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Author: Ross Spence Publisher: ISBN: 9789013168242 Category : Languages : en Pages : 254
Book Description
"The Global Financial Crisis and the Covid-19 pandemic offer a vivid reminder that when leveraged financial institutions are forced to deleverage, margin levels rise, and deleveraging occurs. This, in turn, causes market participants to 'run' in advance of other market participants, who are motivated to do exactly the same thing. As a result, a vicious cycle emerges where lenders raise margin levels thereby demanding more financial collateral, forcing de-leveraging and more asset fire sales, eventually generating a downward leverage and liquidity spiral. The source of this instability is a recurring phenomenon involving the build-up of leverage that makes the economy particularly vulnerable to financial crises. 'Collateral Transactions in the EU Shadow Banking Sector' provides a pioneering in-depth analysis of the use of collateral transactions in the EU shadow banking sector. At the cross-section of finance, law and economics, this publication contains an accessible examination of the issue, adopting both a practical and theoretical perspective. In particular, the author argues for the introduction of more stringent margin measures to tame financial uncertainty by limiting leverage and dampen procyclicality. One plausible way to restrict leverage is to impose minimum margin regulation, which would ex-ante limit the amount of leverage a financial institution can obtain. The author proposes four complementary measures that would ultimately result in a harmonised legal and regulatory margin framework in the EU shadow banking sector."--
Author: Ross Spence Publisher: ISBN: 9789013168242 Category : Languages : en Pages : 254
Book Description
"The Global Financial Crisis and the Covid-19 pandemic offer a vivid reminder that when leveraged financial institutions are forced to deleverage, margin levels rise, and deleveraging occurs. This, in turn, causes market participants to 'run' in advance of other market participants, who are motivated to do exactly the same thing. As a result, a vicious cycle emerges where lenders raise margin levels thereby demanding more financial collateral, forcing de-leveraging and more asset fire sales, eventually generating a downward leverage and liquidity spiral. The source of this instability is a recurring phenomenon involving the build-up of leverage that makes the economy particularly vulnerable to financial crises. 'Collateral Transactions in the EU Shadow Banking Sector' provides a pioneering in-depth analysis of the use of collateral transactions in the EU shadow banking sector. At the cross-section of finance, law and economics, this publication contains an accessible examination of the issue, adopting both a practical and theoretical perspective. In particular, the author argues for the introduction of more stringent margin measures to tame financial uncertainty by limiting leverage and dampen procyclicality. One plausible way to restrict leverage is to impose minimum margin regulation, which would ex-ante limit the amount of leverage a financial institution can obtain. The author proposes four complementary measures that would ultimately result in a harmonised legal and regulatory margin framework in the EU shadow banking sector."--
Author: Mr.Zoltan Pozsar Publisher: International Monetary Fund ISBN: 1463927231 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 19
Book Description
The present way of thinking about financial intermediation does not fully incorporate the rise of asset managers as a major source of funding for banks through the shadow banking system. Asset managers are dominant sources of demand for non-M2 types of money and serve as source collateral ?mines' for the shadow banking system. Banks receive funding through the re-use of pledged collateral ?mined' from asset managers. Accounting for this, the size of the shadow banking system in the U.S. may be up to $25 trillion at year-end 2007 and $18 trillion at year-end 2010, higher than earlier estimates. In terms of policy, regulators will need to consider the re-use of pledged collateral when defining bank leverage ratios. Also, given asset managers' demand for non-M2 types of money, monitoring the shadow banking system will warrant closer attention well beyond the regulatory perimeter.
Author: Mr.Stijn Claessens Publisher: International Monetary Fund ISBN: 1475583583 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 37
Book Description
This note outlines the basic economics of the shadow banking system, highlights (systemic) risks related to it, and suggests implications for measurement and regulatory approaches.
Author: Marcia Stigum Publisher: McGraw Hill Professional ISBN: 0071508821 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 1202
Book Description
The Most Widely Read Work on the Subject _ Completely Updated to Cover the Latest Developments and Advances In Today's Money Market! First published in 1978, Stigum's Money Market was hailed as a landmark work by leaders of the financial, business, and investment communities. This classic reference has now been revised, updated, and expanded to help a new generation of Wall Street money managers and institutional investors. The Fourth Edition of Stigum's Money Market delivers an all-encompassing, cohesive view of the vast and complex money market...offers careful analyses of the growth and changes the market has undergone in recent years...and presents detailed answers to the full range of money market questions. Stigum's Money Market equips readers with: A complete overview of the large and ever-expanding money market arena Quick-access to every key aspect of the fixed-income market A thorough updating of information on the banking system Incisive accounts of money market fundamentals and all the key players In-depth coverage of the markets themselves, including federal funds, government securities, financial futures, Treasury bond and note futures, options, euros, interest rate swaps, CDs, commercial paper, and more Expert discussions of the Federal Reserve, the Internet and electronic trading, and the new roles of commercial banks and federal agencies This updated classic also includes hundreds of helpful new illustrations and calculations, together with an improved format that gives readers quick access to every major topic relating to the fixed-income market.
Author: Iris H.-Y. Chiu Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing ISBN: 1785362631 Category : Banking law Languages : en Pages : 475
Book Description
Research Handbook on Shadow Banking brings together a range of international experts to discuss shadow banking activities, the purposes they serve, the risks they pose to the financial system and implications for regulators and the regulatory perimeter. Including discussions specific to the UK, European Union, US, China and Singapore, this book offers high level and theoretical perspectives on shadow banking and regulatory risks, as well as more detailed explorations of specific markets in shadow banking.
Author: James Aitken Publisher: International Monetary Fund ISBN: 1455201839 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 17
Book Description
This paper examines the sizable role of rehypothecation in the shadow banking system. Rehypothecation is the practice that allows collateral posted by, say, a hedge fund to its prime broker to be used again as collateral by that prime broker for its own funding. In the United Kingdom, such use of a customer’s assets by a prime broker can be for an unlimited amount of the customer’s assets while in the United States rehypothecation is capped. Incorporating estimates for rehypothecation (and the associated re-use of collateral) in the recent crisis indicates that the collapse in non-bank funding to banks was sizable. We show that the shadow banking system was at least 50 percent bigger than documented so far. We also provide estimates from the hedge fund industry for the - churning - factor or re-use of collateral. From a policy angle, supervisors of large banks that report on a global consolidated basis may need to enhance their understanding of the off-balance sheet funding that these banks receive via rehypothecation from other jurisdictions.
Author: Lance Taylor Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1136270876 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 427
Book Description
This volume brings together papers inspired by the work of Duncan Foley, an extraordinarily productive economist who has made seminal contributions to a wide variety of areas. Foley’s work cannot be easily classified, but one thread that runs through it is a critical examination (along both ethical and analytical lines) of conventional neoclassical economic theory, particularly involving general equilibrium theories of value and money. Foley was a pioneer of complexity economics as well, which adopts approaches to these questions drawn from natural sciences, so the collection therefore has an interdisciplinary quality that will interest a wide variety of readers. Some of the chapters are intellectual biographies that contextualize and identify Foley’s contributions to Keynesian macroeconomics, Marxian value theory, and complexity theory in economics. The topics covered include the economics of complexity; the ethics of general equilibrium theory; the economics of climate change; applications of Keynesian, Marxian and Ricardian political economy; and money and financial crises. The collection should be useful to scholars who work in various economic traditions critical of the currently dominant free-market approach, but it also speaks to scholars of critical theory in various disciplines beyond economics such as the mathematicians, physicists, and other natural scientists who are interested in understanding the complexity of social processes using their analytical frameworks. This book should also appeal to graduate students in economics who are working in these traditions, as well as scholars (including current graduate students in orthodox programs) who are dissatisfied with the current state of economic theory and would like to satisfy their intellectual curiosity by sampling the contributions of critical theorists.
Author: Tobias Adrian Publisher: International Monetary Fund ISBN: 1484343883 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 47
Book Description
Variants of nonbank credit intermediation differ greatly. We provide a conceptual framework to help distinguish various characteristics—structural features, economic motivations, and risk implications—associated with different forms of nonbank credit intermediation. Anchored by this framework, we take stock of the evolution of shadow banking and the extent of its transformation into market-based finance since the global financial crisis. In light of the substantial regulatory and supervisory responses of recent years, we highlight key areas of progress while drawing attention to elements where work still needs to be done. Case studies of policy challenges arising in different jurisdictions are also discussed. While many of the amplification forces that were at play during the global financial crisis have diminished, the post-crisis reform agenda is not yet complete, and policy makers must remain attentive to new challenges looming on the horizon.
Author: Ross Spence
Author: Ross Spence
Author: 
Author: R.A. Spence
Author: Mr.Zoltan Pozsar
Author: Mr.Stijn Claessens
Author: Marcia Stigum
Author: Iris H.-Y. Chiu
Author: James Aitken
Author: Lance Taylor
Author: Tobias Adrian