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Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 16
Book Description
Lamb waves have proven to be effective for damage detection by passively listening for emitted signals from crack growth or actively interrogating the structure. Acoustic emission sensors are used for monitoring a wide number of defects in materials such as dynamic strain, crack growth, leakage, corrosion, delamination, and fiber breakage in composite structures. The present paper will present an extensive experimental evaluation of the structural health monitoring (SHM) capability of the PWAS on composite structures of different geometries, environmental conditions, and stress conditions. Results from these experiments indicate that a PWAS based array is capable of detecting low velocity impact damage in composite materials. These experiments showed that abrupt changes in the DI occurred for sensor paths near the impact damage sites, which also indicates that localization of the damage is feasible using PWAS based arrays for SHM. The robustness of the PWAS arrays is demonstrated for damage detection at ambient, cryogenic, and cryogenic temperatures under uniaxial loading using both pulse-echo and pitch-catch methods. Based on these results, a PWAS based SHM array is shown to be a promising method for impact damage detection in composite materials, even in extreme conditions.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 16
Book Description
Lamb waves have proven to be effective for damage detection by passively listening for emitted signals from crack growth or actively interrogating the structure. Acoustic emission sensors are used for monitoring a wide number of defects in materials such as dynamic strain, crack growth, leakage, corrosion, delamination, and fiber breakage in composite structures. The present paper will present an extensive experimental evaluation of the structural health monitoring (SHM) capability of the PWAS on composite structures of different geometries, environmental conditions, and stress conditions. Results from these experiments indicate that a PWAS based array is capable of detecting low velocity impact damage in composite materials. These experiments showed that abrupt changes in the DI occurred for sensor paths near the impact damage sites, which also indicates that localization of the damage is feasible using PWAS based arrays for SHM. The robustness of the PWAS arrays is demonstrated for damage detection at ambient, cryogenic, and cryogenic temperatures under uniaxial loading using both pulse-echo and pitch-catch methods. Based on these results, a PWAS based SHM array is shown to be a promising method for impact damage detection in composite materials, even in extreme conditions.
Author: Yoseph Bar-Cohen Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 149870039X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 518
Book Description
This book addresses the growing interest in low temperature technologies. Since the subject of low temperature materials and mechanisms is multidisciplinary, the chapters reflect the broadest possible perspective of the field. Leading experts in the specific subject area address the various related science and engineering chemistry, material science, electrical engineering, mechanical engineering, metallurgy, and physics.
Author: Fuh-Gwo Yuan Publisher: Woodhead Publishing ISBN: 0081001584 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 516
Book Description
Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) in Aerospace Structures provides readers with the spectacular progress that has taken place over the last twenty years with respect to the area of Structural Health Monitoring (SHM). The widespread adoption of SHM could both significantly improve safety and reduce maintenance and repair expenses that are estimated to be about a quarter of an aircraft fleet’s operating costs. The SHM field encompasses transdisciplinary areas, including smart materials, sensors and actuators, damage diagnosis and prognosis, signal and image processing algorithms, wireless intelligent sensing, data fusion, and energy harvesting. This book focuses on how SHM techniques are applied to aircraft structures with particular emphasis on composite materials, and is divided into four main parts. Part One provides an overview of SHM technologies for damage detection, diagnosis, and prognosis in aerospace structures. Part Two moves on to analyze smart materials for SHM in aerospace structures, such as piezoelectric materials, optical fibers, and flexoelectricity. In addition, this also includes two vibration-based energy harvesting techniques for powering wireless sensors based on piezoelectric electromechanical coupling and diamagnetic levitation. Part Three explores innovative SHM technologies for damage diagnosis in aerospace structures. Chapters within this section include sparse array imaging techniques and phase array techniques for damage detection. The final section of the volume details innovative SHM technologies for damage prognosis in aerospace structures. This book serves as a key reference for researchers working within this industry, academic, and government research agencies developing new systems for the SHM of aerospace structures and materials scientists. Provides key information on the potential of SHM in reducing maintenance and repair costs Analyzes current SHM technologies and sensing systems, highlighting the innovation in each area Encompasses chapters on smart materials such as electroactive polymers and optical fibers
Author: Michelle DuBose Spiegel Publisher: ISBN: Category : Electronic dissertations Languages : en Pages : 39
Book Description
Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) of bridges, buildings, aircrafts, and spacecraft using a network of sensors has gained popularity over recent years. In this thesis, the use of piezoelectric actuators and sensors is described for detecting damage in a composite panel. The composite panels are fabricated using the Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Molding (VARTM) process. The panels are cut into small coupons (254 mm x 25.4 mm) to test various properties of the composite. A piezoelectric actuator is surface mounted on the composite coupon to generate Lamb waves while a surface mounted piezoelectric sensor measures the response. Data is collected from an undamaged composite coupon, and then the process is repeated for a damaged coupon. The existing damage is quantified by comparing the response of the damaged and undamaged composite coupons.
