Author: Radmila Milacic
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0323853056
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 452
Book Description
Analysis and Characterisation of Metal-Based Nanomaterials, Volume 93 in the Comprehensive Analytical Chemistry series, introduces recent developments in analytical methodologies for detection, characterization and quantification of metal-based nanomaterials and their applications to a variety of complex environmental, biological and food samples as well as different consumer products. Single-particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry is highlighted as a powerful analytical tool for number-based concentration and size distribution, also from the metrological viewpoint. An emerging approach for the measurement of multi-metal nanoparticles by single-particle inductively coupled plasma time-of-flight mass spectrometry is discussed. Imaging of metal-based nanoparticles by hyphenated inductively coupled plasma-based techniques is also introduced. The potential of different liquid chromatography and field flow fractionation separation techniques hyphenated to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry is emphasized as a powerful tool in particular for complex matrices and small particles sizes. The use of different microscopic techniques for the characterization of metal-based nanoparticles and characterization of metal-based nanoparticles as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging are presented. Moreover, occurrence, behaviour and fate of inorganic nanoparticles in the environment is overviewed. Finally, the need for quality control standards and reference nano-materials is emphasized throughout. Presents recent developments in analytical methodologies based on mass spectrometry, light scattering and microscopic techniques for detection, characterization and quantification of metal-based nanomaterials Describes applications of the nanoparticle analysis in a variety of complex environmental, biological and food samples as well as different consumer products Provides the metrological aspects for the analysis of metal-based nanoparticles when using emerging techniques such as single-particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
Analysis and Characterisation of Metal-Based Nanomaterials
Author: Radmila Milacic
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0323853056
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 452
Book Description
Analysis and Characterisation of Metal-Based Nanomaterials, Volume 93 in the Comprehensive Analytical Chemistry series, introduces recent developments in analytical methodologies for detection, characterization and quantification of metal-based nanomaterials and their applications to a variety of complex environmental, biological and food samples as well as different consumer products. Single-particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry is highlighted as a powerful analytical tool for number-based concentration and size distribution, also from the metrological viewpoint. An emerging approach for the measurement of multi-metal nanoparticles by single-particle inductively coupled plasma time-of-flight mass spectrometry is discussed. Imaging of metal-based nanoparticles by hyphenated inductively coupled plasma-based techniques is also introduced. The potential of different liquid chromatography and field flow fractionation separation techniques hyphenated to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry is emphasized as a powerful tool in particular for complex matrices and small particles sizes. The use of different microscopic techniques for the characterization of metal-based nanoparticles and characterization of metal-based nanoparticles as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging are presented. Moreover, occurrence, behaviour and fate of inorganic nanoparticles in the environment is overviewed. Finally, the need for quality control standards and reference nano-materials is emphasized throughout. Presents recent developments in analytical methodologies based on mass spectrometry, light scattering and microscopic techniques for detection, characterization and quantification of metal-based nanomaterials Describes applications of the nanoparticle analysis in a variety of complex environmental, biological and food samples as well as different consumer products Provides the metrological aspects for the analysis of metal-based nanoparticles when using emerging techniques such as single-particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0323853056
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 452
Book Description
Analysis and Characterisation of Metal-Based Nanomaterials, Volume 93 in the Comprehensive Analytical Chemistry series, introduces recent developments in analytical methodologies for detection, characterization and quantification of metal-based nanomaterials and their applications to a variety of complex environmental, biological and food samples as well as different consumer products. Single-particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry is highlighted as a powerful analytical tool for number-based concentration and size distribution, also from the metrological viewpoint. An emerging approach for the measurement of multi-metal nanoparticles by single-particle inductively coupled plasma time-of-flight mass spectrometry is discussed. Imaging of metal-based nanoparticles by hyphenated inductively coupled plasma-based techniques is also introduced. The potential of different liquid chromatography and field flow fractionation separation techniques hyphenated to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry is emphasized as a powerful tool in particular for complex matrices and small particles sizes. The use of different microscopic techniques for the characterization of metal-based nanoparticles and characterization of metal-based nanoparticles as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging are presented. Moreover, occurrence, behaviour and fate of inorganic nanoparticles in the environment is overviewed. Finally, the need for quality control standards and reference nano-materials is emphasized throughout. Presents recent developments in analytical methodologies based on mass spectrometry, light scattering and microscopic techniques for detection, characterization and quantification of metal-based nanomaterials Describes applications of the nanoparticle analysis in a variety of complex environmental, biological and food samples as well as different consumer products Provides the metrological aspects for the analysis of metal-based nanoparticles when using emerging techniques such as single-particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
Analysis and Risk of Nanomaterials in Environmental and Food Samples
Author: Damia Barcelo
Publisher: Newnes
ISBN: 0444563288
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 382
Book Description
The application of nanotechnology in different consumer products has delivered new products with highly desirable properties, but at same time has opened a new window for a wide group of emerging contaminants and a new type of human exposure which needs to be assessed. Most of the current human toxicological information on nanomaterials comes from nano-sized particles in air, and their effects via inhalation. Other routes of human exposure, such as water and food, and the effects on human health and the environment have been less studied. It is the recent research in these areas that is highlighted here in one of the first books covering the analysis and ecotoxicological evaluation of nanomaterials in food and the environment, with both matrices being of considerable interest. In addition to providing a global summary of recent research, this book shows how widely used chromatographic and spectroscopic methods can be added to the analytical arsenal of microscopic techniques that have commonly been used to characterize nanomaterials. Describes the analytical techniques used to characterize nanomaterials and their applications in environmental or food samples Includes analysis and ecotoxicological evaluation of nanomaterials in food and environmental matrices Takes a detailed look at the research on emerging fields of human exposure to nanomaterials and their environmental risks
Publisher: Newnes
ISBN: 0444563288
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 382
Book Description
The application of nanotechnology in different consumer products has delivered new products with highly desirable properties, but at same time has opened a new window for a wide group of emerging contaminants and a new type of human exposure which needs to be assessed. Most of the current human toxicological information on nanomaterials comes from nano-sized particles in air, and their effects via inhalation. Other routes of human exposure, such as water and food, and the effects on human health and the environment have been less studied. It is the recent research in these areas that is highlighted here in one of the first books covering the analysis and ecotoxicological evaluation of nanomaterials in food and the environment, with both matrices being of considerable interest. In addition to providing a global summary of recent research, this book shows how widely used chromatographic and spectroscopic methods can be added to the analytical arsenal of microscopic techniques that have commonly been used to characterize nanomaterials. Describes the analytical techniques used to characterize nanomaterials and their applications in environmental or food samples Includes analysis and ecotoxicological evaluation of nanomaterials in food and environmental matrices Takes a detailed look at the research on emerging fields of human exposure to nanomaterials and their environmental risks
Microbial Nanobionics
Author: Ram Prasad
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3030165345
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 296
Book Description
Microbial Nanobionics: Volume 2, Basic Research Applications continues the important discussion of microbial nanoparticle synthesis with a focus on the mechanistic approach of biosynthesis towards nanobionics. This volume also explores the toxicity of nanomaterials in microbes and their effect on human health and the environment. Special Emphasis is given to the use of polymeric nanomaterials in smart packing for the food industry and agricultural sector. The future of nanomaterials for detection of soil microbes and their interactions and tools for environmental remedies is also comprehensively covered. The rich biodiversity of microbes make them excellent candidates for potential nanoparticle synthesis biofactories. Through a better understanding of the biochemical and molecular mechanisms of the microbial biosynthesis of metal nanoparticles, the rate of synthesis can be better developed and the monodispersity of the product can be enhanced. The characteristics of nanoparticles can be controlled via optimization of important parameters, such as temperature, pH, concentration and pressure, which regulate microbe growth conditions and cellular and enzymatic activities. Large scale microbial synthesis of nanoparticles is a sustainable method due to the non-hazardous, non-toxic and economical nature of these processes. The applications of microbial synthesis of nanoparticles are wide and varied, spanning the industrial, biomedical and environmental fields. Biomedical applications include improved and more targeted antimicrobials, biosensing, imaging and drug delivery. In the environmental fields, nanoparticles are used for bioremediation of diverse contaminants, water treatment, catalysis and production of clean energy. With the expected growth of microbial nanotechnology, this volume will serve as a comprehensive and timely reference.
