Critical Thinking in Clinical Research PDF Download

Author: Felipe Fregni
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0199324492
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 537

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Book Description
Critical Thinking in Clinical Research explains the fundamentals of clinical research in a case-based approach. The core concept is to combine a clear and concise transfer of information and knowledge with an engagement of the reader to develop a mastery of learning and critical thinking skills. The book addresses the main concepts of clinical research, basics of biostatistics, advanced topics in applied biostatistics, and practical aspects of clinical research, with emphasis on clinical relevance across all medical specialties.

Author: George A. Morgan
Publisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 1135604533
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 377

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Book Description
Clinically oriented professionals and students need to understand and evaluate the research and statistics in professional articles, especially given today's emphasis on evidence-based practice. This book demonstrates how the research approach and design help determine the appropriate statistical analysis. Understanding and Evaluating Research in Applied and Clinical Settings features: *short, independent, chapters that do not have to be read in order; *a guide to understanding why a particular statistic was selected; *an emphasis on effects sizes including measures of risk potency; *numerous cross-disciplinary examples to illustrate the material; and *methods to help determine practical and clinical significance and their relation to meta-analysis and evidence-based practice. This book is intended for practitioners and students in psychology, education, counseling, mental and allied health, nursing, and medicine, and as a text for courses on understanding research methods and statistics.

Author: Ton J. Cleophas
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401595089
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 105

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Book Description
In 1948 the first randomized controlled trial was published by the English Medical Research Council in the British Medical Journal. Until then, observations had been uncontrolled. Initially, trials frequently did not confirm the hypotheses to be tested. This phenomenon was attributed to low sensitivity due to small samples, as well as inappropriate hypotheses based on biased prior trials. Additional flaws were recognized and, subsequently, were better accounted for: carryover effects due to insufficient washout from previous treatments, time effects due to external factors and the natural history of the condition under study, bias due to asymmetry between treatment groups, lack of sensitivity due to a negative correlation between treatment responses, and so on. Such flaws, mainly of a technical nature, have been largely corrected and led to trials after 1970 being of significantly higher quality. The past decade has focused, in addition to technical aspects, on the need for circumspection in the planning and conducting of clinical trials. As a consequence, prior to approval, clinical trial protocols are now routinely scrutinized by different circumstantial organs, including ethics committees, institutional and federal review boards, national and international scientific organizations, and monitoring committees charged with conducting interim analyses. This book not only explains classical statistical analyses of clinical trials, but also addresses relatively novel issues, including equivalence testing, interim analyses, sequential analyses, and meta-analyses, and provides a framework of the best statistical methods currently available for such purposes. This book is not only useful for investigators involved in the field of clinical trials, but also for all physicians who wish to better understand the data of trials as currently published.

Author: Gregory J. Boyle
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 387

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Book Description

Author: David Culliford
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030874109
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 249

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Book Description
This essential book details intermediate-level statistical methods and frameworks for the clinician and medical researcher with an elementary grasp of health statistics and focuses on selecting the appropriate statistical method for many scenarios. Detailed evaluation of various methodologies familiarizes readers with the available techniques and equips them with the tools to select the best from a range of options. The inclusion of a hypothetical case study between a clinician and statistician charting the conception of the research idea through to results dissemination enables the reader to understand how to apply the concepts covered into their day-to-day clinical practice. Applied Statistical Considerations for Clinical Researchers focuses on how clinicians can approach statistical issues when confronted with a medical research problem by considering the data structure, how this relates to their study's aims and any potential knock-on effects relating to the evidence required to make correct clinical decisions. It covers the application of intermediate-level techniques in health statistics making it an ideal resource for the clinician seeking an up-to-date resource on the topic.

Author: Alan E. Kazdin
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 9780195341881
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 452

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Book Description
Kazdin's text is a notable contrast to the quantitative methodology approach that pervades the biological and social sciences. The methodology in Single-Case Reasearch Designs focuses on a widely applicable methodology for evaluating interventions, such as treatment, or psychotherapy, using applied behavior anlaysis. However, this revision aims to encompass a broader range of research areas that utilize single-case designs. The text will convey the pertinence of this research methodology to disciplines ranging from psychology and medicine to business and industry. The first edition of this book, which was published in 1982, still sells a steady amount of copies today. The fact that professors continue to use the first edition of this book more than twenty years after it was published is a testament to the quality of information, organization, and narrative throughout the text. The possibility of a revision has professors excited that they can expose their students toa well-written, clear, and updated text that will reflect the current status of single-case research.