Author: Vistasp M. Karbhari Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 085709355X Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 729
Book Description
The increased use of polymer matrix composites in structural applications has led to the growing need for a very high level of quality control and testing of products to ensure and monitor performance over time. Non-destructive evaluation (NDE) of polymer matrix composites explores a range of NDE techniques and the use of these techniques in a variety of application areas. Part one provides an overview of a range of NDE and NDT techniques including eddy current testing, shearography, ultrasonics, acoustic emission, and dielectrics. Part two highlights the use of NDE techniques for adhesively bonded applications. Part three focuses on NDE techniques for aerospace applications including the evaluation of aerospace composites for impact damage and flaw characterisation. Finally, the use of traditional and emerging NDE techniques in civil and marine applications is explored in part four. With its distinguished editor and international team of expert contributors, Non-destructive evaluation (NDE) of polymer matrix composites is a technical resource for researchers and engineers using polymer matrix composites, professionals requiring an understanding of non-destructive evaluation techniques, and academics interested in this field. Explores a range of NDE and NDT techniques and considers future trends Examines in detail NDE techniques for adhesively bonded applications Discusses NDE techniques in aerospace applications including detecting impact damage, ultrasonic techniques and structural health monitoring
Author: Seth Stovack Kessler Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 200
Book Description
(Cont.) These techniques have proven suitable for structural health monitoring applications since they can be applied with low power conformable sensors and can provide useful information about the state of a structure during operation. Piezoelectric patches could also be used as multipurpose sensors to test using a variety of methods such as modal analysis, Lamb wave, acoustic emission and strain based methods simultaneously by altering driving frequencies and sampling rates. Guidelines and recommendations drawn from this research are presented to assist in the design of a structural health monitoring system for a vehicle, and provides a detailed example of a SHM system architecture. These systems will be an important component in future designs of air and spacecraft to increase the feasibility of their missions.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
An investigation was performed to develop a self-diagnostic technique using a built-in piezoelectric wafer network to detect damage and to identify the extent of the damage in fiber-reinforced composite plates resulting from foreign-object impact. The principle of the technique was to use built-in piezoelectric wafers as actuators to generate stress waves and also use the neighboring piezoelectric wafers as sensors to receive the propagating waves. The difference in sensor measurements before and after the introduction or impact damage, referred to as scatter, contains information about the location and size of site impact damage. Accordingly, the proposed technique. consists of signal generation, signal processing, and damage identification. In the first part of the study, focus was on thin to moderately thick composites where identifying damage in the thickness direction was ignored and only a single piezoelectric wafer network through the composite plates was used. Diagnostic signals were selected for built-in piezoelectric actuators to generate appropriate Lamb waves to enhance the sensitivity of the sensor measurement to damage and to minimize signal noises due to environments. A signal-processing scheme composed of a smooth filtering and a joint time-frequency analysis was utilized to overcome noise interference and convert sensor measurements into sensor and scatter spectrograms in the time-frequency domain.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: 9780791848975 Category : Nanostructures Languages : en Pages : 720
Book Description
A collection of 81 full-length, peer-reviewed technical papers that covers such topics as: Bio-inspired Smart Materials and Structures; Enabling Technologies and Integrated System Design; Multifunctional Materials; and, Structural Health Monitoring/NDE.
Author: Mitali G. Shah Publisher: ISBN: Category : Automatic data collection systems Languages : en Pages : 354
Book Description
"The enormous potential that the composite materials can offer to civil infrastructure, mechanical and aerospace industries, and many other sectors has been hindered due to the lack of reliable Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) system capable of detecting damage occurrence and predicting its related effect. Implementation of SHM techniques could substantially reduce the maintenance cost and minimize the likelihood of catastrophic failure of the structures. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the dynamics-based damage detection techniques for the beam-type composite structures using smart piezoelectric materials and modern instrumentation like Scanning Laser Vibrometer (SLV). The study comprises of testing six E-glass/epoxy composite beams with different damage configurations (i.e., delamination, saw-cut and impact damage) using two different sensor systems: (1) Polyvinylidenefluoride (PVDF) sensors and PZT (lead-zirconate-titanate) actuator patches, and (2) SLV system. The experimental tests are conducted using the two sensor systems, and the numerical finite element (FE) analysis is also performed to complement the damage detection. Eight different damage detection algorithms (i.e. absolute difference method (ADM), Damage Factor Method (DFM), Modified Damage Factor Method (MDFM), Damage Index Method (DIM), Uniform Load Surface (ULS), Gapped Smoothing Method (GSM), Strain Energy Method (SEM) and Generalized Fractal Dimension (GFD)) are employed to analyze the experimental and numerical data. Of the eight algorithms, the GSM, SEM and GFD using the ULS curvature mode shapes are emphasized, and a combined static-dynamic approach is further used to magnify the effect of damage. From the damage detection outcomes, it is observed that the PVDF sensor system in which the curvature mode shapes are directly acquired exhibited good sensitivity to damage and could locate damage accurately; while the SLV system proved to be more convenient and effective, and it was capable of scanning large number of points over the entire beam specimens. The damage detection algorithms like the GSM, SEM and GFD based on the utilization of ULS curvatures successfully identified the presence and location of damage without considering the data from the healthy beams as the reference. The GFD provided fairly good results; however, it showed extra peaks at locations other than the actual damage location. The employment of the static-dynamic approach apparently increased the effect of damage (e.g., the delamination), and the application of GSM, GFD and SEM further facilitated to quantify the magnifying effect. In conclusion, dynamic response measurement using two proposed sensor systems and related modal analysis and damage evaluation are demonstrated in this study. The successful implementation of the damage detection techniques, such as GSM, GFD, SEM and combined static-dynamic approach, validates the effectiveness and accuracy of the two sensor systems in damage detection, and they can be integrated with SHM application."--P. iii-iv.
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Author: Yoseph Bar-Cohen
Author: Fuh-Gwo Yuan
Author: Michelle DuBose Spiegel
Author: Vistasp M. Karbhari
Author: Seth Stovack Kessler
Author: Xianghua Jian
Author: 
Author: 
Author: Mitali G. Shah