Author: Douglas M. Abrams Publisher: SUNY Press ISBN: 9780791416785 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 252
Book Description
This book analyzes the organizational interface between the public and higher education sectors as policy leaders experiment with cooperative strategies to optimize legislative appropriations, compete for organizational domain in vocational education, work together to manage a joint crisis posed by a popular tax revolt, and use the symbols of cooperation to build libraries in higher education. Focusing on the state of Utah, this micro-analysis of political relationships between policy elitesas conditioned by the organization rank and fileilluminates the political culture of upper echelon policymaking in education, focusing on the complex fabric of interests and contingencies that policymakers perceive and respond to in specific political circumstances. Abrams provides an in-depth, policy specific case-in-point of the political implications of a more competent state government presence in our public life. He draws perspectives from several research traditions in the social sciences to explain the dynamics of organizational competition and cooperation. The resulting analysis of state-level education politics is provocative and unconventional, and heightens our understanding of why the two education sectors must compete, and how they can cooperate.
Author: Haiyan Xu Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319776703 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 463
Book Description
This cutting-edge book presents the theory and practice of the Graph Model for Conflict Resolution (GMCR), which is used for strategically investigating disputes in any field to enable informed decision making. It clearly explains how GMCR can determine what is the best a particular decision maker (DM) can independently achieve in dynamic interaction with others. Moves and counter-moves follow various stability definitions reflecting human behavior under conflict. The book defines a wide range of preference structures to represent a DM’s comparisons of states or scenarios: equally preferred, more or less preferred; unknown; degrees of strength of preference; and hybrid. It vividly describes how GMCR can ascertain whether a DM can fare even better by cooperating with others in a coalition. The book portrays how a conflict can evolve from the status quo to a desirable resolution, and provides a universal design for a decision support system to implement the innovative decision technologies using the matrix formulation of GMCR. Further, it illustrates the key ideas using real-world conflicts and supplies problems at the end of each chapter. As such, this highly instructive book benefits teachers, mentors, students and practitioners in any area where conflict arises.
Author: Isbandi Rukminto Adi Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1351819151 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 392
Book Description
The book contains essays on current issues in Social and Political Sciences, such as the issues of governance and social order; social development and community development; global challenges and inequality; civil society and social movement; IT-based community and social transformation; poverty alleviation and corporate social responsibility; and gender issues. Asia and the Pacifi c are the particular regions that the conference focuses on as they have become new centers of social and political development. Therefore, this book covers areas that have been traditionally known as the social and political areas such as communication studies, political studies, governance studies, criminology, sociology, social welfare, anthropology and international relations.
Author: Douglas M. Abrams Publisher: State University of New York Press ISBN: 0791494160 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 252
Book Description
This book analyzes the organizational interface between the public and higher education sectors as policy leaders experiment with cooperative strategies to optimize legislative appropriations, compete for organizational domain in vocational education, work together to manage a joint crisis posed by a popular tax revolt, and use the symbols of cooperation to build libraries in higher education. Focusing on the state of Utah, this micro-analysis of political relationships between policy elites—as conditioned by the organization rank and file—illuminates the political culture of upper echelon policymaking in education, focusing on the complex fabric of interests and contingencies that policymakers perceive and respond to in specific political circumstances. Abrams provides an in-depth, policy specific case-in-point of the political implications of a more competent state government presence in our public life. He draws perspectives from several research traditions in the social sciences to explain the dynamics of organizational competition and cooperation. The resulting analysis of state-level education politics is provocative and unconventional, and heightens our understanding of why the two education sectors must compete, and how they can cooperate.
Author: James Alt Publisher: Russell Sage Foundation ISBN: 1610440048 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 376
Book Description
What can the disciplines of political science and economics learn from one another? Political scientists have recently begun to adapt economic theories of exchange, trade, and competition to the study of legislatures, parties, and voting. At the same time, some of the most innovative and influential thinkers in economics have crossed the boundaries of their discipline to explore the classic questions of political science. Competition and Cooperation features six of these path-breaking scholars, all winners of the Nobel Prize for Economics, in a series of conversations with more than a dozen distinguished political scientists. The discussions analyze, adapt, and extend the Nobelists' seminal work, showing how it has carried over into political science and paved the way for fruitful cooperation between the two disciplines. The exchanges span all of the major conceptual legacies of the Nobel laureates: Arrow's formalization of the problems of collective decisions; Buchanan's work on constitutions and his critique of majority rule; Becker's theory of competition among interest groups; North's focus on insecure property rights and transaction costs; Simon's concern with the limits to rationality; and Selten's experimental work on strategic thinking and behavior. As befits any genuine dialogue, the traffic of ideas and experiences runs both ways. The Nobel economists have had a profound impact upon political science, but, in addressing political questions, they have also had to rethink many settled assumptions of economics. The standard image of economic man as a hyper-rational, self-interested creature, acting by and for for himself, bears only a passing resemblance to man as a political animal. Several of the Nobelists featured in this volume have turned instead to the insights of cognitive science and institutional analysis to provide a more recognizable portrait of political life. The reconsideration of rationality and the role of institutions,in economics as in politics, raises the possibility of a shared approach to individual choice and institutional behavior that gives glimmers of a new unity in the social sciences. Competition and Cooperation demonstrates that the most important work in both economics and political science reflects a marriage of the two disciplines.
