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Author: Giancarlo Pepeu Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1468486438 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 964
Book Description
Every three years early Spring witnesses the convening of a small group of neuroscientists from many parts of the world. They are devoted to the study of acetylcholine, the oldest of the known neurotransmitters. To assess the level of knowledge, to take stock of the still unsolved problems, to evaluate the practical meaning of their findings, the cholinologists first met in 1969 in the eerie atmosphere of a snow-covered Swedish forest, the second in the Swiss Alps, the third facing the surf and foam of the Paci fic waves. Finally in March 1980 Florence, her trees burgeoning in the mild rain of March, confronted them with the temptation of her monuments and museums. But the cholinologists bravely dismis sed the temptations and went on with the presentations and discus sions of the many papers which form the present book. The papers describe the most recent development of investiga tions on acetylcholine. They open with an extensive coverage of the developmental and phylogenetic aspects of the cholinergic neurons. The regulation of acetylcholine synthesis, release, post synaptic, electrical and trophic effects in the peripheral chol inergic synapses including ganglia, neuromuscular junction, myen theric plexus and heart is then covered. Special emphasis is given to the cholinergic mechanisms in the eye.
Author: Giancarlo Pepeu Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1468486438 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 964
Book Description
Every three years early Spring witnesses the convening of a small group of neuroscientists from many parts of the world. They are devoted to the study of acetylcholine, the oldest of the known neurotransmitters. To assess the level of knowledge, to take stock of the still unsolved problems, to evaluate the practical meaning of their findings, the cholinologists first met in 1969 in the eerie atmosphere of a snow-covered Swedish forest, the second in the Swiss Alps, the third facing the surf and foam of the Paci fic waves. Finally in March 1980 Florence, her trees burgeoning in the mild rain of March, confronted them with the temptation of her monuments and museums. But the cholinologists bravely dismis sed the temptations and went on with the presentations and discus sions of the many papers which form the present book. The papers describe the most recent development of investiga tions on acetylcholine. They open with an extensive coverage of the developmental and phylogenetic aspects of the cholinergic neurons. The regulation of acetylcholine synthesis, release, post synaptic, electrical and trophic effects in the peripheral chol inergic synapses including ganglia, neuromuscular junction, myen theric plexus and heart is then covered. Special emphasis is given to the cholinergic mechanisms in the eye.
Author: Abel Lajtha Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1489918817 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 560
Book Description
This volume is concerned with the enzymes of the nervous system. Cerebral enzymes form the basis of the functional brain. They are needed for the control of the energetics of the nervous system, whether it be their release or their direction; for the elaboration of transmitters and for their destruction; for the synthesis, transport, and breakdown of all metabolites of the nervous system. They are indispensable for the control of the multitude of factors that govern our thinking and our behavior. They make it possible for us to comprehend what is taking place around us and perhaps to understand what may be in store for us. Enzymes are the stuff of life, and no living cell can be without them. They are the results of many millions of years of evolution, from the time when biological membranes first came into being and were folded to produce the first cells within which the earliest enzymes were wrought. Countless changes have taken place within them, so that, now, only those enzymes exist that play specific roles in the functions of the living cells of today. Those in the nervous system possess a mUltiple role: in the creation, maintenance, and ultimate breakdown of the component cells and in enabling consciousness, perception, memory, and thought to become possible. But though life may go on forever, the enzymes that make life possible will undergo the many changes involved in the evolutionary process.
Author: Israel Hanin Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1468451944 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 1242
Book Description
This book incorporates the proceedings of the Fifth International Cholinergic Conference, which took place in Oglebay Park, West Vir ginia, USA, on October 30th to November 4th, 1983. A scenic forty five minute ride from the City of Pittsburgh, surrounded by champion ship golf courses, luxurious woods and a picturesque lake, Oglebay provided relaxed and beautiful surroundings, conducive to contem plation, stimulating discussions and, thought-provoking scientific sessions. Over 160 individuals from allover the world participated in the sessions. The meeting was sub-divided into oral presentations, round table discussions and poster sessions, and centered upon ten key topics of cholinergic relevance (see Table of Contents). Following in the tradition of the four International Conferences which had preceded this one, the Conference featured the most up to-date developments in the area of cholinergic mechanisms, and provided for ample and productive discussion of new fields and di rections in this area. Moreover, both senior investigators in the field as well as recent newcomers to this sphere of investigation participated in the proceedings. This book, touches on a wide array of mechanisms and applications - from the preclinical to the clinical level. It should thus be useful as a comprehensive resource, with the cholinergic system as a focal hub. The Conference could not have been as successful as it turned out to be, without the support of a number of important contributors.
Author: Earl Usdin Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 1483190315 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 565
Book Description
Biological Markers in Psychiatry and Neurology is a collection of papers that details the advancement in the understanding of the biological markers that stems from psychiatric and neurological pathologies. The text first covers topics about various biological markers, such as neurochemical, enzymatic, membrane, receptors, endocrine, and physiological. Next, the selection examines the relationship between alcohol abuse and biological papers. The next part covers the genetic aspects of biological markers. The text also deals with use of tomography and modeling theory. The book will be of great use to students, researchers, and practitioners of neurology and psychiatry. Psychologists will also benefit from the text.