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3030165345
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 296
Book Description
Microbial Nanobionics: Volume 2, Basic Research Applications continues the important discussion of microbial nanoparticle synthesis with a focus on the mechanistic approach of biosynthesis towards nanobionics. This volume also explores the toxicity of nanomaterials in microbes and their effect on human health and the environment. Special Emphasis is given to the use of polymeric nanomaterials in smart packing for the food industry and agricultural sector. The future of nanomaterials for detection of soil microbes and their interactions and tools for environmental remedies is also comprehensively covered. The rich biodiversity of microbes make them excellent candidates for potential nanoparticle synthesis biofactories. Through a better understanding of the biochemical and molecular mechanisms of the microbial biosynthesis of metal nanoparticles, the rate of synthesis can be better developed and the monodispersity of the product can be enhanced. The characteristics of nanoparticles can be controlled via optimization of important parameters, such as temperature, pH, concentration and pressure, which regulate microbe growth conditions and cellular and enzymatic activities. Large scale microbial synthesis of nanoparticles is a sustainable method due to the non-hazardous, non-toxic and economical nature of these processes. The applications of microbial synthesis of nanoparticles are wide and varied, spanning the industrial, biomedical and environmental fields. Biomedical applications include improved and more targeted antimicrobials, biosensing, imaging and drug delivery. In the environmental fields, nanoparticles are used for bioremediation of diverse contaminants, water treatment, catalysis and production of clean energy. With the expected growth of microbial nanotechnology, this volume will serve as a comprehensive and timely reference.
Analysis and Characterisation of Metal-Based Nanomaterials
Author:
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0323853064
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 454
Book Description
Analysis and Characterisation of Metal-Based Nanomaterials, Volume 93 in the Comprehensive Analytical Chemistry series, introduces recent developments in analytical methodologies for detection, characterization and quantification of metal-based nanomaterials and their applications to a variety of complex environmental, biological and food samples as well as different consumer products. Single-particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry is highlighted as a powerful analytical tool for number-based concentration and size distribution, also from the metrological viewpoint. An emerging approach for the measurement of multi-metal nanoparticles by single-particle inductively coupled plasma time-of-flight mass spectrometry is discussed. Imaging of metal-based nanoparticles by hyphenated inductively coupled plasma-based techniques is also introduced. The potential of different liquid chromatography and field flow fractionation separation techniques hyphenated to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry is emphasized as a powerful tool in particular for complex matrices and small particles sizes. The use of different microscopic techniques for the characterization of metal-based nanoparticles and characterization of metal-based nanoparticles as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging are presented. Moreover, occurrence, behaviour and fate of inorganic nanoparticles in the environment is overviewed. Finally, the need for quality control standards and reference nano-materials is emphasized throughout. - Presents recent developments in analytical methodologies based on mass spectrometry, light scattering and microscopic techniques for detection, characterization and quantification of metal-based nanomaterials - Describes applications of the nanoparticle analysis in a variety of complex environmental, biological and food samples as well as different consumer products - Provides the metrological aspects for the analysis of metal-based nanoparticles when using emerging techniques such as single-particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0323853064
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 454
Book Description
Analysis and Characterisation of Metal-Based Nanomaterials, Volume 93 in the Comprehensive Analytical Chemistry series, introduces recent developments in analytical methodologies for detection, characterization and quantification of metal-based nanomaterials and their applications to a variety of complex environmental, biological and food samples as well as different consumer products. Single-particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry is highlighted as a powerful analytical tool for number-based concentration and size distribution, also from the metrological viewpoint. An emerging approach for the measurement of multi-metal nanoparticles by single-particle inductively coupled plasma time-of-flight mass spectrometry is discussed. Imaging of metal-based nanoparticles by hyphenated inductively coupled plasma-based techniques is also introduced. The