Author: Robert M Stern Publisher: World Scientific ISBN: 9814468770 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 353
Book Description
Regulations and enforcement decisions that at first appear to have only a domestic impact can have substantial spillover effects on other nations' economies. Experience has shown time and again that there is no reason to expect that these effects are confined to jurisdictions at the same level of development. Governments on both sides of the Atlantic recognize this, yet their responses in many policy areas are not aligned — sometimes deliberately so. This creates a complex regulatory landscape that appears to be the product of both cooperation and competition, and which can only be fully understood by looking through a number of disciplinary lenses.Drawing on some of the best legal, economic and political science expertise from both sides of the Atlantic, as well as on the knowledge of officials and private practitioners with experience in both industrialized and developing countries, this timely book assesses the systemic, global implications of transatlantic regulatory cooperation and competition. Insights from thematic papers are integrated with those from sector-specific analyses, and a rich set of implications for policymakers, business and civil society is offered.
Author: Valerian J. Derlega Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 1483261077 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 471
Book Description
Cooperation and Helping Behavior: Theories and Research deals with theory and research with respect to positive forms of social behavior, with emphasis on cooperation and helping behavior. Topics covered include social values and rules of fairness; cognitive processes underlying cooperation; the effects of intergroup competition and cooperation on intragroup and intergroup relationships; and altruism and the problem of collective action. Comprised of 18 chapters, this book begins with an overview of theories and research on cooperation and helping behavior, followed by a discussion on the problem of interdependence within the context of interpersonal relations. Subsequent chapters deal with cognitive processes affecting cooperation; motivational and cognitive antecedents of cooperation; the effects of intergroup competition and cooperation on intragroup and intergroup relationships; and opportunities for gaining satisfactory solutions to conflict through negotiation. Social trap analogs of social dilemmas such as the energy crisis and overpopulation are also examined, together with altruism and the problem of collective action; justice-motive theory; arousal and cost-reward theory of bystander intervention; and the psychological aspects of receiving help. The final chapter considers types of psychological mechanisms underlying prosocial behavior and its development. This monograph will be of value to students and researchers in the field of psychology.
Author: S. Amari Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3642464661 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 460
Book Description
The human brain, wi th its hundred billion or more neurons, is both one of the most complex systems known to man and one of the most important. The last decade has seen an explosion of experimental research on the brain, but little theory of neural networks beyond the study of electrical properties of membranes and small neural circuits. Nonetheless, a number of workers in Japan, the United States and elsewhere have begun to contribute to a theory which provides techniques of mathematical analysis and computer simulation to explore properties of neural systems containing immense numbers of neurons. Recently, it has been gradually recognized that rather independent studies of the dynamics of pattern recognition, pattern format::ion, motor control, self-organization, etc. , in neural systems do in fact make use of common methods. We find that a "competition and cooperation" type of interaction plays a fundamental role in parallel information processing in the brain. The present volume brings together 23 papers presented at a U. S. -Japan Joint Seminar on "Competition and Cooperation in Neural Nets" which was designed to catalyze better integration of theory and experiment in these areas. It was held in Kyoto, Japan, February 15-19, 1982, under the joint sponsorship of the U. S. National Science Foundation and the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. Participants included brain theorists, neurophysiologists, mathematicians, computer scientists, and physicists. There are seven papers from the U. S.
Author: Herbert Kitschelt Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 9780521658904 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 474
Book Description
Examines democratic party competition in four post-communist polities in the 1990s. The work illustrates developments regarding different voter appeal of parties, patterns of voter representation, and dispositions to join other parties in alliances. Wider groups of countries are also compared.
Author: Douglas M. Abrams
Author: Haiyan Xu
Author: Isbandi Rukminto Adi
Author: Douglas M. Abrams
Author: James Alt
Author: Mark Arthur May
Author: Robert M Stern
Author: Valerian J. Derlega
Author: S. Amari
Author: Herbert Kitschelt