Author: BUTCHER Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1461598435 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 375
Book Description
JAMES L. MCGAUGH Understanding of the nature and functions of neurotransmitter systems in the brain has increased enormously in recent decades. Lack of knowledge required us, not too long ago, to use the adjective "putative" when discussing transmitters. Such caution is no longer essential (at least for a number of transmitters). Impressive progress has been achieved in understanding the pharmacology, biochemistry and anatomy of transmitter systems. There has, however, been relatively less progress in understanding the functioning of brain transmitters in regulating and mediating behavior. A simple and certainly correct explanation for this is, of course, that understanding of neurotransmitter functions requires prior detailed knowledge of basic pharmacology, biochemistry and anatomy. Beyond that, it now seems likely that progress in understanding the functions of brain neurotransmitters will proceed only as we examine the interactions of neurotransmitter systems in regulating behavioral functions. This premise is, of course, suggested by the findings of studies of the chemical neuroanatomy of the brain: Neurotransmitter systems are influenced by other neurotransmitter systems and, in tum, influence the same as well as other systems. No system works alone. The chapters in this book explicitly examine the interactions of neurotransmitter systems involved in the regulation of cognitive processes. The facts and interpretations offered provide compelling support for the premise that cognitive processes are orchestrated by interactions among neurotransmitter systems. And, they offer promise that understanding of such interactions will be of critical importance in the develop ment of treatments for brain diseases affecting cognitive functioning.
Author: JUCKER Publisher: Birkhäuser ISBN: 3034891547 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 540
Book Description
In the first years of the existence of this series of monographs, during the so-called "Golden Age" of drug research, the majority of the pa pers published were mainly concerned with the traditional domains of drug research, namely chemistry, pharmacology, toxicology and pre clinical investigations. The series' aim was to give coverage to impor tant areas of research, to introduce new active substances with thera peutic potential and to call attention to unsolved problems. This objective has not changed. The table of contents of the present volume makes evident, however, that the search for new medicines has become increasingly complex, and additional, new disciplines have entered the research arena. The series now includes reviews on bio chemical, biological, immunological, physiological and medicinal aspects of drug research. Researchers actively engaged in the various scientific fields forming the entity of drug research can benefit from the wealth of knowledge and experience of the respective authors, and will be assisted in their endeavour to discover new pharmaceutical agents. Those simply wanting to keep abreast of new developments in the complex, multi-discipline science can turn to the "Progress in Drug Research" volumes as an almost encyclopaedic source of information without having to consult the innumerable original publications. Volume 32 contains 12 reviews, a subject index, an index for the close to 400 articles published in the series so far, and an author and titles index for all 32 volumes.
Author: Abel Lajtha Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1468445685 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 683
Book Description
A major advance in the biological sciences in the past decade has been the biochemical identification of cell membrane receptors. The existence of re ceptor substances on the surface of cells that recognize and bind to extracellular molecules was proposed at the beginning of the century by the pharmacologist and immunologist Paul Ehrlich and the physiologist J. N. Langley. Since then, receptors have been found to play an important role in numerous physiological and pathological processes. Over the years many attempts have been made to physically isolate and chemically characterize receptors, but because of the receptors' extremely low concentration and membrane localization, these ef forts have met with limited success. Yet, despite the failure to characterize receptor substances, the concept of the presence of such molecules has had considerable heuristic value. Using pharmacological, physiological, and im munologic approaches, researchers have identified several specific receptors, e. g. , a-and ~-adrenergic, nicotinic and muscarinic cholinergic, and histami nergic. With the characterization of various types of receptors on cell mem branes, many drugs were developed that proved to be experimentally and ther apeutically useful. It was only in the early 1970s that methods for the specific measurement, chemical characterization, and physical isolation of cell membrane receptors were developed. These advances were made possible by the availability of ligands with high specific radioactivity that retained their biological activity and of experimental procedures that differentiated between specific and non specific binding of ligands.
Author: Israel Hanin Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1475719337 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 200
Book Description
Recently, there has been tremendous scientific interest in the role of phospholipids and particularly phosphatidylcholine (lecithin) in a variety of biological processes. These include the involvement of phosphatidylcholine in biological membranes, as a component of plasma lipoprotein, as a transporter of choline in the body, and also as a "reserve", and possibly only source of unesterified choline. Moreover, numerous clinical studies have recently been conducted, to evaluate the possible uses of externally supplied lecithin in the treatment of some intractible neuropsychiatric disorders (e.g. tardive dyski.nesia, Alzheimer's disease, etc.) and other conditions (e.g. hypercholesteremia). Results to date are encouraging, yet equivocal. This is due, in part, to the fact that the field of phospholipid methodology is highly complex. There is much confusion in the literature, and many ambiguities still remain in the interpretation of experimental findings. This is particularly so for phenomena involving phospholipid function in the central nervous system. This book incorporates the proceedings of the Fourth International Colloquium on Lecithin, which took place in Chicago, Illinois, USA, on September 15-17, 1986. The purpese of this colloquium was to review, in a comprehensive manner, basic principles as weli as current information about the technology, biochemistry, physiology and therapeutic potential of lecithin. Over 108 individuals from all over the world participated in the sessions. The meeting was subdivided into oral presentations and panel discussions (see Table of Contents). It was sponsored and financed by the Lucas Meyer GmbH (Hamburg), for which the editors are most grateful.
Author: Giancarlo Pepeu
Author: Giancarlo Pepeu
Author: Abel Lajtha
Author: Israel Hanin
Author: Akademii͡a nauk SSSR.
Author: Earl Usdin
Author: BUTCHER
Author: JUCKER
Author: Abel Lajtha
Author: 
Author: Israel Hanin