potential of different liquid chromatography and field flow fractionation separation techniques hyphenated to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry is emphasized as a powerful tool in particular for complex matrices and small particles sizes. The use of different microscopic techniques for the characterization of metal-based nanoparticles and characterization of metal-based nanoparticles as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging are presented. Moreover, occurrence, behaviour and fate of inorganic nanoparticles in the environment is overviewed. Finally, the need for quality control standards and reference nano-materials is emphasized throughout. - Presents recent developments in analytical methodologies based on mass spectrometry, light scattering and microscopic techniques for detection, characterization and quantification of metal-based nanomaterials - Describes applications of the nanoparticle analysis in a variety of complex environmental, biological and food samples as well as different consumer products - Provides the metrological aspects for the analysis of metal-based nanoparticles when using emerging techniques such as single-particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
Practical Guide to ICP-MS
Author: Robert Thomas
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0824758838
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 323
Book Description
Written by a field insider with more than 20 years of experience in the development and application of atomic spectroscopy instrumentation, the Practical Guide to ICP-MS offers key concepts and guidelines in a reader-friendly format that is superb for those with limited knowledge of the technique. This reference discusses the fundamental principles, analytical advantages, practical capabilities, and overall benefits of ICP-MS. It presents the most important selection criteria when evaluating commercial ICP-MS equipment and the most common application areas of ICP-MS such as the environmental, semiconductor, geochemical, clinical, nuclear, food, metallurgical, and petrochemical industries.
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0824758838
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 323
Book Description
Written by a field insider with more than 20 years of experience in the development and application of atomic spectroscopy instrumentation, the Practical Guide to ICP-MS offers key concepts and guidelines in a reader-friendly format that is superb for those with limited knowledge of the technique. This reference discusses the fundamental principles, analytical advantages, practical capabilities, and overall benefits of ICP-MS. It presents the most important selection criteria when evaluating commercial ICP-MS equipment and the most common application areas of ICP-MS such as the environmental, semiconductor, geochemical, clinical, nuclear, food, metallurgical, and petrochemical industries.
Characterization of Nanoparticles
Author: Vasile-Dan Hodoroaba
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128141824
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 564
Book Description
Characterization of Nanoparticles: Measurement Processes for Nanoparticles surveys this fast growing field, including established methods for the physical and chemical characterization of nanoparticles. The book focuses on sample preparation issues (including potential pitfalls), with measurement procedures described in detail. In addition, the book explores data reduction, including the quantitative evaluation of the final result and its uncertainty of measurement. The results of published inter-laboratory comparisons are referred to, along with the availability of reference materials necessary for instrument calibration and method validation. The application of these methods are illustrated with practical examples on what is routine and what remains a challenge. In addition, this book summarizes promising methods still under development and analyzes the need for complementary methods to enhance the quality of nanoparticle characterization with solutions already in operation.
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128141824
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 564
Book Description
Characterization of Nanoparticles: Measurement Processes for Nanoparticles surveys this fast growing field, including established methods for the physical and chemical characterization of nanoparticles. The book focuses on sample preparation issues (including potential pitfalls), with measurement procedures described in detail. In addition, the book explores data reduction, including the quantitative evaluation of the final result and its uncertainty of measurement. The results of published inter-laboratory comparisons are referred to, along with the availability of reference materials necessary for instrument calibration and method validation. The application of these methods are illustrated with practical examples on what is routine and what remains a challenge. In addition, this book summarizes promising methods still under development and analyzes the need for complementary methods to enhance the quality of nanoparticle characterization with solutions already in operation.
