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Author: Jeroen Suijs Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9781461546382 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 140
Book Description
In cooperative games, one generally assumes that the agents know exactly the joint (monetary) gains that can be achieved by any possible coalition of cooperating agents. In reality, however, only little is known with certainty. This does not necessarily imply that traditional cooperative game theory cannot be applied in practical situations, for in various cases knowledge of the expected gains suffices. In many other cases, however, it is just the sharing of risk that is beneficial. Joint ventures, for instance, exist since cooperation reduces the risk of the investment for the individual parties. Since the existing models fail to incorporate such risks, they are not suitable for analyzing cooperative decision-making under risk. This book aims to rectify this deficiency by discussing a model of cooperative games with random payoffs.
Author: Jeroen Suijs Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9781461546382 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 140
Book Description
In cooperative games, one generally assumes that the agents know exactly the joint (monetary) gains that can be achieved by any possible coalition of cooperating agents. In reality, however, only little is known with certainty. This does not necessarily imply that traditional cooperative game theory cannot be applied in practical situations, for in various cases knowledge of the expected gains suffices. In many other cases, however, it is just the sharing of risk that is beneficial. Joint ventures, for instance, exist since cooperation reduces the risk of the investment for the individual parties. Since the existing models fail to incorporate such risks, they are not suitable for analyzing cooperative decision-making under risk. This book aims to rectify this deficiency by discussing a model of cooperative games with random payoffs.
Author: Jeroen Suijs Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1461546370 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 145
Book Description
In cooperative games, one generally assumes that the agents know exactly the joint (monetary) gains that can be achieved by any possible coalition of cooperating agents. In reality, however, only little is known with certainty. This does not necessarily imply that traditional cooperative game theory cannot be applied in practical situations, for in various cases knowledge of the expected gains suffices. In many other cases, however, it is just the sharing of risk that is beneficial. Joint ventures, for instance, exist since cooperation reduces the risk of the investment for the individual parties. Since the existing models fail to incorporate such risks, they are not suitable for analyzing cooperative decision-making under risk. This book aims to rectify this deficiency by discussing a model of cooperative games with random payoffs.
Author: Mykel J. Kochenderfer Publisher: MIT Press ISBN: 0262331713 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 350
Book Description
An introduction to decision making under uncertainty from a computational perspective, covering both theory and applications ranging from speech recognition to airborne collision avoidance. Many important problems involve decision making under uncertainty—that is, choosing actions based on often imperfect observations, with unknown outcomes. Designers of automated decision support systems must take into account the various sources of uncertainty while balancing the multiple objectives of the system. This book provides an introduction to the challenges of decision making under uncertainty from a computational perspective. It presents both the theory behind decision making models and algorithms and a collection of example applications that range from speech recognition to aircraft collision avoidance. Focusing on two methods for designing decision agents, planning and reinforcement learning, the book covers probabilistic models, introducing Bayesian networks as a graphical model that captures probabilistic relationships between variables; utility theory as a framework for understanding optimal decision making under uncertainty; Markov decision processes as a method for modeling sequential problems; model uncertainty; state uncertainty; and cooperative decision making involving multiple interacting agents. A series of applications shows how the theoretical concepts can be applied to systems for attribute-based person search, speech applications, collision avoidance, and unmanned aircraft persistent surveillance. Decision Making Under Uncertainty unifies research from different communities using consistent notation, and is accessible to students and researchers across engineering disciplines who have some prior exposure to probability theory and calculus. It can be used as a text for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in fields including computer science, aerospace and electrical engineering, and management science. It will also be a valuable professional reference for researchers in a variety of disciplines.
Author: Jakob Rosing Publisher: ISBN: Category : Decision making Languages : en Pages : 198
Book Description
In many situations involving interaction among parties, the individual welfare of each party can be improved by cooperation. This requires a cooperative decision, which specifies the course of action to be followed by each party, and a rule for sharing the total payoff resulting from that decision. In general, the total payoff will depend on the value of a random variable that is unknown at the time of the decision making. This study determines the conditions under which the parties are willing to delegate cooperative decision making to a group. In arriving at its optimal decision, this group does not take into account the division of the total payoff among the parties. Furthermore, the parties are willing to form this group independent of the set of alternative payoff functions. The results are based on the assumption of complete information; that is, each party knows his own and his opponents' utility functions, subjective probability distributions, available strategies, and payoff functions. (Author).