Author: Henry S. Roane
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128007931
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 682

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Book Description
Applied behavior analysts use applied research to create and implement effective evidence-based procedures in schools, homes, and the community, which have proved effective in addressing behaviors associated with autism and other developmental disorders. The principles underlying this therapeutic approach have been increasingly effective when applied to other populations, settings, and behaviors. Clinical and Organizational Applications of Applied Behavior Analysis explores data-based decision-making in depth to inform treatment selection for behavior change across various populations and contexts. Each chapter addresses considerations related to data collection, single-case research design methodology, objective decision-making, and visual inspection of data. The authors reference a range of published research methods in the area of applied behavior analysis (ABA) as it has been applied to specific topics, as well as utilizing their own clinical work by providing numerous case examples. Reviews current evidence-based practices to provide a comprehensive guide to the application of ABA principles across a range of clinical contexts and applications Divides clinical applications into three sections for ease-of-use: child, adult, and broad-based health Explores the breadth of ABA-based treatment beyond autism and developmental disorders Draws upon a range of subject-matter experts who have clinical and research experience across multiple uses of ABA

Author: Thakare, Anuradha Dheeraj
Publisher: IGI Global
ISBN: 1799877108
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 470

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Book Description
Currently, informatics within the field of public health is a developing and growing industry. Clinical informatics are used in direct patient care by supplying medical practitioners with information that can be used to develop a care plan. Intelligent applications in clinical informatics facilitates with the technology-based solutions to analyze data or medical images and help clinicians to retrieve that information. Decision models aid with making complex decisions especially in uncertain situations. The Handbook of Research on Applied Intelligence for Health and Clinical Informatics is a comprehensive reference book that focuses on the study of resources and methods for the management of healthcare infrastructure and information. This book provides insights on how applied intelligence with deep learning, experiential learning, and more will impact healthcare and clinical information processing. The content explores the representation, processing, and communication of clinical information in natural and engineered systems. This book covers a range of topics including applied intelligence, medical imaging, telehealth, and decision support systems, and also looks at technologies and tools used in the detection and diagnosis of medical conditions such as cancers, diabetes, heart disease, lung disease, and prenatal syndromes. It is an essential reference source for diagnosticians, medical professionals, imaging specialists, data specialists, IT consultants, medical technologists, academicians, researchers, industrial experts, scientists, and students.

Author: Valerie Maholmes
Publisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 1136988793
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 341

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Book Description
Developed for an NIH training institute, this volume is organized around the most frequently asked questions by researchers starting their careers in applied research in child and adolescent development. With contributions from the leading scholars in the field, actual research experiences highlight the challenges one faces in conducting such research. The techniques and theoretical frameworks most suitable for guiding the applied research process are reviewed along with related ethical and cultural considerations. Each chapter features the authors’ introduction to their own careers in applied research. Also included are practical tips, case studies, and sidebars featuring frequently asked questions. This practical resource provides tips on how to: Modify the most frequently used methodological techniques while maintaining the integrity of the data Manage the unpredictable nature of real world research Frame community relevant research questions in an academically acceptable way Secure funding to conduct applied research Disseminate the research results so as to have the greatest impact on policy and practice. The book opens with the most frequently asked questions, tips on getting started in an applied research career, and an overview of and theoretical framework for generating applied developmental research ideas. Section 2 focuses on research designs including the most frequently used methodological and measurement techniques and tips on how to modify them to applied settings. Ethical challenges and cultural issues in working with special populations are also addressed. Section 3 focuses on conducting applied research in school, community, and clinical settings with an emphasis on the challenges encountered when conducting actual research as opposed to the more controlled settings taught in a classroom. Guidelines for protecting the populations involved in the study and strategies for recruiting and retaining participants are also addressed. The book concludes with strategies for disseminating research findings so as to have the greatest impact on policy and practice, for publishing research, and for securing funding. Intended as a practical guide, this book is ideal for those just starting their careers in applied research, for students preparing their dissertations, and for the faculty who prepare these students. The book’s accessible approach also appeals to researchers in the behavioral, social, and health sciences, education, and those in government and industry.

Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264805907
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 447

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Book Description
This volume, developed by the Observatory together with OECD, provides an overall conceptual framework for understanding and applying strategies aimed at improving quality of care. Crucially, it summarizes available evidence on different quality strategies and provides recommendations for their implementation. This book is intended to help policy-makers to understand concepts of quality and to support them to evaluate single strategies and combinations of strategies.