CO Oxidation on Palladium. 1. Combined Kinetic-Infrared Reflection Absorption Spectroscopic Study of Pd(100). PDF Download
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Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 6
Book Description
The oxidation of carbon monoxide on a Pd(100) single-crystal catalyst was studied using an elevated-pressure IR cell/ultrahigh vacuum surface analysis system. The kinetics of the reaction was followed by monitoring the total pressure change during the course of the reaction. Simultaneously, the surface concentration of adsorbed CO was measured using IR reflection absorption spectroscopy. An activation energy of 29.4 + or - 0.3 kcal/mol was found between 500 and 575 K at a total pressure of 1.50 Torr and CO/O2 = 2. The IR data obtained under reaction conditions show the CO coverage to vary between 0.45 and 0.55 monolayers (ML). For this coverage regime, the CO heat of adsorption was determined to be 29 + or - kcal/mol, corresponding closely to the apparent activation energy. Between 0.5 and 10.0 Torr, negative first-order CO and positive first-order oxygen pressure dependencies were measured, yielding a zero-order total pressure dependence of the reaction rate. No change in CO coverage was observed with a change in the oxygen pressure, while the CO coverage increased from 0.50 ML at P sub co = 0.50 Torr to 0.55 ML at P sub co = 8.0 Torr.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 6
Book Description
The oxidation of carbon monoxide on a Pd(100) single-crystal catalyst was studied using an elevated-pressure IR cell/ultrahigh vacuum surface analysis system. The kinetics of the reaction was followed by monitoring the total pressure change during the course of the reaction. Simultaneously, the surface concentration of adsorbed CO was measured using IR reflection absorption spectroscopy. An activation energy of 29.4 + or - 0.3 kcal/mol was found between 500 and 575 K at a total pressure of 1.50 Torr and CO/O2 = 2. The IR data obtained under reaction conditions show the CO coverage to vary between 0.45 and 0.55 monolayers (ML). For this coverage regime, the CO heat of adsorption was determined to be 29 + or - kcal/mol, corresponding closely to the apparent activation energy. Between 0.5 and 10.0 Torr, negative first-order CO and positive first-order oxygen pressure dependencies were measured, yielding a zero-order total pressure dependence of the reaction rate. No change in CO coverage was observed with a change in the oxygen pressure, while the CO coverage increased from 0.50 ML at P sub co = 0.50 Torr to 0.55 ML at P sub co = 8.0 Torr.
Author: Pascal Granger Publisher: MDPI ISBN: 303921179X Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 214
Book Description
Kinetics and reactor modeling for heterogeneous catalytic reactions are prominent tools for investigating and understanding catalyst functionalities at nanoscale and the related rates of complex reaction networks. This book illustrates some examples related to the transformation of simple to more complex feedstocks, including different types of reactor designs, i.e., steady-state, transient plug flow reactors, and TAP reactors for which there is sometimes a strong gap in the operating conditions from ultra-high-vacuum to high-pressure conditions. In conjunction, new methodologies have emerged, giving rise to more robust microkinetics models. As exemplified, they include the kinetics and the dynamics of the reactors and span a large range of length and time scales. The objective of this Special Issue is to provide contributions that can illustrate recent advances and novel methodologies for elucidating the kinetics of heterogeneous reactions and the necessary multiscale approach for optimizing the reactor design. This book is dedicated to postgraduate and scientific researchers, and experts in heterogeneous catalysis. It may also serve as a source of original information for the elaboration of lessons on catalysis for Master students.
Author: John H. Moore Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1003803288 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 986
Book Description
The Encyclopedia of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics introduces possibly unfamiliar areas, explains important experimental and computational techniques, and describes modern endeavors. The encyclopedia quickly provides the basics, defines the scope of each subdiscipline, and indicates where to go for a more complete and detailed explanation. Particular attention has been paid to symbols and abbreviations to make this a user-friendly encyclopedia. Care has been taken to ensure that the reading level is suitable for the trained chemist or physicist. The encyclopedia is divided in three major sections: FUNDAMENTALS: the mechanics of atoms and molecules and their interactions, the macroscopic and statistical description of systems at equilibrium, and the basic ways of treating reacting systems. The contributions in this section assume a somewhat less sophisticated audience than the two subsequent sections. At least a portion of each article inevitably covers material that might also be found in a modern, undergraduate physical chemistry text. METHODS: the instrumentation and fundamental theory employed in the major spectroscopic techniques, the experimental means for characterizing materials, the instrumentation and basic theory employed in the study of chemical kinetics, and the computational techniques used to predict the static and dynamic properties of materials. APPLICATIONS: specific topics of current interest and intensive research. For the practicing physicist or chemist, this encyclopedia is the place to start when confronted with a new problem or when the techniques of an unfamiliar area might be exploited. For a graduate student in chemistry or physics, the encyclopedia gives a synopsis of the basics and an overview of the range of activities in which physical principles are applied to chemical problems. It will lead any of these groups to the salient points of a new field as rapidly as possible and gives pointers as to where to read about the topic in more detail.
Author: Olaf Deutschmann Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 3527639888 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 364
Book Description
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2007 awarded to Gerhard Ertl for his groundbreaking studies in surface chemistry highlighted the importance of heterogeneous catalysis not only for modern chemical industry but also for environmental protection. Heterogeneous catalysis is seen as one of the key technologies which could solve the challenges associated with the increasing diversification of raw materials and energy sources. It is the decisive step in most chemical industry processes, a major method of reducing pollutant emissions from mobile sources and is present in fuel cells to produce electricity. The increasing power of computers over the last decades has led to modeling and numerical simulation becoming valuable tools in heterogeneous catalysis. This book covers many aspects, from the state-of-the-art in modeling and simulations of heterogeneous catalytic reactions on a molecular level to heterogeneous catalytic reactions from an engineering perspective. This first book on the topic conveys expert knowledge from surface science to both chemists and engineers interested in heterogeneous catalysis. The well-known and international authors comprehensively present many aspects of the wide bridge between surface science and catalytic technologies, including DFT calculations, reaction dynamics on surfaces, Monte Carlo simulations, heterogeneous reaction rates, reactions in porous media, electro-catalytic reactions, technical reactors, and perspectives of chemical and automobile industry on modeling heterogeneous catalysis. The result is a one-stop reference for theoretical and physical chemists, catalysis researchers, materials scientists, chemical engineers, and chemists in industry who would like to broaden their horizon and get a substantial overview on the different aspects of modeling and simulation of heterogeneous catalytic reactions.
Author: Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0128098945 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 5276
Book Description
Encyclopedia of Interfacial Chemistry: Surface Science and Electrochemistry, Seven Volume Set summarizes current, fundamental knowledge of interfacial chemistry, bringing readers the latest developments in the field. As the chemical and physical properties and processes at solid and liquid interfaces are the scientific basis of so many technologies which enhance our lives and create new opportunities, its important to highlight how these technologies enable the design and optimization of functional materials for heterogeneous and electro-catalysts in food production, pollution control, energy conversion and storage, medical applications requiring biocompatibility, drug delivery, and more. This book provides an interdisciplinary view that lies at the intersection of these fields. Presents fundamental knowledge of interfacial chemistry, surface science and electrochemistry and provides cutting-edge research from academics and practitioners across various fields and global regions
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Author: Olaf Deutschmann
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