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Book Description
O ambiente; a vegetacao; Metodologia; Andamento diario da transpiracao; Comportamento dos estomatos em sua situacao natural; Rapidez dos movimentos estomaticos e transpiracao cuticular; Deficit de saturacao; Estrutura das folhas das plantas do cerrado e da caatinga; Diversos elementos de protecao contra a seca; Comertarios finais e conclusoes.
Book Description
O ambiente; a vegetacao; Metodologia; Andamento diario da transpiracao; Comportamento dos estomatos em sua situacao natural; Rapidez dos movimentos estomaticos e transpiracao cuticular; Deficit de saturacao; Estrutura das folhas das plantas do cerrado e da caatinga; Diversos elementos de protecao contra a seca; Comertarios finais e conclusoes.
Author: Paulo S. Publisher: Columbia University Press ISBN: 0231505965 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 409
Book Description
The massive grasslands of Brazil -- known as the cerrados -- which cover roughly a quarter of its land surface and are among the most threatened regions in South America, have received little media attention. This book brings together leading researchers on the area to produce the first detailed account in English of the natural history and ecology of the cerrado/savanna ecosystem. Given their extent and threatened status, the richness of their flora and fauna, and the lack of familiarity with their unique ecology at the international level, the cerrados are badly in need of this important and timely work.
Author: M. G. Ferri Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : pt-BR Pages : 170
Book Description
Pode-se avaliar em cerca de cinquenta por cento da superficie do territorio nacional a ares coberta por vegetacao pobre: campos e caatingas. Dentre os fatores ecologicos que determinam o tipo de vegetacao de um lugar qualquer, destaca-se, por sua maior importancia, a agua. Dai o grande interesse de estudos de balanco hidrico, especialmente nas regioes de vegetacao escassa. O presente trabalho foi executado, quase todo, no campo cerrado de Paulo Afonso, Bahia. Os ambientes das duas localidade sao caracterizados minusiosamente, quanto a temperatura, a umidade relativa, a evaporacao, ao regime das chuvas, ao solo e suas reservas de agua, etc. Pode-se dizer que as precipitacoes pluviais em Paulo Afonso, representam aproximadamente metade das de Emas; e que o valorda evaporacao na primeira localidade e, ao menos, o dobro do que se verifica na segunda. Alem disso, em Emas, o solo do cerrado contem enormes reservas de agua disponivel para a vegetacao, o que nao sucede na caatinga. Duas listas reunem os principais componentes da vegetacao do cerrado e da caatinga, com seus nomes cientificos e, quando possivel, os vulgares. Os estudos da transpiracao e da velocidade das reacoes estomaticas foram feitos pelo metodo de pesagens rapidas, com uma balanca de torsao. As aberturas dos estomatos foram analisadas tambem pelo metodo de infiltracao com xilol, e, as vezes, por observacao direta, com o microscopio de iluminacao vertical. Foram estabelecidas curvas do andamento diario da transpiracao de diversas especies (...).
Author: R. Toby Pennington Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1000611310 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 514
Book Description
More often than not, when people think of a neotropical forest, what comes to mind is a rain forest, rather than a dry forest. Just as typically, when they imagine a savanna, they visualize the African plains, rather than those dry woodlands and grasslands found in the Neotropics. These same preconceptions can be found among scientists, as these ne
Author: Adrian Srb Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1468428802 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 357
Book Description
The present volume includes the large majority of papers given at the symposium entitled "Fundamental Approaches to Plant and Animal Improvement," held at Cali, Colombia, in November, 1972. The primary focal points were on various genetic mechanisms, including gene action and mutation, the development of phenotypic attributes, and on evolution, including that controlled by man for agricultural purposes. In fact, very little referring in any particular way to animal improvement was included, while a great deal of attention was paid to higher plants and to microorganisms. On the other hand, both the population genetics of insects and insect control were considered. Thus Genes, Enzymes, and Populations, the title given to this published work, seems to me to represent somewhat more fairly the contents than does the original symposium title. Given the intent of the symposium, which is expressed in the original title, the published record cannot be expected to be a neatly packaged presentation of some highly defined subject matter. Indeed the diverse subjects represent some, but by no means all, of the varied and dynamic scientific activities that need to be components in the improvement and production of agriculturally Significant plants at a time when world populations are rapidly increasing and shortages of food occurring. In any case, the organizers of the symposium wisely decided that considerations of environment as well as of genetics should be introduced into the thinking of the group and that physiology and molecular biology could not be ignored.
Author: F. M. S. Moreira Publisher: CABI ISBN: 1845930347 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 296
Book Description
The loss of biological diversity has become an increased concern over recent years and is now enshrined in international conventions. Most biodiversity in fact occurs in the soil. Soil organisms (especially bacteria, fungi and soil invertebrates) play a major role in the formation of soil structure and are primary agents of decomposition and are drivers of nutrient cycling, and hence agricultural production.This book reviews soil biodiversity in one of the key biodiversity hotspots of the world, i.e. the Amazon and nearby regions of Brazil. It covers both the tropical savannah and rain forests . The work reported is based on a project "Conservation and Sustainable Management of Below-Ground Biodiversity", executed by TSBF-CIAT with co-financing from the Global Environment Facility (GEF) and implementation support from the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). The book represents a major contribution to the literature and will interest those in biodiversity conservation, soil scienceand ecology and biodiversity conservation.