Author: Jens Rasmussen Publisher: Wiley ISBN: 9780471928287 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 416
Book Description
Frequently (and often inappropriately) decision making in the work environment has been analyzed and modeled in terms of isolated decisions made by one person. In reality, decision making is a continuous, interpersonal process usually involving several ``decision makers'' aiming at dynamic and cooperative control of the state of affairs at work. Based on original contributions from researchers and research teams, this book provides an urgently needed cognitive approach to models of distributed decision making, exploring the basis for design of decision support systems in various complex, collective, modern work environments. It identifies the state of the art of modeling distributed decision making and the problems imposed by modern high-tech systems. A also formulates promising research avenues.
Author: Mohammed Abdellaoui Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3540684360 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 245
Book Description
Whether we like it or not we all feel that the world is uncertain. From choosing a new technology to selecting a job, we rarely know in advance what outcome will result from our decisions. Unfortunately, the standard theory of choice under uncertainty developed in the early forties and fifties turns out to be too rigid to take many tricky issues of choice under uncertainty into account. The good news is that we have now moved away from the early descriptively inadequate modeling of behavior. This book brings the reader into contact with the accomplished progress in individual decision making through the most recent contributions to uncertainty modeling and behavioral decision making. It also introduces the reader into the many subtle issues to be resolved for rational choice under uncertainty.
Author: Edward Lewis Cook Publisher: ISBN: Category : Game theory Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
The present work explores improvements in group decision-making. It begins with a practical example using state-of-the-art techniques for a complex, high-risk decision. We show how these techniques can reveal a better alternative. Although we created an improved decision process, decision-makers were apt to protect their own organizations instead of the project. This tendency was reduced over the course of the decision-making process but inspired the first conceptual component of this work. The first concept describes the "Cost of Conflict" that can arise in a group decision, using game theory to represent the non-cooperative approach and comparing the outcome to the cooperative approach. We demonstrate that it is possible for the group to settle on a non-Paretto Nash equilibrium. The sensitivity of the decision-maker weights is revealed which led to the second conceptual portion of this work. The second concept applies social network theory to study the influence between decision-makers in a group decision. By examining the number and strength of connections between decision-makers, we build from intrinsically derived weights to extrinsically derived weights by adding the network influences from other decision-makers. The two conceptual approaches provide a descriptive view of non-cooperative decisions where decision-makers still influence each other. These concepts suggest a prescriptive approach to achieving a higher group utility.
Author: Seeds For Change Lancaster Co-operative ltd Publisher: Seeds for Change Lancaster Co-operative Ltd ISBN: 0957587104 Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 4
Book Description
"Excellent - clear guidance, thoughtful reflection on power and conflict" - THE GUARDIAN (UK) A practical guide to facilitating consensus decision making The essential manual for grassroots organising by Seeds for Change, one of the UK's leading activist training collectives This book explains the spirit and philosophy of co-operative decision making, and gives practical, easy to read guidance on how to facilitate a consensus process. A Consensus Handbook looks at common situations and explains the skills and tools your group can use to ease the path to a decision. Includes: · Skills and tools for facilitation and decision making · Small and large groups · Face to face or virtual meetings · Spirit and philosophy of consensus decision making · Troubleshoot your consensus process - a guide to dealing with common pitfalls and problems · Consensus in the wider world - how can consensus decision making be used outside small groups? Whether you’re new to consensus or are experienced; whether you think it’s the best way to make decisions or are struggling to make it work: this book is for you!
Author: Jeroen Suijs
Author: Jeroen Suijs
Author: Jeroen Suijs
Author: Mykel J. Kochenderfer
Author: Jakob Rosing
Author: Holger I Meinhardt
Author: Jens Rasmussen
Author: Michał Wiktor Krawczyk
Author: Mohammed Abdellaoui
Author: Edward Lewis Cook
Author: Seeds For Change Lancaster Co-operative ltd