CONTRIBUTION A L'ETUDE DU PROCESSUS DE MINERALISATION AU NIVEAU DE DIFFERENTES INTERFACES BIOMATERIAUX/OS PDF Download

Author: JOSEPH.. HEMMERLE
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 231

View

Book Description
L'HYDROXYAPATITE DE SYNTHESE EST UTILISEE DANS LE COMBLEMENT DES PERTES DE SUBSTANCE OSSEUSE ET POUR LE REVETEMENT D'IMPLANTS ENDO-OSSEUX METALLIQUES. DANS LES DEUX CAS, LES OBSERVATIONS PAR MICROSCOPIE ELECTRONIQUE ONT MONTRE QUE DES CRISTALLITES NEOFORMEES SE DEVELOPPAIENT A LA SURFACE DES PARTICULES D'HYDROXYAPATITE IMPLANTEES. LES CRISTALLITES NOUVELLEMENT FORMEES COMBLENT LES ESPACES INTERGRANULAIRES DE LA BIOCERAMIQUE ET FORMENT UNE MINCE ENVELOPPE MINERALE ET AFIBRILLAIRE AUTOUR DU BIOMATERIAU. LE TISSU OSSEUX ENVIRONNANT EST EN CONTINUITE AVEC CETTE BORDURE CALCIFIEE. LA MICROSCOPIE ELECTRONIQUE A TRANSMISSION A HAUTE RESOLUTION ASSOCIEE A LA SIMULATION D'IMAGES PAR ORDINATEUR A PERMIS DE DEMONTRER LA NATURE APATITIQUE DE LA PHASE NEOFORMEE. UNE INTERFACE SOLIDE/SOLIDE DIRECTE, AU NIVEAU MOLECULAIRE, A ETE MISE EN EVIDENCE ENTRE LE PHOSPHATE DE CALCIUM IMPLANTE ET LES CRISTALLITES NEOFORMEES. LES DIFFRACTOGRAMMES NUMERIQUES REVELENT QUE LES ORIENTATIONS DES CRISTALLITES NEOFORMEES DEPENDENT DE L'AXE DE ZONE DES PARTICULES D'HYDROXYAPATITE IMPLANTEES. L'HYDROXYAPATITE SYNTHETIQUE SEMBLE SERVIR DE SUBSTRAT AUX CRISTALLITES NEOFORMEES. L'ASSOCIATION DE COLLAGENE ET DE GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANES AVEC L'HYDROXYAPATITE DE SYNTHESE SEMBLE RALENTIR VOIRE ENTRAVER L'INTEGRATION OSSEUSE DU MATERIAU COMPOSITE. PAR AILLEURS, UNE APPROCHE TECHNIQUE APPROPRIEE A PERMIS D'ANALYSER LES ASPECTS ULTRASTRUCTURAUX D'UNE INTERFACE REVETEMENT METALLIQUE/TISSU OSSEUX DANS SON ENSEMBLE. IL A ETE MONTRE QUE DES CRISTAUX D'APATITE POUVAIENT SE DEVELOPPER A PROXIMITE D'UN IMPLANT METALLIQUE (TITANE) ET, PAR VOIE DE CONSEQUENCE, EN ASSURER L'OSTEOINTEGRATION

Author: Sukarno Olavo Ferreira
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789535163077
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 434

View

Book Description
Crystal growth is the key step of a great number of very important applications. The development of new devices and products, from the traditional microelectronic industry to pharmaceutical industry and many others, depends on crystallization processes. The objective of this book is not to cover all areas of crystal growth but just present, as specified in the title, important selected topics, as applied to organic and inorganic systems. All authors have been selected for being key researchers in their field of specialization, working in important universities and research labs around the world. The first section is mainly devoted to biological systems and covers topics like proteins, bone and ice crystallization. The second section brings some applications to inorganic systems and describes more general growth techniques like chemical vapor crystallization and electrodeposition. This book is mostly recommended for students working in the field of crystal growth and for scientists and engineers in the fields of crystalline materials, crystal engineering and the industrial applications of crystallization processes.

Author: Alain Chauvet
Publisher: MDPI
ISBN: 3038977845
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 256

View

Book Description
"Structural Control” remains a crucial point that frequently lacks in any scientific and/or economic analysis of ore deposits, whatever their type and class. The case of lode deposits is exemplary, although also other deposits, like breccia pipe, stockwerk, massive sulphides, skarn, etc., can, surprisingly, be concerned. Several concepts like the gold-bearing shear zone have not proven valid during the last few decades in terms of our understanding of gold deposit and have been totally abandoned. Additionally, the relationships between magmatism, regional tectonic context, and mineralization remain uncertain and have been debated in several recent publications. This demonstrates that this issue is still relevant, and its solution may help in the distinction between intrusion-related and orogenic deposits. In this Special Issue, we particularly invite any case study of mineral deposits, in which it has been demonstrated that structural geology may have a significant role in the establishment of the deposit model of formation and/or on exploration and exploitation programs. Examples in which the structural model diverges from those described in the classical literature are particularly welcomed, including studies in which relationships with magmatism can be suspected and/or demonstrated. Indeed, all cases that illustrate concepts that differ from the classic ones and from theoretical models may represent significant contributions to this volume.

Author: Georges Tsoucaris
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401001936
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 272

View

Book Description
This book delineates the contours of molecular and structural archaeology as an emergent interdisciplinary field based on structural analysis at the molecular level and examines novel methodologies to reconstruct the synthesis and long-term transformation of materials used in antiquity. The focus of this volume is on cosmetic and therapeutic materials.

Author: Hermann Ehrlich
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9400757301
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 439

View

Book Description
This is the second monograph by the author on biological materials of marine origin. The initial book is dedicated to the biological materials of marine invertebrates. This work is a source of modern knowledge on biomineralization, biomimetics and materials science with respect to marine vertebrates. For the first time in scientific literature the author gives the most coherent analysis of the nature, origin and evolution of biocomposites and biopolymers isolated from and observed in the broad variety of marine vertebrate organisms (fish, reptilian, birds and mammals) and within their unique hierarchically organized structural formations. There is a wealth of new and newly synthesized information, including dozens of previously unpublished images of unique marine creatures including extinct, extant and living taxa and their biocomposite-based structures from nano- to micro – and macroscale. This monograph reviews the most relevant advances in the marine biological materials research field, pointing out several approaches being introduced and explored by distinct modern laboratories.

Author: J.C. Elliott
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 148329031X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 404

View

Book Description
The apatites and related calcium phosphates have been of considerable interest to biologists, mineralogists, and inorganic and industrial chemists for many years. This book contains a detailed description of the structures and structural interrelationships of the calcium orthophosphates, including the apatites. Their preparation, crystal growth and dissolution, chemical reactions including thermal decomposition, IR, Raman and NMR spectra and various physical properties are discussed. Apatites other than those containing calcium and phosphorus are included. Synthetic, mineral and biological carbonate apatites are also considered. A wide, but critical coverage of the literature is given, which includes a substantial amount not written in English. Research from many disciplines is included which results in a comprehensive compilation of recent work.

Author: Jin Huang
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527342699
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 514

View

Book Description
Comprehensively introduces readers to the production, modifications, and applications of nanocellulose This book gives a thorough introduction to the structure, properties, surface modification, theory, mechanism of composites, and functional materials derived from nanocellulose. It also provides in-depth descriptions of plastics, composites, and functional nanomaterials specifically derived from cellulose nanocrystals, cellulose nanofibrils, and bacterial cellulose. It includes the most recent progress in developing a conceptual framework of nanocellulose, as well as its numerous applications in the design and manufacture of nanocomposites and functional nanomaterials. The book also looks at the relationship between structure and properties. Featuring contributions from many noted experts in the field, Nanocellulose: From Fundamentals to Advanced Materials examines the current status of nanocomposites based on nanocelluloses. It covers surface modification of nanocellulose in the nanocomposites development; reinforcing mechanism of cellulose nanocrystals in nanocomposites; and advanced materials based on self-organization of cellulose nanocrystals. The book studies the role of cellulose nanofibrils in nanocomposites, as well as a potential application based on colloidal properties of cellulose nanocrystals. It also offers strategies to explore biomedical applications of nanocellulose. Provides comprehensive knowledge on the topic of nanocellulose, including the preparation, structure, properties, surface modification and strategy Covers new reports on the application of nanocellulose Summarizes three kinds of nanocellulose (cellulose nanocrystals, cellulose nanofibrils, and bacterial cellulose) and their production, modification, and applications Nanocellulose: From Fundamentals to Advanced Materials is a useful resource for specialist researchers of chemistry, materials, and nanotechnology science, as well as for researchers and students of the subject.

