Author: Frank S. ConklinPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Burning of land
Languages : en
Pages : 68
Book Description
Burning Grass Seed Fields in Oregon's Willamette Valley
Author: Frank S. ConklinPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Burning of land
Languages : en
Pages : 68
Book Description
Grass Seed Acreage Response to Policies Concerning Field Burning
Author: Larry GiardinaPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Burning of land
Languages : en
Pages : 152
Book Description
This research analyzed the relationships of agricultural field burning policies, and other economic factors, with the quantity of land devoted to grass seed production in counties of the Willamette Valley, Oregon. The thesis describes the background of the grass seed industry, field burning and government policies concerning field burning in the Willamette Valley. Econometric models of acreage response to grass seed prices, prices of production alternatives, field burning limitations, and burning fees were developed for eight grass seed crops. A technique of pooling time-series and cross-sectional data was used to estimate the parameters of the models. Expost predictions of acreages were made for the purposes of model verification. The estimated parameters are discussed and some explanations are offered for the relationships.
Costs of alternative pollution control policies affecting open field burning in the Willamette Valley of Oregon
Author: Jagjit Singh BrarPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Air
Languages : en
Pages : 236
Book Description
Open field burning is the lowest-cost method of harvest residue disposal used extensively by grass seed producers in the Willamette Valley of Oregon. The beneficial effects of open field burning include effective disease control and increased seed yields. However, smoke produced by open burning in the late summer pollutes valley air, reduces visibility, and possibly poses traffic and health hazards. The growing concern among Oregon citizenry coupled with increased national interest in environmental quality has led Oregon authorities to legislate controls on open field burning. However, such controls by changing resource allocation in Oregon's seed industry would impose costs upon society. The major objective of this study was to estimate costs of three alternative field burning control policies in terms of the changes in consumers' surplus and producers' rents associated with each policy. To accomplish this objective an econometric model of demand and supply relationships for the six grass seeds raised in the Willamette Valley was developed. To establish a reasonable range for policy-induced changes in consumers' surplus and producers' rents, three alternative supply situations were postulated, and costs of grass seed production under each policy were assumed to increase by $5.00, $9.00, and $13.00 per acre, respectively. Supply situation I assumed positively-sloped Oregon and non-Oregon supply curves whereas situation II assumed a perfectly inelastic Oregon supply curve and a positively-sloped non-Oregon supply curve. Supply situation III postulated a perfectly elastic non-Oregon and a positively-sloped Oregon supply curve. In supply situation I, depending upon policy and assumed increase in costs of seed production, the relative decrease in consumers' surplus varied from 3 to 15 percent at national level when aggregated over all six grass seeds. Oregon producers' rents were predicted to decline by 4 to 20 percent. The increases in non-Oregon rents under each policy and assumed cost increase were only about 20 percent of the losses in Oregon rents. Consequently, the relative decreases in the sum of consumers' surplus and producers' rents (Oregon and non-Oregon) were approximately equal to the decreases in consumers' surplus. Since under supply situation II and III seed prices remained unchanged, only changes in Oregon producers' rents needed estimation. Decreases in Oregon rents in situation II were 6 to 12 percent smaller than in situation I. In contrast, the results for supply situation III suggested that, other things equal, the greater the responsiveness of non-Oregon supplies to price, the greater the losses in Oregon producers' rents. To provide additional perspective on the possible economic impacts of regulating open field burning, changes in earnings in grass seed production were translated into changes in the value of agricultural land now in seed production in the Willamette Valley. To accomplish this objective, the relative decreases in seed production earnings were estimated for supply situations I and II, and a model of the determinants of Willamette Valley grass seed land values was developed. The model predicted that land values in the Willamette Valley would typically decline by approximately two to nine percent depending upon the type of controls imposed on open field burning and the associated cost increase. Although the methodological approach followed in this study is traditional, new measurement techniques are employed to estimate changes in the economic well-being of grass seed producers in Oregon. Furthermore, the extension of partial welfare analysis to predict the effects of Oregon's regulatory policies on the well-being of non-Oregon producers also distinguishes the findings of this study from those of other studies with similar methodological approaches.
