Author: Paul A. VadolaPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 1186
Book Description
C-H Bonds as Ubiquitous Functionality
Author: Paul A. VadolaActivation and Functionalization of C-H Bonds
Author: Karen I. GoldbergPublisher: ACS Symposium
ISBN: 9780841238497
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Activation and Functionalization of C-H Bonds explores recent developments in the reaction chemistry of solution-phase transition-metal based systems with simple hydrocarbons and with more complex organic molecules. More than 20 internationally leading research groups contributed to this volume, and their chapters cover such topics as fundamental theoretical and mechanistic studies of C-H bond activation by metal complexes, catalytic systems for alkane functionalization, and new applications in synthetic organic chemistry. An introductory chapter offers an overview of stoichiometric and catalytic reactions of C-H bonds with transition metal complexes. The C-H bond is the most widespread linkage in organic chemistry, present in virtually every organic molecule. Unfortunately, C-H bonds are famously resistant to selective chemical transformations. The development of methods for their selective transformations has enormous potential value in fields ranging from the chemistry of fuels (for example, the conversion of methane to methanol) to the synthesis of the most complex organic molecules.
Activation and Catalytic Reactions of Saturated Hydrocarbons in the Presence of Metal Complexes
Author: A.E. ShilovPublisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9781402004209
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 556
Book Description
hemistry is the science about breaking and forming of bonds between atoms. One of the most important processes for organic chemistry is breaking bonds C–H, as well as C–C in various compounds, and primarily, in hydrocarbons. Among hydrocarbons, saturated hydrocarbons, alkanes (methane, ethane, propane, hexane etc. ), are especially attractive as substrates for chemical transformations. This is because, on the one hand, alkanes are the main constituents of oil and natural gas, and consequently are the principal feedstocks for chemical industry. On the other hand, these substances are known to be the less reactive organic compounds. Saturated hydrocarbons may be called the “noble gases of organic chemistry” and, if so, the first representative of their family – methane – may be compared with extremely inert helium. As in all comparisons, this parallel between noble gases and alkanes is not fully accurate. Indeed the transformations of alkanes, including methane, have been known for a long time. These reactions involve the interaction with molecular oxygen from air (burning – the main source of energy!), as well as some mutual interconversions of saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons. However, all these transformations occur at elevated temperatures (higher than 300–500 °C) and are usually characterized by a lack of selectivity. The conversion of alkanes into carbon dioxide and water during burning is an extremely valuable process – but not from a chemist viewpoint.
Chelation-assisted Palladium-catalyzed Activation of C-H Bonds
Author: Ramesh GiriPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Catalysis
Languages : en
Pages : 1280
Book Description
Carbon-hydrogen (C-H) bonds are ubiquitous in organic molecules. Utilization of such abundant chemical moieties as functional group equivalents could shorten route to synthetic targets and provide chemists with new disconnections in retrosynthesis. As such regio- and stereoselective functionalization of unactivated C-H bonds has remained one of the major challenges in organic chemistry. The majority of the transition metals have been rigorously examined for their efficacy in transforming unactivated C-H bonds (pKa >35) into useful functional groups or into C-C bonds. Among those metals, palladium is particularly effective in activating both aromatic (sp2) and aliphatic (sp3) C-H bonds. This thesis explores the reactivity of palladium catalysts in both of these areas. The research herein was conducted using directing groups for C-H cleavage with special focus on utilizing simple functionality such as carboxylic acids. Chapter one details different types of directing groups and their utility in a variety of reactions. Chapters two and three contain details of research on C-heteroatom (C-I and C-O) and C-C bond formation, respectively, with palladium acetate as a catalyst. The iodination and acetoxylation reactions proceed under mild conditions and moderate to excellent levels of diastereoselectivity (up to 99.9%) have been observed with both sp2 and sp3 C-H bonds using oxazoline as the directing group. Mechanistic investigations have been carried out in order to understand the high level of stereoselection and, in this process, a number of palladacycle intermediates have been characterized by X-ray crystallography which led us to assign the absolute stereochemistry of C-H activation. Moreover, the iodination protocol could also be extended to prepare diiodides as intermediates for cyclopropanation which provides a new disconnection approach to construct cyclopropanes. Chapter two discusses C-C bond formation via cross-coupling reactions with organoboron reagents and carbon monoxide using the carboxylic acids as the directing group. Detailed mechanistic investigation along with characterization of intermediate palladacycle formed from sodium toluate have revealed an unprecendented directing ability of carboxylate groups in which the carbonyl oxygen, rather than the O-anion, directs palladium for C-H cleavage.