Nanomaterials for Food Applications
Author:
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 012814131X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 446
Book Description
Nanomaterials for Food Applications highlights recent developments in nanotechnologies, covering the different food areas where these novel products or technologies can be applied. The book covers five major themes, showing how nanotechnology is used in food, the use of ingredients in nanoform to improve bioavailability or nanoencapsulation technologies, nanotechnologies for food processing, nanosensors for food quality and safety, nanotechnologies for food packaging, and methods to evaluate potential risks and regulatory issues. This is an important research reference that will be of great value to academic and industrial readers, as topics of importance, both at a research level and for commercial applications, are covered. Regulatory agencies will also be interested in the latest developments covered in the book as they will help set the foundation for further regulations. - Demonstrates how nanotechnology can improve food quality and safety - Shows how nanotechnology is used to create more effective food processing techniques - Discusses the regulatory issues surrounding the use of nanomaterials in food to ensure they are used safely and responsibly
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 012814131X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 446
Book Description
Nanomaterials for Food Applications highlights recent developments in nanotechnologies, covering the different food areas where these novel products or technologies can be applied. The book covers five major themes, showing how nanotechnology is used in food, the use of ingredients in nanoform to improve bioavailability or nanoencapsulation technologies, nanotechnologies for food processing, nanosensors for food quality and safety, nanotechnologies for food packaging, and methods to evaluate potential risks and regulatory issues. This is an important research reference that will be of great value to academic and industrial readers, as topics of importance, both at a research level and for commercial applications, are covered. Regulatory agencies will also be interested in the latest developments covered in the book as they will help set the foundation for further regulations. - Demonstrates how nanotechnology can improve food quality and safety - Shows how nanotechnology is used to create more effective food processing techniques - Discusses the regulatory issues surrounding the use of nanomaterials in food to ensure they are used safely and responsibly
Determination of Trace Elements
Author: Zeev B. Alfassi
Publisher: Wiley-VCH
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 632
Book Description
Determination of Trace Elements Edited by Zeev B. Alfassi The best way to determine trace elements! This easy-to-use handbook guides the reader through the maze of all modern analytical operations. Each method is described by an expert in the field. The book highlights the advantages and disadvantages of individual techniques and enables pharmacologists, environmentalists, material scientists, and food industry to select a judicious procedure for their trace element analysis.
Publisher: Wiley-VCH
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 632
Book Description
Determination of Trace Elements Edited by Zeev B. Alfassi The best way to determine trace elements! This easy-to-use handbook guides the reader through the maze of all modern analytical operations. Each method is described by an expert in the field. The book highlights the advantages and disadvantages of individual techniques and enables pharmacologists, environmentalists, material scientists, and food industry to select a judicious procedure for their trace element analysis.
Nanomaterial Characterization
Author: Ratna Tantra
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118753933
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 320
Book Description
Nanomaterial Characterization Providing various properties of nanomaterials and the various methods available for their characterization Over the course of the last few decades, research activity on nanomaterials has gained considerable press coverage. The use of nanomaterials has meant that consumer products can be made lighter, stronger, esthetically more pleasing, and less expensive. The significant role of nanomaterials in improving the quality of life is clear, resulting in faster computers, cleaner energy production, target-driven pharmaceuticals, and better construction materials. It is not surprising, therefore, that nanomaterial research has really taken off, spanning across different scientific disciplines from material science to nanotoxicology. A critical part of any nanomaterial research, however, is the need to characterize physicochemical properties of the nanomaterials, which is not a trivial matter. Nanomaterial Characterization: An Introduction is dedicated to understanding the key physicochemical properties and their characterization methods. Each chapter begins by giving an overview of the topic before a case study is presented. The purpose of the case study is to demonstrate how the reader may make use of the background information presented to them and show how this can be translated to solve a nanospecific application scenario. Thus, it will be useful for researchers in helping them design experimental investigations. The book begins with a general overview of the subject, thus giving the reader a solid foundation to nanomaterial characterization. Nanomaterial Characterization: An Introduction features: Nanomaterial synthesis and reference nananomaterials Key physicochemical properties and their measurements including particle size distribution by number, solubility, surface area, surface chemistry, mechanical/tribological properties, and dustiness Scanning tunneling microscopy methods operated under extreme conditions Novel strategy for biological characterization of nanomaterial methods Methods to handle and visualize multidimensional nanomaterial characterization data The book is written in such a way that both students and experts in other fields of science will find the information useful, whether they are in academia, industry, or regulation, or those whose analytical background may be limited.There is also an extensive list of references associated with every chapter to encourage further reading.
