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Book Description
L'ETUDE DU COMPORTEMENT MECANIQUE AUX JEUNES AGES D'UN MATERIAU POLYMERE EPOXY-AMINE A PERMIS DE METTRE EN EVIDENCE QUELQUES PHENOMENES REMARQUABLES. AINSI, DANS LE CAS ETUDIE, UNE PREMIERE ECHEANCE APPARAIT A L'AGE DE 20 H; A PARTIR DE LA, LES CARACTERISTIQUES ELASTIQUES PRESENTENT DES VALEURS QUASI CONSTANTES ET DEFINITIVES. CELA MONTRE QUE LA CONSTITUTION DU SQUELETTE MACROMOLECULAIRE EST PRATIQUEMENT ACHEVEE, TOUS LES NUDS DE RETICULATION SUSCEPTIBLES DE SE PRODUIRE A LA TEMPERATURE CONSIDEREE ETANT FORMES. ON VOIT ALORS QUE LA CONNAISSANCE DU MODULE ELASTIQUE SEUL N'EST PAS SUFFISANT POUR CARACTERISER LE PRODUIT DONT ON PEUT DIRE QU'IL EST VISCOELASTIQUE VIEILLISSANT. CES DEUX ASPECTS ONT PU ETRE DECOUPLES EN SEPARANT LES CONTRIBUTIONS PHYSICO-CHIMIQUES, CORRESPONDANT AU CARACTERE VIEILLISSANT, DE LA REPONSE VISCOELASTIQUE PROPRE DU MATERIAU DUE A LA SOLLICITATION MECANIQUE. DE CETTE FACON, NOUS AVONS OBTENU UNE EXPRESSION PERMETTANT DE DECRIRE LA DEFORMATION DIFFEREE EN FONCTION DE L'AGE DU MATERIAU ET DE LA DUREE DE SOLLICITATION. CETTE EXPRESSION PEUT SE TRADUIRE GRAPHIQUEMENT PAR LA CONSTRUCTION D'UNE COURBE MAITRESSE FAISANT INTERVENIR UNE TRANSLATION VERTICALE ET UNE TRANSLATION HORIZONTALE. UNE BONNE CORRELATION A ETE ETABLIE ENTRE L'EVOLUTION DE LA TEMPERATURE DE TRANSITION VITREUSE TG ET LA FONCTION DE VIEILLISSEMENT. CELA PERMET ALORS DE PROPOSER DES EXPRESSIONS MATHEMATIQUES POUR LE VIEILLISSEMENT (TRANSLATIONS VERTICALE ET HORIZONTALE) EN FONCTION DE CE PARAMETRE TG QUI APPARAIT ALORS COMME UNE IMAGE DE LA STRUCTURE MACROMOLECULAIRE ET PEUT ETRE CONSIDERE COMME UN TRACEUR PRIVILEGIE DE LA REPONSE DU MATERIAU A UNE SOLLICITATION MECANIQUE DONNEE
Book Description
L'ETUDE DU COMPORTEMENT MECANIQUE AUX JEUNES AGES D'UN MATERIAU POLYMERE EPOXY-AMINE A PERMIS DE METTRE EN EVIDENCE QUELQUES PHENOMENES REMARQUABLES. AINSI, DANS LE CAS ETUDIE, UNE PREMIERE ECHEANCE APPARAIT A L'AGE DE 20 H; A PARTIR DE LA, LES CARACTERISTIQUES ELASTIQUES PRESENTENT DES VALEURS QUASI CONSTANTES ET DEFINITIVES. CELA MONTRE QUE LA CONSTITUTION DU SQUELETTE MACROMOLECULAIRE EST PRATIQUEMENT ACHEVEE, TOUS LES NUDS DE RETICULATION SUSCEPTIBLES DE SE PRODUIRE A LA TEMPERATURE CONSIDEREE ETANT FORMES. ON VOIT ALORS QUE LA CONNAISSANCE DU MODULE ELASTIQUE SEUL N'EST PAS SUFFISANT POUR CARACTERISER LE PRODUIT DONT ON PEUT DIRE QU'IL EST VISCOELASTIQUE VIEILLISSANT. CES DEUX ASPECTS ONT PU ETRE DECOUPLES EN SEPARANT LES CONTRIBUTIONS PHYSICO-CHIMIQUES, CORRESPONDANT AU CARACTERE VIEILLISSANT, DE LA REPONSE VISCOELASTIQUE PROPRE DU MATERIAU DUE A LA SOLLICITATION MECANIQUE. DE CETTE FACON, NOUS AVONS OBTENU UNE EXPRESSION PERMETTANT DE DECRIRE LA DEFORMATION DIFFEREE EN FONCTION DE L'AGE DU MATERIAU ET DE LA DUREE DE SOLLICITATION. CETTE EXPRESSION PEUT SE TRADUIRE GRAPHIQUEMENT PAR LA CONSTRUCTION D'UNE COURBE MAITRESSE FAISANT INTERVENIR UNE TRANSLATION VERTICALE ET UNE TRANSLATION HORIZONTALE. UNE BONNE CORRELATION A ETE ETABLIE ENTRE L'EVOLUTION DE LA TEMPERATURE DE TRANSITION VITREUSE TG ET LA FONCTION DE VIEILLISSEMENT. CELA PERMET ALORS DE PROPOSER DES EXPRESSIONS MATHEMATIQUES POUR LE VIEILLISSEMENT (TRANSLATIONS VERTICALE ET HORIZONTALE) EN FONCTION DE CE PARAMETRE TG QUI APPARAIT ALORS COMME UNE IMAGE DE LA STRUCTURE MACROMOLECULAIRE ET PEUT ETRE CONSIDERE COMME UN TRACEUR PRIVILEGIE DE LA REPONSE DU MATERIAU A UNE SOLLICITATION MECANIQUE DONNEE
