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Author: Austin Dean Publisher: Cornell University Press ISBN: 1501752421 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 264
Book Description
In the late nineteenth century, as much of the world adopted some variant of the gold standard, China remained the most populous country still using silver. Yet China had no unified national currency; there was not one monetary standard but many. Silver coins circulated alongside chunks of silver and every transaction became an "encounter of wits." China and the End of Global Silver, 1873–1937 focuses on how officials, policy makers, bankers, merchants, academics, and journalists in China and around the world answered a simple question: how should China change its monetary system? Far from a narrow, technical issue, Chinese monetary reform is a dramatic story full of political revolutions, economic depressions, chance, and contingency. As different governments in China attempted to create a unified monetary standard in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, the United States, England, and Japan tried to shape the direction of Chinese monetary reform for their own benefit. Austin Dean argues convincingly that the Silver Era in world history ended owing to the interaction of imperial competition in East Asia and the state-building projects of different governments in China. When the Nationalist government of China went off the silver standard in 1935, it marked a key moment not just in Chinese history but in world history.
Author: Austin Dean Publisher: Cornell University Press ISBN: 1501752421 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 264
Book Description
In the late nineteenth century, as much of the world adopted some variant of the gold standard, China remained the most populous country still using silver. Yet China had no unified national currency; there was not one monetary standard but many. Silver coins circulated alongside chunks of silver and every transaction became an "encounter of wits." China and the End of Global Silver, 1873–1937 focuses on how officials, policy makers, bankers, merchants, academics, and journalists in China and around the world answered a simple question: how should China change its monetary system? Far from a narrow, technical issue, Chinese monetary reform is a dramatic story full of political revolutions, economic depressions, chance, and contingency. As different governments in China attempted to create a unified monetary standard in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, the United States, England, and Japan tried to shape the direction of Chinese monetary reform for their own benefit. Austin Dean argues convincingly that the Silver Era in world history ended owing to the interaction of imperial competition in East Asia and the state-building projects of different governments in China. When the Nationalist government of China went off the silver standard in 1935, it marked a key moment not just in Chinese history but in world history.
Author: Michael Zachary Publisher: CreateSpace ISBN: 9781508408215 Category : Antiques & Collectibles Languages : en Pages : 74
Book Description
The definitive English-language guide to the general issue ten cash and one fen coins of the Republic of China issued 1912 to 1948. Covers 162 varieties, as compared to the 49 varieties in the Standard Catalog of World Coins and the 125 varieties in A.M. Tracey Woodward's guide. Do you have the five varieties of Y-301? The eight varieties of Y-302? The five varieties of Y-303? The sixteen varieties of Y-306.2? The nine varieties of Y-307? Are you confused by the descriptions in the Standard Catalog and Woodward's guide? The detailed text and photographs in this guide, which meticulously describes all of the general issue ten cash and one fen varieties, will end your uncertainty.
Author: Allan Baillie Publisher: Penguin Group Australia ISBN: 1742283829 Category : Juvenile Fiction Languages : en Pages : 193
Book Description
'Dad was not here. The three of us were now two, but Dad's last adventure did not have to be over. Not as long as there was someone around to keep it going...' Leah travels across China with her mum, in search of long lost relatives and the answer to an ancient mystery. Grieving for her father, she feels increasingly distanced from her mother. But soon the unfolding terror of Tiananmen Square will draw mother and daughter back together in the most drastic way possible.
Author: Heinz Gratzer Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN: 9781542995474 Category : Languages : en Pages : 272
Book Description
This detailed study deals with the rich and beautiful early round coinage of China. The book catalogues the coins cast during the three centuries between the appearance of the uninscribed Huanqian bronze coins of Wei State in ca.400 BC and the introduction of Wu Zhus by the Western Han Emperor Wudi in 118 BC. The first half of this book covers the diverse and very popular archaic round coins of the many Warring States. The second half deals with one of the most famous ancient coins - the Ban Liangs of the Qin State, Qin dynasty and Western Han dynasty. Ban Liangs were first cast in the early 4th century BC by the Dukes of Qin State, with many hundreds of varieties cast through the Qin Imperial period (221-207 BC) and the Western Han dynasty (206 BC - AD 9). They were finally demonetized in 118 BC and replaced by the popular Wu Zhus. Immense numbers of coins were produced for over 250 years without any changes in the legend, so they can be identified only by size, weight and style. The study of Ban Liangs remains a very popular and active area of numismatic research, but this research is complicated and generally unavailable to non-Chinese speakers. The information given in this book is based on the most recent available data, and will hopefully provide a useful guide to English-speaking collectors and students of early Chinese coinage.
Author: Jin Xu Publisher: Yale University Press ISBN: 0300258275 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 385
Book Description
A thousand-year history of how China’s obsession with silver influenced the country’s financial well-being, global standing, and political stability This revelatory account of the ways silver shaped Chinese history shows how an obsession with “white metal” held China back from financial modernization. First used as currency during the Song dynasty in around 900 CE, silver gradually became central to China’s economic framework and was officially monetized in the middle of the Ming dynasty during the sixteenth century. However, due to the early adoption of paper money in China, silver was not formed into coins but became a cumbersome “weighing currency,” for which ingots had to be constantly examined for weight and purity—an unwieldy practice that lasted for centuries. While China’s interest in silver spurred new avenues of trade and helped increase the country’s global economic footprint, Jin Xu argues that, in the long run, silver played a key role in the struggles and entanglements that led to the decline of the Chinese empire.
Author: Man-houng Lin Publisher: BRILL ISBN: 1684174384 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 394
Book Description
Many scholars have noted the role of China’s demand for silver in the emergence of the modern world. This book discusses the interaction of this demand and the early-nineteenth-century Latin American independence movements, changes in the world economy, the resulting disruptions in the Qing dynasty, and the transformation from the High Qing to modern China. Man-houng Lin shows how the disruption in the world’s silver supply caused by the turmoil in Latin America and subsequent changes in global markets led to the massive outflow of silver from China and the crisis of the Qing empire. During the first stage of this dynastic crisis, traditional ideas favoring plural centers of power became more popular than they ever had been. As the crisis developed, however, statist ideas came to the fore. Even though the Qing survived with the resumption of the influx of Latin American silver, its status relative to Japan in the East Asian order slipped. The statist inclination, although moderated to a degree in the modern period, is still ascendant in China today. These changes—Qing China’s near-collapse, the beginning of its eclipse by Japan in the East Asian order, and shifting notions of the proper relationship between state and market and between state and society—led to “China upside down.”
Author: Richard von Glahn Publisher: Univ of California Press ISBN: 0520917456 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 322
Book Description
The most striking feature of Wutong, the preeminent God of Wealth in late imperial China, was the deity’s diabolical character. Wutong was perceived not as a heroic figure or paragon but rather as an embodiment of greed and lust, a maleficent demon who preyed on the weak and vulnerable. In The Sinister Way, Richard von Glahn examines the emergence and evolution of the Wutong cult within the larger framework of the historical development of Chinese popular or vernacular religion—as opposed to institutional religions such as Buddhism or Daoism. Von Glahn’s study, spanning three millennia, gives due recognition to the morally ambivalent and demonic aspects of divine power within the common Chinese religious culture. Surveying Chinese religion from 1000 BCE to the beginning of the twentieth century, The Sinister Way views the Wutong cult as by no means an aberration. In Von Glahn’s work we see how, from earliest times, the Chinese imagined an enchanted world populated by fiendish fairies and goblins, ancient stones and trees that spring suddenly to life, ghosts of the unshriven dead, and the blood-eating spirits of the mountains and forests. From earliest times, too, we find in Chinese religious culture an abiding tension between two fundamental orientations: on one hand, belief in the power of sacrifice and exorcism to win blessings and avert calamity through direct appeal to a multitude of gods; on the other, faith in an all-encompassing moral equilibrium inhering in the cosmos.
Author: Helen Wang Publisher: British Museum Press ISBN: Category : Antiques & Collectibles Languages : en Pages : 108
Book Description
This publication brings together the results of metallurgical analysis on Chinese coins undertaken at the British Museum during the last 15 years. The largest project looked at the metal content of Chinese cash coins over a period of more than 2,000 years. Although the results of the survey were published in 1989, the full details of the survey and photographs of the coins tested are presented here for the first time, along with an introduction by Joe Cribb and comments by Michael Cowell. Since then, smaller metallurgical projects have been undertaken at the British Museum, looking at specific questions, such as the iron content of Song dynasty coins, the brass content of Qing dynasty coins, and the question of metal supply for Qing dynasty coins. The results of these projects are brought together here for ease of reference, and are presented in chronological order of the material examined. In the last decade, numismatists and scientists in China have also been looking at similar questions, using coins from archaeological sites. Zhou Weirong's new book, Chinese Coins: Alloy Composition and Metallurgical Research, is now available, and an English version of the introduction, postscript and contents pages are published here.
Author: Austin Dean
Author: Austin Dean
Author: Michael Zachary
Author: Yuquan Wang
Author: Allan Baillie
Author: Eduard Kann
Author: Heinz Gratzer
Author: Jin Xu
Author: Man-houng Lin
Author: Richard von Glahn
Author: Helen Wang