Field Burning in the Willamette Valley
Author: Mark Richard OggelPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Burning of land
Languages : en
Pages : 96
Book Description
Research on the Health Effects of Open Field Burning in Oregon's Willamette Valley
Author: Oregon. Department of Environmental QualityPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Air
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Open Field Burning in the Willamette Valley
Author: An economic analysis of farms producing grass seed in the Willamette Valley, with special attention to the cultural practice of field burning
Author: Douglas Earl FisherPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Pasture research
Languages : en
Pages : 177
Book Description
Grass seed producers in Oregon's Willamette Valley have employed the cultural practice of post-harvest open field burning since the mid-1940's for purposes of field sanitation and crop residue disposal This practice creates environmental quality problems of air pollution during the late summer Recent public concern over the valley's environmental quality has focused attention on the grass seed industry, resulting in measures passed by the 1971 state legislature to ban open field burning in Oregon by January 1, 1975. Several economic issues are raised by the prospect of field burning curtailment. These include identification of: (1) alternatives to open burning, and their associated costs; (2) income effects resulting from possible increases in production costs, reduction in seed yields and changes in seed quality; (3) possible loss of comparative advantage now enjoyed by Willamette Valley farmers; and, (4) possible organizational adjustments by farm operators including prospects for increased farm size and reduced farm numbers. This thesis is designed as a base study to provide descriptive information and an economic rationale as necessary precursors for evaluating possible and probable' economic consequences of a burning ban to the grass seed industry. The Willamette Valley was separated into five seed-production regions, based on soil characteristics and urban.influences. A ten percent random sample was drawn from the population of farm operators raising grass seed. Major grass seed types studied include Highland bentgrass, Kentucky bluegrass, fine fescue, tall fescue, orchard grass, annual ryegrass, and perennial ryegrass. Descriptive data includes farm family characteristics, income sources, age, family labor, farm organization, and resource returns. Analysis of data identified wide variability in resource use. A significant component involved large differences in operating costs for machinery, labor, fertilizer, and chemicals within each seed type. This suggests internal adjustments in resource use efficiency and cost management are necessary for high-cost farms to survive in the short run regardless of whether or not a burning ban threat exists. Some farms are successfully competing now and will continue to do so with limited operating resource adjustments. Orchardgrass and Kentucky bluegrass generally provided highest net returns, while ryegrasses earned lowest returns of the seven seed types, suggesting some adjustment opportunities for substitution between seed types. Inter-enterprise adjustments will be determined by the number of grass seed crops, other non-grass crops, and livestock choices available. Cost advantages of complementary enterprises were evident, with adjustments in this direction determined by market accessibility, soil limitations, and managerial constraints. These limitations suggest limited adjustment, in general, toward non-grass and livestock enterprise choices. Pronounced cost advantages occurred to farms over 300 acres in size, suggesting that long run adjustments will likely include farm enlargement and reduction of farm numbers. Farm location, topography, -, and proximity to urban areas are also expected to affect direction and magnitude of adjustments. Farms in Region 1, Clackamas and Multnomah counties, faced with topography limitations and urban pressures, will likely shift resources to more intensive . farm and non-farm uses. Linn, Benton, and Lane county grass seed producers are expected to intensify specialization in grass seed production with an increase in average farm size. In Washington and Yamhill counties where grass seed production serves primarily as complementary and/or supplementary enterprises, the trend toward production of proprietary grass seed varieties is expected. In Polk and Marion counties where soil and topographical characteristics dominate resource use and enterprise choices, probable adjustment impacts are less obvious and are expected to vary widely from farm to farm. Imposition of a burning ban, felt primarily in the form of increased production costs, will undoubtedly hasten the farm organizational adjustments specified above.
Agricultural Field Burning in the Willamette Valley
Author: Oregon State University. Air Resources CenterPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agriculture
Languages : en
Pages : 38
Book Description
Summary of the 1996 Field Burning Season
Author: Consulting Engineers' Report to the Oregon Field Burning Committee for the Year 1974
Author: F. Glen OdellPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Burning of land
Languages : en
Pages : 52
Book Description