Book Description
PAR UNE APPROCHE PHYSICO-CHIMIQUE, NOUS ETUDIONS LE COMPORTEMENT AU FLUAGE D'UNE RESINE EPOXY-AMINE DU TYPE DGEBA-TMHDA, EN COURS DE DURCISSEMENT. L'ETUDE EXPERIMENTALE EST FONDEE SUR DES ESSAIS DE TRACTION ET DE FLUAGE EFFECTUES SUR DES EPROUVETTES AYANT VINGT HEURES D'AGE, CORRESPONDANT A LA FIN DU STADE D'EVOLUTION INITIALE DU RESEAU RETICULE A VINGT DEGRES CELCIUS. LES MESURES DE LA TEMPERATURE DE TRANSITION VITREUSE PAR CALORIMETRIE DIFFERENTIELLE PERMETTENT DE RENDRE COMPTE DE LA FORMATION DU RESEAU MACROMOLECULAIRE QUI S'ETALE DANS LE TEMPS. NOUS MONTRONS QUE LE FLUAGE DE CES RESINES A DIFFERENTES CONTRAINTES ET DIFFERENTES TEMPERATURES DE SOLLICITATION PEUT ETRE MODELISE PAR LA RELATION DE WILLIAMS-WATTS ET L'ACCORD AVEC LES RESULTATS EXPERIMENTAUX EST SATISFAISANT. LES PARAMETRES DU MODELE SONT REPRESENTES DANS LA COMPLAISANCE INSTANTANEE, LA COMPLAISANCE DIFFEREE, LE TEMPS DE RETARD ET UN EXPOSANT QUI TRADUIT LA LARGEUR DU SPECTRE. IL APPARAIT A TRAVERS L'ETUDE DE CES PARAMETRES QUE L'EFFET DE LA CONTRAINTE S'EXPRIME BIEN PAR LA LOI D'EYRING ET L'EFFET DE LA TEMPERATURE PAR LA LOI D'ARRHENIUS, DANS LE DOMAINE VITREUX DU MATERIAU
Author: Emanuele Coccia Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1509545689 Category : Philosophy Languages : en Pages : 180
Book Description
We are all fascinated by the mystery of metamorphosis – of the caterpillar that transforms itself into a butterfly. Their bodies have almost nothing in common. They don’t share the same world: one crawls on the ground and the other flutters its wings in the air. And yet they are one and the same life. Emanuele Coccia argues that metamorphosis – the phenomenon that allows the same life to subsist in disparate bodies – is the relationship that binds all species together and unites the living with the non-living. Bacteria, viruses, fungi, plants, animals: they are all one and the same life. Each species, including the human species, is the metamorphosis of all those that preceded it – the same life, cobbling together a new body and a new form in order to exist differently. And there is no opposition between the living and the non-living: life is always the reincarnation of the non-living, a carnival of the telluric substance of a planet – the Earth – that continually draws new faces and new ways of being out of even the smallest particle of its disparate body. By highlighting what joins humans together with other forms of life, Coccia’s brilliant reflection on metamorphosis encourages us to abandon our view of the human species as static and independent and to recognize instead that we are part of a much larger and interconnected form of life.
