Climate Change and Shift in Cropping Systems: from Cocoa to Maize Cropping System in Wenchi, Ghana PDF Download
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Author: M. Kermah Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 58
Book Description
This study was conducted to analyse the perceived changes in climate and the effects on changes in cropping systems in Wenchi. The objectives of the study were to provide a historical analysis of the current and past cropping systems, identify the key drivers responsible for the shift in the cropping systems and the adaptation strategies of the farmers and other relevant stakeholders. Semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions with were held with farmers. Stratified sampling was used for selecting respondents for the interviews and the focus group discussion. Interviews were also held with the Ministry of Food and Agriculture in Wenchi and the Forestry Services Division. The results show that indeed, there has been a shift from cocoa to maize based cropping systems with maize replacing cocoa as the main cash crop. It was also found that the shift was prompted by the decline in the yields of cocoa over the years which are likely due to the changes in rainfall even though other factors including vegetation, land tenure system and soil fertility might also play a role. It was also concluded that the subsequent difficulty in re-establishing cocoa after the 1983 bushfires may be due to the combined effect of changes in rainfall and the annual bushfires during the dry season. In terms of adaptation, it was found that all the stakeholders; farmers, MoFA and FSD are unable to do much about the observed changes in climate and the cropping systems.
Author: M. Kermah Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 58
Book Description
This study was conducted to analyse the perceived changes in climate and the effects on changes in cropping systems in Wenchi. The objectives of the study were to provide a historical analysis of the current and past cropping systems, identify the key drivers responsible for the shift in the cropping systems and the adaptation strategies of the farmers and other relevant stakeholders. Semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions with were held with farmers. Stratified sampling was used for selecting respondents for the interviews and the focus group discussion. Interviews were also held with the Ministry of Food and Agriculture in Wenchi and the Forestry Services Division. The results show that indeed, there has been a shift from cocoa to maize based cropping systems with maize replacing cocoa as the main cash crop. It was also found that the shift was prompted by the decline in the yields of cocoa over the years which are likely due to the changes in rainfall even though other factors including vegetation, land tenure system and soil fertility might also play a role. It was also concluded that the subsequent difficulty in re-establishing cocoa after the 1983 bushfires may be due to the combined effect of changes in rainfall and the annual bushfires during the dry season. In terms of adaptation, it was found that all the stakeholders; farmers, MoFA and FSD are unable to do much about the observed changes in climate and the cropping systems.
Author: Alexander Lotsch Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: Category : Agriculture Languages : en Pages : 33
Book Description
The detailed analysis of current cropping areas in Africa presented here reveals significant climate sensitivities of cropland density and distribution across a variety of agro-ecosystems. Based on empirical climate-cropland relationships, cropland density responds positively to increases in precipitation in semi-arid and arid zones of the sub-tropics and warmer temperatures in higher elevations. As a result, marginal increases in seasonal precipitation lead to denser cropping areas in arid and semi-arid regions. Warmer temperatures, on the other hand, tend to decrease the probability of cropping in most parts of Africa (the opposite is true for increases in rainfall and decreases in temperatures relative to current conditions). Despite discrepancies and uncertainties in climate model output, the analysis suggests that cropland area in Africa is likely to decrease significantly in response to transient changes in climate. The continent is expected to have lost on average 4.1 percent of its cropland by 2039, and 18.4 percent is likely to have disappeared by the end of the century. In some regions of Africa the losses in cropland area are likely to occur at a much faster rate, with northern and eastern Africa losing up to 15 percent of their current cropland area within the next 30 years or so. Gains in cropland area in western and southern Africa due to projected increases in precipitation during the earlier portions of the century will be offset by losses later on. In conjunction with existing challenges in the agricultural sector in Africa, these findings demand sound policies to manage existing agricultural lands and the productivity of cropping systems.
Author: Charles Yamoah Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing ISBN: 9783844391046 Category : Languages : en Pages : 60
Book Description
Key concerns in Africa are: 1) recurrent famine due to uncertain rainfall patterns, 2) poor crop yield resulting from low soil fertility and 3) poverty. Examples of climate-induced problems in some African countries namely Niger, The Gambia, Cameroon, Mali, Senegal, Ghana and Rwanda are cited. Research data show that the impact of weather variability on crop yield can be mitigated. People, livestock, and plants live and die on the planet and atmospheric CO2 and greenhouse gases continue to rise, regardless of location. Farmer-affordable technologies to mitigate effects of these problems have been demonstrated and are discussed here. Our emphasis is on soil and crop management after land-use change; therefore, our findings are supported by data on moisture conservation, fertilizer and manure applications, agroforestry, soil carbon, residue management, water balance, cropping systems and risk analysis from specific sites in Africa. Integrated pest management as influenced by variability in climate with respect to rice, cocoa and coffee has also been reviewed. This review seeks to inform researchers, policy-makers, extension agents, students and farmers on some mitigation strategies.
