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Author: Howard Barnum Publisher: ISBN: Category : Agriculture Languages : en Pages : 18
Book Description
An estimated production function for the Muda river valley in Malaysia is used to examine three issues: (1) whether or not labor marginal product is zero, (2) whether or not farm households allocate resources efficiently and (3) whether or not agricultural labor markets are characterized by dualism. In areas where an active labor market exists the first two of these issues may be closely related to the third if family and hired labor can be considered separate factors of production. This study shows that if the labor aggregate is defined as the sum of family and hired labor the resulting production function estimate will be subject to specification bias which will render empirical tests of the issues mentioned invalid. Using separate variables for family and hired labor it is shown that the marginal product of family labor is positive and significantly different from zero and that farms are approximately allocatively efficient. The study does find, however, some substantiation for a mild degree of dualism in the labor market.
Author: Howard Barnum Publisher: ISBN: Category : Agriculture Languages : en Pages : 18
Book Description
An estimated production function for the Muda river valley in Malaysia is used to examine three issues: (1) whether or not labor marginal product is zero, (2) whether or not farm households allocate resources efficiently and (3) whether or not agricultural labor markets are characterized by dualism. In areas where an active labor market exists the first two of these issues may be closely related to the third if family and hired labor can be considered separate factors of production. This study shows that if the labor aggregate is defined as the sum of family and hired labor the resulting production function estimate will be subject to specification bias which will render empirical tests of the issues mentioned invalid. Using separate variables for family and hired labor it is shown that the marginal product of family labor is positive and significantly different from zero and that farms are approximately allocatively efficient. The study does find, however, some substantiation for a mild degree of dualism in the labor market.
Author: Prem Jung Thapa Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1351766953 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 236
Book Description
This title was first published in 2003.The principal economic units in most developing countries are family based farm households. Empirical models that recognize the dual role of the farm household as producer and consumer in a theoretically consistent manner are essential tools for policy analyses. This book provides an important extension of the conventional farm household model by developing an analytical framework that allows for efficiency differences between family and hired labour as inputs in farm production. The model is estimated with survey data from the southern lowland region of Nepal. The estimation strategy is a two-step process. The first step estimates a farm-level production function in which is embedded a test for heterogeneity between family and hired labour. The labour heterogeneity detected in the production function estimation is incorporated, at the second step, in the labour supply estimation in a theoretically consistent manner. The methodological novelty is to relate the shadow wage rate for family labour to the observed market wage rate for hired labour, adjusted for the differential productivity of family and hired labour detected in the production function estimation.
Author: Inderjit Singh Publisher: ISBN: Category : Agricultural industries Languages : en Pages : 360
Book Description
This book presents the basic model of an agricultural household that underlies most of the case studies undertaken so far. The model assumes that households are price-takers and is therefore recursive. The decisions modeled include those affecting production and the demand for inputs and those affecting consumption and the supply of labor. Comparative results on selected elasticities are presented for a number of economies. The empirical significance of the approach is demonstrated in a comparison of models that treat production and consumption decisions separately and those in which the decisionmaking process is recursive. The book summarizes the implications of agricultural pricing policy for the welfare of farm households, marketed surplus, the demand for nonagricultural goods and services, the rural labor market, budget revenues, and foreign exchange earnings. In addition, it is shown that the basic model can be extended in order to explore the effects of government policy on crop composition, nutritional status, health, saving, and investment and to provide a more comprehensive analysis of the effects on budget revenues and foreign exchange earnings. Methodological topics, primarily the data requirements of the basic model and its extensions, along with aggregation, market interaction, uncertainty, and market imperfections are discussed. The most important methodological issues - the question of the recursive property of these models - is also discussed.
Author: Susan M. Capalbo Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1317375793 Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 423
Book Description
This book, first published in 1988, provides a comprehensive, integrated body of knowledge concerning agricultural productivity research, highlighting both its strengths and limitations. This book will be of value to scholars and research leaders for the knowledge it conveys of future productivity research, and will also be of interest to students of environmental studies.
Author: R. López Publisher: Springer ISBN: 0333977793 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 354
Book Description
This book provides fresh insight into rural poverty in Latin America. It draws on six case studies of recent rural household surveys - for Chile, Colombia, El Salvador, Honduras, Paraguay, and Peru - and several thematic studies examining land, labour, rural financial markets, the environments, and disadvantaged groups. Recognizing the heterogeneity within the rural economy, the studies characterize three important groups - small farmers, landless farm workers, and rural non-farm workers - and provide quantitative and qualitative analyses of the determinants of household income.
Author: Keith Owen Fuglie Publisher: CABI ISBN: 1845939212 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 390
Book Description
This volume is written primarily for agricultural economists doing research on productivity. It includes discussions of the theoretical underpinnings of productivity measurement as well as the many practical considerations that go into translating this theory into actual measures of aggregated outputs and inputs. The unifying concept of agricultural productivity used across the chapters of this volume is aggregate total factor productivity (TFP) of the sector. The volume also contains detailed analysis of the underlying causes of agricultural productivity growth. Part I (chapters 2-6) examines agricultural productivity in high-income and transition countries. Part II (chapters 7-11) examines agricultural productivity growth and its driving forces in five important agricultural producers in Asia and Latin America. Part III (chapters 12-14) focuses on measuring and identifying constraints to agricultural productivity growth in sub-Saharan Africa. Part IV (chapters 15-16) gives a global perspective on agricultural productivity.
Author: Bruce L. Gardner Publisher: North Holland ISBN: Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 828
Book Description
This first volume of the "Handbook of Agricultural Economics" presents work on topics central to the economics of agriculture: the quantitative representation of technology; market expectations; household production behaviour; consumer behaviour with uncertain quality and safety of goods; and issues of imperfect competition in food marketing. Volume 1A treats issues in agricultural production, representing the consequences of decades of work deepening and widening the original focus of agricultural economics on farm management. In addition to the theory and estimation of production and supply behaviour in agriculture, chapters are devoted to topics on which major advancements have been made: technological change; returns to agricultural research; the industrial structure of agriculture, land institutions and markets; and human capital and finance. Two chapters are further specialized to rural labour and household issues: migration and the role of women in developing countries.
Author: Howard Barnum
Author: Howard Barnum
Author: Prem Jung Thapa
Author: Inderjit Singh
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Author: 
Author: Susan M. Capalbo
Author: R. López
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Author: Keith Owen Fuglie
Author: Bruce L. Gardner