Author: Ron Pinhasi
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 047072417X
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 408

View

Book Description
This volume presents a truly integrated methodological and biocultural approach to the expanding discipline of human palaeopathology. The book provides researchers and practitioners with a comprehensive guide to the main methods and techniques that are currently available for studying diseases and related conditions from human skeletal remains. It also describes the ways in which these methods can be applied to the reconstruction of health and disease in the past. The first part of the book deals with the survival of palaeopathological evidence and provides an up-to-date account of some of the latest techniques for studying disease in ancient remains. These include imaging techniques, such as radiography and CT scanning, and biochemical and histological analyses. Part two discusses the diagnosis and interpretation of particular classes of disease. The emphasis here is on what can be learnt by taking a biocultural or holistic approach to the study of disease frequencies at a population level. Combines theoretical, methodological and diagnostic aspects with key biocultural approaches. Includes overviews of the latest applicable techniques from molecular biology, biochemistry, histopathology and medical imaging. Written by an international team of experts. This book is an invaluable resource for biological anthropologists and archaeologists who study health and disease in past populations. It is also of interest to medical researchers dealing with epidemiological, diagnostic and pathophysiological aspects of diseases, who need a perspective upon the ways in which particular diseases affected earlier generations. Praise from the reviews: “... This book offers an impressive amount of information for both students and more advanced researchers. Its value lies in the vast expertise the contributors have to offer, with all of them being experts with long-standing careers in their respective fields, as well as the geographical distribution of examples that are given to illustrate specific diseases... outstanding and it truly is an important resource for anyone interested in palaeopathology.” PALEOPATHOLOGY NEWSLETTER “The strengths of the book are numerous, but I am especially impressed with the clarity of presentation... I strongly recommend the book, and plan on using it in my classes as assigned reading to emphasize the very complex nature of diagnosis and its essential role of providing baseline information for interpreting health profiles of ancient populations.” THE QUARTERLY REVIEW OF BIOLOGY “It may be asked if we really need yet another book on paleopathology, especially because there are many acclaimed sources available. In this case, the answer must be a resounding ‘‘Yes!’’...Visually and textually, this volume is of exceptional value for guiding future generations of paleopathologists.” AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY "Pinhasi and Mays have produced an excellent, balanced compilation that reflects what is currently happening in paleopathology research and that nicely addresses paleopathology as both discipline and tool, highlighting technical advanced and schooling us on how disease manifests in the human skeleton. This is valuable resource that students and professionals interested in human paloepathology should consider adding to their libraries." AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN BIOLOGY

Author: René Leriche
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 248

View

Book Description
We have had several very interesting experiences in following suggestions of Leriche in regard to peri-arterial sympathectomy. -- H.W. Orr.

Author: Hermann Ehrlich
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9789048191291
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 572

View

Book Description
Biological substances appeared in marine environments at the dawn of evolution. At that moment, the ?rst organisms acquired the ability to synthesize polymer chains which were the basis, in their turn, for the formation of the building blocks that fueled the so-called self-assembling process. They, in their turn, produced more complicated structures. The phenomenon of three main organic structural and sc- folding polymers (chitin, cellulose, and collagen) probably determined the further development and evolution of bioorganic structures and, of course, the organisms themselves. Allthethreebiopolymers,notwithstandingtheirdifferencesinchemical composition, have the common principles in their organization: nano?brils with the diameter 1. 5–2 nm, the ability to self-assemble, production of ?brillar and ?ber-like structures with hierarchical organization from nano—up to macrolevels, the ability to perform both the role of scaffolds and the templates for biomineralization and formation of the rigid skeletal structures. Chitin and collagen in particular played the determining role in the formation of skeletal structure in marine invertebrate organisms. These two biopolymers possess all the qualities needed to refer to them simul- neously as biological materials and biomaterials, the latter thanks to their successful application in biomedicine. The fact that modern science ?nds chitin and collagen both in unicellular and in multicellular invertebrates in fossil and modern species con?rms beyond a doubt the success of these biological materials in the evolution of biological species during millions of years. I realize that this success should be consolidated at genetic level and the detection of corresponding conserved genes must be the main priority.