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Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
In 2003 scientists at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and the University of California at Berkeley undertook a collaborative effort. The goal of this collaboration is to develop a concept for an active neutron interrogation system that can detect small masses of contraband fissile material in intermodal cargo containers--roughly five kg of highly-enriched-uranium or one kg of plutonium--even when well shielded by thick cargo. It is essential that implementation of the concept be reliable and has low false-positive and false-negative error rates. Interrogation must also be rapid to avoid interruption of commerce; analysis must be completed in minutes. This document summarizes that effort to date and was drawn, with the exception of minor editing, from the summary in Ref. 1.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
In 2003 scientists at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and the University of California at Berkeley undertook a collaborative effort. The goal of this collaboration is to develop a concept for an active neutron interrogation system that can detect small masses of contraband fissile material in intermodal cargo containers--roughly five kg of highly-enriched-uranium or one kg of plutonium--even when well shielded by thick cargo. It is essential that implementation of the concept be reliable and has low false-positive and false-negative error rates. Interrogation must also be rapid to avoid interruption of commerce; analysis must be completed in minutes. This document summarizes that effort to date and was drawn, with the exception of minor editing, from the summary in Ref. 1.
Author: J. Hall Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 15
Book Description
LLNL is actively engaged in the development of a variety of advanced technologies for use in detecting potential threats in sea-going cargo containers, particularly the presence of hidden special nuclear materials (SNM). One such project is the so-called ''Nuclear Car Wash'' (NCW), which uses a high-energy neutron probe to scan the container. High-energy, {beta}-delayed {gamma}-rays emitted during the decay of short-lived, neutron-induced fission products are then taken as a signature of fissionable material. There are a number of different threat decision metrics that one could imagine using in conjunction with an inspection system such as the NCW; however, the most straightforward approach might be to simply compare the total number of counts that our detector records during some suitably chosen time interval to the average background signal that one would expect from a ''clean'' container during the same interval. The purpose of this report is to describe the basic statistical properties of a decision metric of this sort and outline the procedures for using it in experimental practice.
Author: Jonathan Medalia Publisher: DIANE Publishing ISBN: 1437921930 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 112
Book Description
(1) How Does Detection Work?; Current Detection Technol.; (2) Advanced Technol.: Nanocomposite Scintillators; GADRAS: Gamma-Ray Spectrum Analysis Application Using Multiple Algorithms; Computer Modeling to Evaluate Detection Capability; L-3 CAARS: Low-Risk Dual-Energy Radiography System; SAIC CAARS: Higher-Risk, Higher-Benefit Dual-Energy Radiography System; AS&E CAARS: Using Backscattered X-Rays to Detect Dense Material; Muon Tomography; Analyzing a Nuclear Weapon with Nuclear Resonance Fluorescence; Detecting SNM at a Distance; (3) Signatures of Plutonium, Highly Enriched Uranium, and Nuclear Weapons; Detecting Signatures of a Nuclear Weapon or SNM; Evasion of Detection Technol. Illus.
Author: United States. Department of Homeland Security. Office of Inspector General Publisher: ISBN: Category : Containers Languages : en Pages : 18
Book Description
Section 809(g) of the Coast Guard and Maritime Transportation Act of 2004 (Public Law 108-293) requires the Office of Inspector General to submit an annual report on its evaluation of the current cargo inspection targeting system for international intermodal cargo containers. Customs and Border Protection is responsible for operation of the targeting system and conducting cargo container examinations. This review addresses the tools, information, and guidance that the U.S. Customs and Border Protection officers use to examine high-risk containers that potentially contain biological and chemical weapons. U.S. Customs and Border Protection has taken steps to mitigate the threat of nuclear and radiological weapons in maritime cargo containers, but could do more to mitigate the threats posed by biological and chemical weapons. Customs and Border Protection officials said that new devices are currently being developed and tested that could help officers rapidly detect and identify biological and chemical threats during cargo inspections. However, Customs and Border Protection has not conducted a formal risk assessment to determine which pathways, including maritime cargo, pose the highest risk of biological and chemical weapons entering the Nation. Conducting a formal risk assessment of the various pathways would help ensure that Customs and Border Protection allocates its detection technology development resources to threat pathways that pose the highest risk to national security.
Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Terrorism, Technology, and Homeland Security Publisher: ISBN: Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 100
Author: Gene Aloise Publisher: DIANE Publishing ISBN: 1437918433 Category : Languages : en Pages : 19
Book Description
The Domestic Nuclear Detection Office (DNDO) is responsible for addressing the threat of nuclear smuggling. Radiation detection portal monitors are key elements in the nation's defenses against such threats. DNDO has sponsored testing to develop new monitors, known as advanced spectroscopic portal (ASP) monitors, to replace radiation detection equipment now being used. ASPs offer improvements over current portal monitors, particularly the potential to identify as well as detect radioactive material and thereby to reduce both the risk of missed threats and the rate of innocent alarms. This testimony addresses: (1) findings on DNDO's latest round of ASP testing; and (2) lessons from ASP testing that can be applied to other technology invest.
Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Homeland Security. Subcommittee on the Prevention of Nuclear and Biological Attack Publisher: ISBN: Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 108
Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Homeland Security. Subcommittee on Emerging Threats, Cybersecurity, and Science and Technology Publisher: ISBN: Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 64
Author: 
Author: 
Author: J. Hall
Author: Jonathan Medalia
Author: United States. Department of Homeland Security. Office of Inspector General
Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Terrorism, Technology, and Homeland Security
Author: 
Author: Gene Aloise
Author: 
Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Homeland Security. Subcommittee on the Prevention of Nuclear and Biological Attack
Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Homeland Security. Subcommittee on Emerging Threats, Cybersecurity, and Science and Technology