Efficiency in Natural Product Total Synthesis
Author: Pei-Qiang HuangPublisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118940210
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 512
Book Description
Uniting the key organic topics of total synthesis and efficient synthetic methodologies, this book clearly overviews synthetic strategies and tactics applied in total synthesis, demonstrating how the total synthesis of natural products enables scientific and drug discovery. • Focuses on efficiency, a fundamental and important issue in natural products synthesis that makes natural product synthesis a powerful tool in biological and pharmaceutical science • Describes new methods like organocatalysis, multicomponent and cascade reactions, and biomimetic synthesis • Appeals to graduate students with two sections at the end of each chapter illustrating key reactions, strategies, tactics, and concepts; and good but unfinished total synthesis (synthesis of core structure) before the last section • Compiles examples of solid phase synthesis and continuing flow chemistry-based total synthesis which are very relevant and attractive to industry R&D professionals
Remote C-H Bond Functionalizations
Author: Debabrata MaitiPublisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527346678
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 450
Book Description
A guide to contemporary advancements in the field of distal C-H functionalizations An important and dynamic topic within the modern field of organic synthesis, selective functionalization of C-H bonds can be used in a variety of applications across the pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries. Remote C-H Bond Functionalizations presents an inclusive account of the most recent developments and potential applications of performing variegated functionalizations selectively at the distal positions of organic compounds. Featuring contributions by an international team of experts, this authoritative volume provides deep insight into distal functionalizations, including detailed discussion of mechanisms, the engineering of templates, and the design of strategies. The text covers a diverse range of topics including C-H functionalization of palladium/norbornene catalysis, ruthenium-catalyzed remote functionalization, the non-directed distal C(sp2)-H, functionalization, transition metal catalyzed distal para-selective C-H functionalization, and much more. Reviewing contemporary advancements in the field while laying the foundation for future research, this important resource: Provides the most recent research and thorough coverage of the subject available in a single volume Offers practical information on C-H functionalizations in various industries Includes an up-to-date introduction to distal C-H functionalizations Remote C-H Bond Functionalizations is a must-read for every synthetic chemist, including chemists working with organometallics, organic chemists and researchers, and industrial chemists.
Oxidative Cross-Coupling Reactions
Author: Aiwen LeiPublisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527681019
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 240
Book Description
The first handbook on this emerging field provides a comprehensive overview of transition metal-catalyzed coupling reactions in the presence of an oxidant. Following an introduction to the general concept and mechanism of this reaction class, the team of authors presents chapters on C-C cross-coupling reactions using organometallic partners, C-Heteroatom bond forming reactions via oxidative couplings, and C-H couplings via C-H activation. The text also covers such groundbreaking topics as recent achievements in the fields of C-C and C-X bond formation reactions as well as C-H activation involving oxidative couplings. With its novel and concise approach towards important building blocks in organic chemistry and its focus on synthetic applications, this handbook is of great interest to all synthetic chemists in academia and industry alike.
Arene Chemistry
Author: Jacques MortierPublisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118754980
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 992
Book Description
Organized to enable students and synthetic chemists to understand and expand on aromatic reactions covered in foundation courses, the book offers a thorough and accessible mechanistic explanation of aromatic reactions involving arene compounds. • Surveys methods used for preparing arene compounds and their transformations • Connects reactivity and methodology with mechanism • Helps readers apply aromatic reactions in a practical context by designing syntheses • Provides essential information about techniques used to determine reaction mechanisms
Comprehensive Organic Synthesis
Author: Publisher: Newnes
ISBN: 008097743X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 9815
Book Description
The second edition of Comprehensive Organic Synthesis—winner of the 2015 PROSE Award for Multivolume Reference/Science from the Association of American Publishers—builds upon the highly respected first edition in drawing together the new common themes that underlie the many disparate areas of organic chemistry. These themes support effective and efficient synthetic strategies, thus providing a comprehensive overview of this important discipline. Fully revised and updated, this new set forms an essential reference work for all those seeking information on the solution of synthetic problems, whether they are experienced practitioners or chemists whose major interests lie outside organic synthesis. In addition, synthetic chemists requiring the essential facts in new areas, as well as students completely new to the field, will find Comprehensive Organic Synthesis, Second Edition, Nine Volume Set an invaluable source, providing an authoritative overview of core concepts. Winner of the 2015 PROSE Award for Multivolume Reference/Science from the Association of American Publishers Contains more than170 articles across nine volumes, including detailed analysis of core topics such as bonds, oxidation, and reduction Includes more than10,000 schemes and images Fully revised and updated; important growth areas—including combinatorial chemistry, new technological, industrial, and green chemistry developments—are covered extensively
Oxidation of C-H Bonds
Author: Wenjun LuPublisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119092515
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 524
Book Description
A combination of oxidation methods and C‒H bond functionalization, this book emphasizes mechanistic understanding and critical analysis of synthetic reactions to offer a guide or manual for practicing chemists. • Combines oxidation methods and C‒H bond functionalization, two of the most important aspects of organic synthesis • Deals with C‒H bonds, an area of dynamic and continuous research across chemistry and catalysis • Helps readers understand the fundamental and applied differences among various oxidation methods and reactions • Covers mechanistic details, conditions, oxidation reagents, and practical aspects of different reactions