Author: Kleber Del Claro Publisher: EOLSS Publications ISBN: 1848262728 Category : Languages : en Pages : 266
Book Description
This Encyclopedia of Tropical Biology and Conservation Management is a component of the global Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS), which is an integrated compendium of twenty one Encyclopedias. Tropical environments cover the most part of still preserved natural areas of the Earth. The greatest biodiversity, as in terms of animals and plants, as microorganisms, is placed in these hot and rainy ecosystems spread up and below the Equator line. Additionally, the most part of food products, with vegetal or animal origin, that sustain nowadays human beings is direct or undirected dependent of tropical productivity. Biodiversity should be looked at and evaluated not only in terms of numbers of species, but also in terms of the diversity of interactions among distinct organisms that it maintains. In this sense, the complexity of web structure in tropical systems is a promise of future to nature preservation on Earth. In the chemicals of tropical plant and animals, could be the cure to infinite number of diseases, new food sources, and who knows what more. Despite these facts tropical areas have been exploited in an irresponsible way for more than 500 years due the lack of an ecological conscience of men. Exactly in the same way we did with temperate areas and also tropical areas in the north of Equator line. Nowadays, is estimated that due human exploitation, nation conflicts and social problems, less than 8% of tropical nature inside continental areas is still now untouchable. The extension of damage in the tropical areas of oceans is unknown. Thus so, all knowledge we could accumulate about tropical systems will help us, as in the preservations of these important and threatened ecosystems as in a future recuperation, when it was possible. Only knowing the past and developing culture, mainly that directed to peace, to a better relationship among nations and responsible use and preservation of natural resources, human beings will have a long future on Earth. These volumes, Tropical Biology and Natural Resources was divided in sessions to provide the reader the better comprehension possible of issue and also to enable future complementation and improvements in the encyclopedia. Like we work with life, we intended to transform this encyclopedia also in a “life” volume, in what new information could be added in any time. As president of the encyclopedia and main editor I opened the theme with an article titled: “Tropical Biology and Natural resources: Historical Pathways and Perspectives”, providing the reader an initial view of the origins of human knowledge about the tropical life, and what we hope to the future. In the sequence we have more than 100 chapters distributed in tem sessions: Tropical Ecology (TE); Tropical Botany (TB); Tropical Zoology (TZ); Savannah Ecosystems (SE); Desert Ecosystems (DE); Tropical Agriculture (TA); Natural History of Tropical Plants (NH); Human Impact on Tropical Ecosystems (HI); Tropical Phytopathology and Entomology (TPE); Case Studies (CS). This 11-volume set contains several chapters, each of size 5000-30000 words, with perspectives, applications and extensive illustrations. It is the only publication of its kind carrying state-of-the-art knowledge in the fields of Tropical Biology and Conservation Management and is aimed, by virtue of the several applications, at the following five major target audiences: University and College Students, Educators, Professional Practitioners, Research Personnel and Policy Analysts, Managers, and Decision Makers and NGOs.
Author: F.B. Golley Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3642885330 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 393
Book Description
In 1971 the International Society of Tropical Ecology and the International Association for Ecology held a meeting on Tropical Ecology, with an emphasis on organic production in New Delhi, India. At this meeting a Working Group on Tropical Ecology was organized, consisting of K. C. Misra (India), F. Malaisse (Zaire), E. Medina (Venezuela) and F. Golley (U.S.A.). The object of this Working Group was to stimulate interaction between tropical ecologists through future scientific meetings and other exchanges and communications. A second meeting of ISTE and INTECOL was held in Caracas, Venezuela in 1973, under the direction of Medina and Golley and sponsored by the Depart ment of Ecology, Institute Venezolano Investigaciones Cientificas (lVIC). The basic structure of the meeting was provided by series of invited papers which considered topics of special interest from both an applied and theoretical view. These included physiological ecology (Pannier), populations (Rabinovich), tropical savannas (Lamotte), rivers (Sioli), estuaries (Rodriguez), and island ecosystems (Mueller-Dombois). Contributed papers considered details of these and other ecological topics, including the application of ecology to human problems. The present volume includes the invited papers listed above and a sampling of contributed papers which together illustrate the trends of research in tropical ecology. The papers show that tropical ecology is a vigorous subject of research. While the papers in this volume do not provide reviews of all the topics of study in tropical ecology, they do present authoritative statements on progress in the major subject in the field.
Author: Mário Guimarães Ferri
Author: Mário Guimarães Ferri
Author: Paulo S.
Author: M. G. Ferri
Author: R. Toby Pennington
Author: Adrian Srb
Author: Guillermo Sarmiento
Author: F. M. S. Moreira
Author: Kleber Del Claro
Author: F.B. Golley
Author: