Author: Robert E. Lucas
Publisher: U of Minnesota Press
ISBN: 1452908281
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 335
Book Description
Assumptions about how people form expectations for the future shape the properties of any dynamic economic model. To make economic decisions in an uncertain environment people must forecast such variables as future rates of inflation, tax rates, governme.
Rational Expectations and Econometric Practice
Author: Robert E. Lucas
Publisher: U of Minnesota Press
ISBN: 1452908281
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 335
Book Description
Assumptions about how people form expectations for the future shape the properties of any dynamic economic model. To make economic decisions in an uncertain environment people must forecast such variables as future rates of inflation, tax rates, governme.
Publisher: U of Minnesota Press
ISBN: 1452908281
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 335
Book Description
Assumptions about how people form expectations for the future shape the properties of any dynamic economic model. To make economic decisions in an uncertain environment people must forecast such variables as future rates of inflation, tax rates, governme.
Causality in Macroeconomics
Author: Kevin D. Hoover
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521002882
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 330
Book Description
First published in 2001, Causality in Macroeconomics addresses the long-standing problems of causality while taking macroeconomics seriously. The practical concerns of the macroeconomist and abstract concerns of the philosopher inform each other. Grounded in pragmatic realism, the book rejects the popular idea that macroeconomics requires microfoundations, and argues that the macroeconomy is a set of structures that are best analyzed causally. Ideas originally due to Herbert Simon and the Cowles Commission are refined and generalized to non-linear systems, particularly to the non-linear systems with cross-equation restrictions that are ubiquitous in modern macroeconomic models with rational expectations (with and without regime-switching). These ideas help to clarify philosophical as well as economic issues. The structural approach to causality is then used to evaluate more familiar approaches to causality due to Granger, LeRoy and Glymour, Spirtes, Scheines and Kelly, as well as vector autoregressions, the Lucas critique, and the exogeneity concepts of Engle, Hendry and Richard.
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521002882
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 330
Book Description
First published in 2001, Causality in Macroeconomics addresses the long-standing problems of causality while taking macroeconomics seriously. The practical concerns of the macroeconomist and abstract concerns of the philosopher inform each other. Grounded in pragmatic realism, the book rejects the popular idea that macroeconomics requires microfoundations, and argues that the macroeconomy is a set of structures that are best analyzed causally. Ideas originally due to Herbert Simon and the Cowles Commission are refined and generalized to non-linear systems, particularly to the non-linear systems with cross-equation restrictions that are ubiquitous in modern macroeconomic models with rational expectations (with and without regime-switching). These ideas help to clarify philosophical as well as economic issues. The structural approach to causality is then used to evaluate more familiar approaches to causality due to Granger, LeRoy and Glymour, Spirtes, Scheines and Kelly, as well as vector autoregressions, the Lucas critique, and the exogeneity concepts of Engle, Hendry and Richard.
Actual Causality
Author: Joseph Y. Halpern
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262035022
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 240
Book Description
Explores actual causality, and such related notions as degree of responsibility, degree of blame, and causal explanation. The goal is to arrive at a definition of causality that matches our natural language usage and is helpful, for example, to a jury deciding a legal case, a programmer looking for the line of code that cause some software to fail, or an economist trying to determine whether austerity caused a subsequent depression.
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262035022
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 240
Book Description
Explores actual causality, and such related notions as degree of responsibility, degree of blame, and causal explanation. The goal is to arrive at a definition of causality that matches our natural language usage and is helpful, for example, to a jury deciding a legal case, a programmer looking for the line of code that cause some software to fail, or an economist trying to determine whether austerity caused a subsequent depression.