Author: Polly Hill Publisher: LIT Verlag Münster ISBN: 9783825830854 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 332
Book Description
The economic and social organisation of Ghanaian cocoa-farming is very complex, reflecting differences in population density, land tenure, accessibility, soil fertility and other factors. The 'small peasant', with his two or three acre farms, is one type of farmer, and it has always been supposed that it was he who created the world's largest cocoa-growing industry. The migration of southern Ghanaian cocoa-farmers, which has been proceeding since the 1890s, was not known to have occurred; and this study shows that it was the migrant, not the 'peasant', who was the real innovator. This migrant has scarcely been mentioned in the literature. Author Polly Hill now gives a full account of his migration, 'one of the great events in the recent economic history of Africa south of the Sahara'. The migrant farmer, who rather resembles a 'capitalist' than a 'peasant', buys land (or inherits it from those who bought before him) and conventionally uses the proceeds from one cocoa land to purchase others. It is now possible with the aid of farm-maps to study the whole migratory process, with its changing pattern of land ownership, over more than half a century. The results are revealing. The conventional notion that it was only recently that West Africans began to engage in large-scale economic enterprises is shown to be false. One of the main contentions of this book is that the migrant farmer has been remarkably responsive to economic ends. It is further shown that there is no incompatibility between this kind of enterprise and the continuance of traditional forms of social organisation: nor is there evidence that the enterprising individual found himself hampered by the demands made on him by members of his lineage. In analysing and recording the details of the migratory process, Dr. Hill has made an important contribution to the economic history of West Africa. Besides the economists and economic historians for whom the book is primarily intended, it should be studied by lawyers, geographers, social anthropologists, and all concerned with problems of underdevelopment.
Author: Alexander Lotsch Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
The detailed analysis of current cropping areas in Africa presented here reveals significant climate sensitivities of cropland density and distribution across a variety of agro-ecosystems. Based on empirical climate-cropland relationships, cropland density responds positively to increases in precipitation in semi-arid and arid zones of the sub-tropics and warmer temperatures in higher elevations. As a result, marginal increases in seasonal precipitation lead to denser cropping areas in arid and semi-arid regions. Warmer temperatures, on the other hand, tend to decrease the probability of cropping in most parts of Africa (the opposite is true for increases in rainfall and decreases in temperatures relative to current conditions). Despite discrepancies and uncertainties in climate model output, the analysis suggests that cropland area in Africa is likely to decrease significantly in response to transient changes in climate. The continent is expected to have lost on average 4.1 percent of its cropland by 2039, and 18.4 percent is likely to have disappeared by the end of the century. In some regions of Africa the losses in cropland area are likely to occur at a much faster rate, with northern and eastern Africa losing up to 15 percent of their current cropland area within the next 30 years or so. Gains in cropland area in western and southern Africa due to projected increases in precipitation during the earlier portions of the century will be offset by losses later on. In conjunction with existing challenges in the agricultural sector in Africa, these findings demand sound policies to manage existing agricultural lands and the productivity of cropping systems.
Author: Samiha A. H. Ouda Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9783319698793 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
This book provides state-of-the art analysis, never done before in Egypt, on agro-climatic zones level. This study deals with how the national cropping pattern can be modified to overcome abiotic stresses, such as water scarcity, induced salinity and climate change to reduce their negative effects on food production. To this end, different cropping patterns are suggested. This study can be a framework for other developing countries to be used in quantifying and filling the gap in their knowledge about practices that can help in increasing their food security through increasing food production. Furthermore, the study is useful for policy makers to help them in their future plans and policies.
Author: M. Kermah
Author: M. Kermah
Author: Alexander Lotsch
Author: Charles Yamoah
Author: 
Author: Polly Hill
Author: Bouba Traore
Author: Alexander Lotsch
Author: Martin Ruppenthal
Author: Samiha A. H. Ouda
Author: