresses maternal mortality, one of the most intractable problems for development work.The difference in pregnancy risk between women in developing countries and their peers in the industrialised world is often termed the greatest health divide in the world. A woman in Niger has a one in seven chance of dying during the course of her lifetime from complications during pregnancy or delivery. That's in stark contrast to the risk for mothers in America, where it's one in 4,800 or in Ireland, where it's just one in 48,000. Addressing that gap is a multidisciplinary challenge, requiring an emphasis on education, human resources, community involvement and social equality. At a minimum, women must be guaranteed antenatal care, skilled birth attendants and emergency obstetrics, and postpartum care. These essential interventions will only be guaranteed within the context of improved education and the abolition of discrimination.
Author: United Nations Publications Publisher: ISBN: 9789211483239 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 22
Book Description
This booklet is based on the Estimates and Projections of Family Planning Indicators 2019, which includes estimates at the global, regional and country level of contraceptive prevalence, unmet need for family planning and SDG indicator 3.7.1 "Proportion of women who have their need for family planning satisfied by modern methods".
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309477891 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 399
Book Description
In 2015, building on the advances of the Millennium Development Goals, the United Nations adopted Sustainable Development Goals that include an explicit commitment to achieve universal health coverage by 2030. However, enormous gaps remain between what is achievable in human health and where global health stands today, and progress has been both incomplete and unevenly distributed. In order to meet this goal, a deliberate and comprehensive effort is needed to improve the quality of health care services globally. Crossing the Global Quality Chasm: Improving Health Care Worldwide focuses on one particular shortfall in health care affecting global populations: defects in the quality of care. This study reviews the available evidence on the quality of care worldwide and makes recommendations to improve health care quality globally while expanding access to preventive and therapeutic services, with a focus in low-resource areas. Crossing the Global Quality Chasm emphasizes the organization and delivery of safe and effective care at the patient/provider interface. This study explores issues of access to services and commodities, effectiveness, safety, efficiency, and equity. Focusing on front line service delivery that can directly impact health outcomes for individuals and populations, this book will be an essential guide for key stakeholders, governments, donors, health systems, and others involved in health care.
Author: World Health Organization Staff Publisher: ISBN: 9789241561990 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 270
Book Description
This book provides a practical guide to the design and implementation of health information systems in developing countries. Noting that most existing systems fail to deliver timely, reliable, and relevant information, the book responds to the urgent need to restructure systems and make them work as both a resource for routine decisions and a powerful tool for improving health services. With this need in mind, the authors draw on their extensive personal experiences to map out strategies, pinpoint common pitfalls, and guide readers through a host of conceptual and technical options. Information needs at all levels - from patient care to management of the national health system - are considered in this comprehensive guide. Recommended lines of action are specific to conditions seen in government-managed health systems in the developing world. In view of common constraints on time and resources, the book concentrates on strategies that do not require large resources, highly trained staff, or complex equipment. Throughout the book, case studies and numerous practical examples are used to explore problems and illustrate solutions. Details range from a list of weaknesses that plague most existing systems, through advice on when to introduce computers and how to choose appropriate software and hardware, to the hotly debated question of whether patient records should be kept by the patient or filed at the health unit. The book has fourteen chapters presented in four parts. Chapters in the first part, on information for decision-making, explain the potential role of health information as a managerial tool, consider the reasons why this potential is rarely realized, and propose general approaches for reform which have proved successful in several developing countries. Presentation of a six-step procedure for restructuring information systems, closely linked to an organizational model of health services, is followed by a practical discussion of the decision-making process. Reasons for the failure of most health information to influence decisions are also critically assessed. Against this background, the second and most extensive part provides a step-by-step guide to the restructuring of information systems aimed at improving the quality and relevance of data and ensuring their better use in planning and management. Steps covered include the identification of information needs and indicators, assessment of the existing system, and the collection of both routine and non-routine data using recommended procedures and instruments. Chapters also offer advice on procedures for data transmission and processing, and discuss the requirements of systems designed to collect population-based community information. Resource needs and technical tools are addressed in part three. A comprehensive overview of the resource base - from staff and training to the purchase and maintenance of equipment - is followed by chapters offering advice on the introduction of computerized systems in developing countries, and explaining the many applications of geographic information systems. Practical advice on how to restructure a health information system is provided in the final part, which considers how different interest groups can influence the design and implementation of a new system, and proposes various design options for overcoming specific problems. Experiences from several developing countries are used to illustrate strategies and designs in terms of those almost certain to fail and those that have the greatest chances of success
Author: Ebongué Mbondji
Author: Ebongué Mbondji
Author: World Health Organization
Author: World Health Organization
Author: Dean T. Jamison
Author: 
Author: UNICEF.
Author: United Nations Publications
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Author: World Health Organization Staff
Author: World Health Organization