Rational Bubbles
Author: Matthias Salge
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642591817
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 270
Book Description
3 On the Economic Relevance of Rational Bubbles 79 3. 1 Capital markets . . . . . . . . . 80 3. 1. 1 Efficient capital markets 86 3. 1. 2 Rational bubbles on capital markets. 93 3. 1. 3 Economic caveats . 103 3. 2 Foreign exchange markets 109 3. 3 Hyperinflation. . . . . . . 117 4 On Testing for Rational Bubbles 123 4. 1 Indirect tests . . . . . . . . . 123 4. 1. 1 Variance bounds tests 124 4. 1. 2 Specification tests . . . 137 4. 1. 3 Integration and cointegration tests 140 4. 1. 4 Final assessment of indirect tests . 150 4. 1. 5 A digression: Charemza, Deadman (1995) analysis. 151 4. 2 Direct tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157 4. 2. 1 Deterministic bubble in German hyperinflation. 158 4. 2. 2 Intrinsic bubbles on stock markets. 163 4. 2. 3 An econometric caveat . . . . . 168 4. 2. 4 Final assessment of direct tests 172 5 On the Explanatory Power of Rational Bubbles on the G- man Stock Market 175 5. 1 Data . . . . . . . 175 5. 2 Direct test for rational bubbles 181 5. 2. 1 Temporary Markovian bubbles. 184 5. 2. 2 Temporary intrinsic bubbles . . 193 ix 5. 2. 3 Permanent intrinsic bubbles 198 5. 3 A digression: Testing for unit roots 204 6 Concluding Remarks 215 A Results 221 A. 1 Temporary markovian bubbles. 221 A. 2 Temporary intrinsic bubbles . . 225 A. 3 Permanent intrinsic bubbles - Class 1 to 2 229 A. 4 Permanent intrinsic bubbles - Class 3 to 6 230 A. 5 Integration tests. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642591817
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 270
Book Description
3 On the Economic Relevance of Rational Bubbles 79 3. 1 Capital markets . . . . . . . . . 80 3. 1. 1 Efficient capital markets 86 3. 1. 2 Rational bubbles on capital markets. 93 3. 1. 3 Economic caveats . 103 3. 2 Foreign exchange markets 109 3. 3 Hyperinflation. . . . . . . 117 4 On Testing for Rational Bubbles 123 4. 1 Indirect tests . . . . . . . . . 123 4. 1. 1 Variance bounds tests 124 4. 1. 2 Specification tests . . . 137 4. 1. 3 Integration and cointegration tests 140 4. 1. 4 Final assessment of indirect tests . 150 4. 1. 5 A digression: Charemza, Deadman (1995) analysis. 151 4. 2 Direct tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157 4. 2. 1 Deterministic bubble in German hyperinflation. 158 4. 2. 2 Intrinsic bubbles on stock markets. 163 4. 2. 3 An econometric caveat . . . . . 168 4. 2. 4 Final assessment of direct tests 172 5 On the Explanatory Power of Rational Bubbles on the G- man Stock Market 175 5. 1 Data . . . . . . . 175 5. 2 Direct test for rational bubbles 181 5. 2. 1 Temporary Markovian bubbles. 184 5. 2. 2 Temporary intrinsic bubbles . . 193 ix 5. 2. 3 Permanent intrinsic bubbles 198 5. 3 A digression: Testing for unit roots 204 6 Concluding Remarks 215 A Results 221 A. 1 Temporary markovian bubbles. 221 A. 2 Temporary intrinsic bubbles . . 225 A. 3 Permanent intrinsic bubbles - Class 1 to 2 229 A. 4 Permanent intrinsic bubbles - Class 3 to 6 230 A. 5 Integration tests. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cycles, Growth and Structural Change
Author: Lionello F Punzo
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1134530013
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 415
Book Description
This volume gathers together key new contributions on the subject of the relationship, both empirical and theoretical, between economic oscillations, growth and structural change. Employing a sophisticated level of mathematical modelling, the collection contains articles from, amongst others, William Baumol, Katsuhito Iwai and William Brock.
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1134530013
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 415
Book Description
This volume gathers together key new contributions on the subject of the relationship, both empirical and theoretical, between economic oscillations, growth and structural change. Employing a sophisticated level of mathematical modelling, the collection contains articles from, amongst others, William Baumol, Katsuhito Iwai and William Brock.
Analysing the Structure of Economic Models
Author: J.P. Ancot
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400960980
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 259
Book Description
Understanding the structure of a large econometric model is rather like the art of winetasting or like the art of playing a musical instrument. The quality of a wine results from a complex combination of various elements such as its colour which should be clear and crystalline, its smell which can be decomposed into a general aroma and a variety of particular characteristics, more or less persistent depending on the type and the age of the wine, its taste, of course, which again is a complex system whose equilibrium and charm depend on the whole set of ingredients: alcohol, tannin, glycerine, sugar, acidity . . . Similarly, a clarinetist's musicianship depends on the quality of his instrument, on his embouchure, fingering, tonguing and articu lation techniques, on his sense for rhythm, phasing and tone colour. However, the enchantment produced by a Romanee-Conti or by a brilliant performance of Brahm's F minor sonata for clarinet and piano arises from a process which is at the same time time much simpler and much more complex than the straightforward juxtaposition of individual causal relations. In recent years econometricians and macro-economists have been challenged by the problem of keeping abreast with an ever increasing number of increasingly more complex large econometric models. The necessity of developing systematic analytical tools to study the often implicit and hidden structure of these models has become more evident.
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400960980
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 259
Book Description
Understanding the structure of a large econometric model is rather like the art of winetasting or like the art of playing a musical instrument. The quality of a wine results from a complex combination of various elements such as its colour which should be clear and crystalline, its smell which can be decomposed into a general aroma and a variety of particular characteristics, more or less persistent depending on the type and the age of the wine, its taste, of course, which again is a complex system whose equilibrium and charm depend on the whole set of ingredients: alcohol, tannin, glycerine, sugar, acidity . . . Similarly, a clarinetist's musicianship depends on the quality of his instrument, on his embouchure, fingering, tonguing and articu lation techniques, on his sense for rhythm, phasing and tone colour. However, the enchantment produced by a Romanee-Conti or by a brilliant performance of Brahm's F minor sonata for clarinet and piano arises from a process which is at the same time time much simpler and much more complex than the straightforward juxtaposition of individual causal relations. In recent years econometricians and macro-economists have been challenged by the problem of keeping abreast with an ever increasing number of increasingly more complex large econometric models. The necessity of developing systematic analytical tools to study the often implicit and hidden structure of these models has become more evident.
Mechanism and Causality in Biology and Economics
Author: Hsiang-Ke Chao
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400724543
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 256
Book Description
This volume addresses fundamental issues in the philosophy of science in the context of two most intriguing fields: biology and economics. Written by authorities and experts in the philosophy of biology and economics, Mechanism and Causality in Biology and Economics provides a structured study of the concepts of mechanism and causality in these disciplines and draws careful juxtapositions between philosophical apparatus and scientific practice. By exploring the issues that are most salient to the contemporary philosophies of biology and economics and by presenting comparative analyses, the book serves as a platform not only for gaining mutual understanding between scientists and philosophers of the life sciences and those of the social sciences, but also for sharing interdisciplinary research that combines both philosophical concepts in both fields. The book begins by defining the concepts of mechanism and causality in biology and economics, respectively. The second and third parts investigate philosophical perspectives of various causal and mechanistic issues in scientific practice in the two fields. These two sections include chapters on causal issues in the theory of evolution; experiments and scientific discovery; representation of causal relations and mechanism by models in economics. The concluding section presents interdisciplinary studies of various topics concerning extrapolation of life sciences and social sciences, including chapters on the philosophical investigation of conjoining biological and economic analyses with, respectively, demography, medicine and sociology.
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400724543
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 256
Book Description
This volume addresses fundamental issues in the philosophy of science in the context of two most intriguing fields: biology and economics. Written by authorities and experts in the philosophy of biology and economics, Mechanism and Causality in Biology and Economics provides a structured study of the concepts of mechanism and causality in these disciplines and draws careful juxtapositions between philosophical apparatus and scientific practice. By exploring the issues that are most salient to the contemporary philosophies of biology and economics and by presenting comparative analyses, the book serves as a platform not only for gaining mutual understanding between scientists and philosophers of the life sciences and those of the social sciences, but also for sharing interdisciplinary research that combines both philosophical concepts in both fields. The book begins by defining the concepts of mechanism and causality in biology and economics, respectively. The second and third parts investigate philosophical perspectives of various causal and mechanistic issues in scientific practice in the two fields. These two sections include chapters on causal issues in the theory of evolution; experiments and scientific discovery; representation of causal relations and mechanism by models in economics. The concluding section presents interdisciplinary studies of various topics concerning extrapolation of life sciences and social sciences, including chapters on the philosophical investigation of conjoining biological and economic analyses with, respectively, demography, medicine and sociology.
The Oxford Handbook of Philosophy of Economics
Author: Harold Kincaid
Publisher: Oxford Handbooks Online
ISBN: 0195189256
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 689
Book Description
This volume is the first comprehensive, cohesive, and accessible reference source to the philosophy of economics, presenting important new scholarship by top scholars.
Publisher: Oxford Handbooks Online
ISBN: 0195189256
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 689
Book Description
This volume is the first comprehensive, cohesive, and accessible reference source to the philosophy of economics, presenting important new scholarship by top scholars.
Economic Theory and Social Change
Author: Hasse Ekstedt
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1136948821
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 325
Book Description
This book is a discourse on modelling Man in a social context. Its focus is on economic main-stream theory in its capacity to handle basic problems such as uncertainty, social dynamics and ethics. The point of departure is a systematic critique of the specific methodology of economics and its axiomatic structure. The ultimate aim is to develop an economic theory for a socially sustainable society. Economic Theory and Social Change analyses the foundation of economic market theory in relation to its social implications. On rejecting the axiomatic structure of the market theory Hasse Ekstedt and Angelo Fusari analyse the concept of growth and uncertainty with respect to a more realistic modelling of man, The book also addresses central political problems and their potential solutions, including permanent unemployment, distribution of income, the interaction of real and financial growth, money and the credit system. In seeking objective values to help to obtain a socially sustainable society, the book traces a tentative revision of economic and social thought based on a deepening of some crucial features of modern economies and societies. These features include innovation, the connected flows of uncertainty, entrepreneurship, and their role in fuelling and characterizing economic growth and development. This book will be of interest to postgraduate students and researchers of Economics, particularly to those focussing on Economic Theory and Political Economy.
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1136948821
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 325
Book Description
This book is a discourse on modelling Man in a social context. Its focus is on economic main-stream theory in its capacity to handle basic problems such as uncertainty, social dynamics and ethics. The point of departure is a systematic critique of the specific methodology of economics and its axiomatic structure. The ultimate aim is to develop an economic theory for a socially sustainable society. Economic Theory and Social Change analyses the foundation of economic market theory in relation to its social implications. On rejecting the axiomatic structure of the market theory Hasse Ekstedt and Angelo Fusari analyse the concept of growth and uncertainty with respect to a more realistic modelling of man, The book also addresses central political problems and their potential solutions, including permanent unemployment, distribution of income, the interaction of real and financial growth, money and the credit system. In seeking objective values to help to obtain a socially sustainable society, the book traces a tentative revision of economic and social thought based on a deepening of some crucial features of modern economies and societies. These features include innovation, the connected flows of uncertainty, entrepreneurship, and their role in fuelling and characterizing economic growth and development. This book will be of interest to postgraduate students and researchers of Economics, particularly to those focussing on Economic Theory and Political Economy.
Structural Rationality and Other Essays on Practical Reason
Author: Julian Nida-RĂ¼melin
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319955071
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 140
Book Description
In this book, the author shows that it is necessary to enrich the conceptual frame of the theory of rational choice beyond consequentialism. He argues that consequentialism as a general theory of rational action fails and that this does not force us into the dichotomy teleology vs deontology. The unity of practical reason can be saved without consequentialism. In the process, he presents insightful criticism of standard models of action and rational choice. This will help readers discover a new perspective on the theory of rationality. The approach is radical: It transcends the reductive narrowness of instrumental rationality without denying its practical impact. Actions do exist that are outlined in accordance to utility maximizing or even self-interest maximizing. Yet, not all actions are to be understood in these terms. Actions oriented around social roles, for example, cannot count as irrational only because there is no known underlying maximizing heuristic. The concept of bounded rationality tries to embed instrumental rationality into a form of life to highlight limits of our cognitive capabilities and selective perceptions. However, the agent is still left within the realm of cost-benefit-reasoning. The idea of social preferences or meta-preferences cannot encompass the plurality of human actions. According to the author they ignore the plurality of reasons that drive agency. Hence, they coerce agency in fitting into a theory that undermines humanity. His theory of structural rationality acknowledges lifeworld patterns of interaction and meaning.
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319955071
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 140
Book Description
In this book, the author shows that it is necessary to enrich the conceptual frame of the theory of rational choice beyond consequentialism. He argues that consequentialism as a general theory of rational action fails and that this does not force us into the dichotomy teleology vs deontology. The unity of practical reason can be saved without consequentialism. In the process, he presents insightful criticism of standard models of action and rational choice. This will help readers discover a new perspective on the theory of rationality. The approach is radical: It transcends the reductive narrowness of instrumental rationality without denying its practical impact. Actions do exist that are outlined in accordance to utility maximizing or even self-interest maximizing. Yet, not all actions are to be understood in these terms. Actions oriented around social roles, for example, cannot count as irrational only because there is no known underlying maximizing heuristic. The concept of bounded rationality tries to embed instrumental rationality into a form of life to highlight limits of our cognitive capabilities and selective perceptions. However, the agent is still left within the realm of cost-benefit-reasoning. The idea of social preferences or meta-preferences cannot encompass the plurality of human actions. According to the author they ignore the plurality of reasons that drive agency. Hence, they coerce agency in fitting into a theory that undermines humanity. His theory of structural rationality acknowledges lifeworld patterns of interaction and meaning.