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118753933
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 320
Book Description
Nanomaterial Characterization Providing various properties of nanomaterials and the various methods available for their characterization Over the course of the last few decades, research activity on nanomaterials has gained considerable press coverage. The use of nanomaterials has meant that consumer products can be made lighter, stronger, esthetically more pleasing, and less expensive. The significant role of nanomaterials in improving the quality of life is clear, resulting in faster computers, cleaner energy production, target-driven pharmaceuticals, and better construction materials. It is not surprising, therefore, that nanomaterial research has really taken off, spanning across different scientific disciplines from material science to nanotoxicology. A critical part of any nanomaterial research, however, is the need to characterize physicochemical properties of the nanomaterials, which is not a trivial matter. Nanomaterial Characterization: An Introduction is dedicated to understanding the key physicochemical properties and their characterization methods. Each chapter begins by giving an overview of the topic before a case study is presented. The purpose of the case study is to demonstrate how the reader may make use of the background information presented to them and show how this can be translated to solve a nanospecific application scenario. Thus, it will be useful for researchers in helping them design experimental investigations. The book begins with a general overview of the subject, thus giving the reader a solid foundation to nanomaterial characterization. Nanomaterial Characterization: An Introduction features: Nanomaterial synthesis and reference nananomaterials Key physicochemical properties and their measurements including particle size distribution by number, solubility, surface area, surface chemistry, mechanical/tribological properties, and dustiness Scanning tunneling microscopy methods operated under extreme conditions Novel strategy for biological characterization of nanomaterial methods Methods to handle and visualize multidimensional nanomaterial characterization data The book is written in such a way that both students and experts in other fields of science will find the information useful, whether they are in academia, industry, or regulation, or those whose analytical background may be limited.There is also an extensive list of references associated with every chapter to encourage further reading.
Environmental Colloids and Particles
Author: Kevin J. Wilkinson
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 047002433X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 702
Book Description
This text presents the current knowledge of environmental colloids and includes reviews of the current understanding of structure, role and behaviour of environmental colloids and particles, whilst focussing directly on aquatic systems and soils. In addition, there is substantial critical assessment of the techniques employed for the sampling, size fractionation and characterisation of colloids and particles. Chemical, physical and biological processes and interactions involving colloids are described, and particular attention is paid to quantitative approaches that take account of particle heterogeneity and polydispersity. Presents critical reviews of the state-of-the-art knowledge of environmental colloids Critical assessment of techniques employed for the sampling, size fractionation and characterisation of colloids and particles are given Theoretical and experimental aspects of the methods as well as the required developments and possible recommendations are discussed Each chapter gives a brief introduction general enough for the non-specialist Written by a internationally recognized group of contributors
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 047002433X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 702
Book Description
This text presents the current knowledge of environmental colloids and includes reviews of the current understanding of structure, role and behaviour of environmental colloids and particles, whilst focussing directly on aquatic systems and soils. In addition, there is substantial critical assessment of the techniques employed for the sampling, size fractionation and characterisation of colloids and particles. Chemical, physical and biological processes and interactions involving colloids are described, and particular attention is paid to quantitative approaches that take account of particle heterogeneity and polydispersity. Presents critical reviews of the state-of-the-art knowledge of environmental colloids Critical assessment of techniques employed for the sampling, size fractionation and characterisation of colloids and particles are given Theoretical and experimental aspects of the methods as well as the required developments and possible recommendations are discussed Each chapter gives a brief introduction general enough for the non-specialist Written by a internationally recognized group of contributors