Author: World Bank Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: 0821385631 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 114
Book Description
This report provides the most comprehensive and rigorous analysis of Iraqi income and expenditure in several decades. The report makes extensive use of the Iraq Household Socio-Economic Survey, the first nationwide income and expenditure survey since 1988. IHSES data is complemented income and expenditure data from a wide range of other measures of living standards, allowing us to analyze living standards in a holistic way. The analysis presented here was performed with two main goals first, to inform the Government s Poverty Reduction Strategy; and second, to serve as a baseline for future assessments of changes in living standards and the identification of critical issues for deeper examination. Iraqi living standards have two unusual characteristics. First, they have fallen over the past generation. Second, they feature surprisingly little inequality. These characteristics are both rooted in Iraq s recent history of authoritarian government, war, military occupation, insurgency, and civil strife leading to infrastructure destruction and population displacement. There have been few opportunities for individuals to prosper from professional or entrepreneurial activities. Decades of neglected investment have resulted in deterioration of social services and economic infrastructure. Consequently, individuals have lacked capabilities to prosper and an investment climate conducive to prosperity. School enrollment and life expectancy have declined. Extremely low returns to education reflect the combination of poor educational quality and lack of employment opportunities. In terms of economic infrastructure, access to reliable electricity and water, and even access to paved roads are low, are further reflections of decades of neglect. While the upper end of the distribution has been pulled down by a lack of opportunities, the lower end has been supported by direct government provision of food. The Public Distribution System (PDS) provides 85 percent of food needs. While PDS has been useful as a safety net for the poor and the vulnerable, the system is expensive, inefficient, and fiscally risky. Indeed, PDS food rations account for a far greater share of public spending than does education or health. Going forward, Iraq faces two main challenges. First, although Iraq does not have to develop from scratch, it faces a formidable challenge in re-development. Second, a shift by the Government is required from direct provision of basic subsistence toward investment in human capacities. The Government can provide an enabling environment through investments in economic infrastructure and services to business and citizens, thus allowing the population to make productive use of education and their own labor. Both challenges are now being taken up by the Poverty Reduction Strategy, which articulates a detailed set of required actions and outlines priorities for government spending.
Author: Christine Parent Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 354030326X Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 475
Book Description
From environmental management to land planning and geo-marketing, the number of application domains that may greatly benefit from using data enriched with spatio-temporal features is expanding very rapidly. This book shows that a conceptual design approach for spatio-temporal databases is both feasible and easy to apprehend. While providing a firm basis through extensive discussion of traditional data modeling concepts, the major focus of the book is on modeling spatial and temporal information.
Author: Umberto Eco Publisher: Harvard University Press ISBN: 9780674639768 Category : Art Languages : en Pages : 324
Book Description
This book is significant for its concept of "openness"--the artist's decision to leave arrangements of some constituents of a work to the public or to chance--and for its anticipation of two themes of literary theory: the element of multiplicity and plurality in art, and the insistence on literary response as an interaction between reader and text.
Author: Carla Sozzani Publisher: Rizzoli Publications ISBN: 0847841634 Category : Design Languages : en Pages : 302
Book Description
Carla Sozzani opened Galleria Carla Sozzani in September 1990 as a space for art, photography, and design housed in a converted garage at 10 Corso Como in Milan. Along with American artist Kris Ruhs, Sozzani created a space like no other. Rejecting ordinary retail norms, this concept store has always promoted a different philosophy—that of slow shopping, a succession of spaces and events that prioritize lifestyle over object acquisition. In this book, Sozzani describes her world: her style, personal taste, and opinions on fashion, travel, design, and lifestyle. The Galleria now incorporates a bookshop, a fashion and design store, and a garden café, and it is one of Milan’s hippest and most exquisitely curated spaces—a destination in itself. 10 Corso Como has become the nexus of a global network of cultural exchange through fashion, food, art, and photography that continues to inspire fashion and design. In recent years, two additional locations have been added: 10 Corso Como–Comme des Garçons in Tokyo in 2002 and a Seoul branch in 2008.
Author: ALLAOUA.. SADI
Author: ALLAOUA.. SADI
Author: JACQUES.. DJOFACK DONGFACK
Author: J. Belle
Author: Ellis L. Krinitzsky
Author: Emanuele Coccia
Author: World Bank
Author: Christine Parent
Author: Umberto Eco
Author: Carla Sozzani
Author: