Author: A. Harry KlopfPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Brain
Languages : en
Pages : 84
Book Description
Brain Function and Adaptive Systems
Author: A. Harry KlopfThe Mind, The Brain And Complex Adaptive Systems
Author: Harold J. MorowitzPublisher: Routledge
ISBN: 0429961316
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 248
Book Description
Based upon a conference held in May 1993, this book discusses the intersection of neurobiology, cognitive psychology and computational approaches to cognition.
Brain Function and Adaptive Systems
Author: A. Harry KlopfPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Brain
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
A new theory of intelligent adaptive systems is proposed. The theory provides a single unifying framework within which the neurophysiological, psychological, and sociological properties of living adaptive systems can be understood. Furthermore, the theory offers a new basis for the synthesis of machines possessing adaptive intelligence. The proposed theory is of a heterostatic type. That is to say, it is a theory which assumes that living adaptive systems seek, as their primary goal, a maximal condition (heterostasis), rather than assuming that the primary goal is a steadystate condition (homeostasis). It is further assumed that the heterostatic nature of animals, including man, derives from the heterostatic nature of neurons. The postulate that the neuron is a heterostat (that is, a maximizer) is a generalization of a more specific postulate, namely, that the neuron is a hedonist. This latter postulate is interpreted strictly in terms of physical variables, yielding the heterostatic neuronal model that is the basis for the detailed development of the theory.
Correlative Learning
Author: Zhe ChenPublisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0470171448
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 480
Book Description
Correlative Learning: A Basis for Brain and Adaptive Systems provides a bridge between three disciplines: computational neuroscience, neural networks, and signal processing. First, the authors lay down the preliminary neuroscience background for engineers. The book also presents an overview of the role of correlation in the human brain as well as in the adaptive signal processing world; unifies many well-established synaptic adaptations (learning) rules within the correlation-based learning framework, focusing on a particular correlative learning paradigm, ALOPEX; and presents case studies that illustrate how to use different computational tools and ALOPEX to help readers understand certain brain functions or fit specific engineering applications.
Dynamic Patterns
Author: J. A. Scott KelsoPublisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 9780262611312
Category : Behavior
Languages : en
Pages : 368
Book Description
foreword by Hermann Haken For the past twenty years Scott Kelso's research has focused on extending the physical concepts of self- organization and the mathematical tools of nonlinear dynamics to understand how human beings (and human brains) perceive, intend, learn, control, and coordinate complex behaviors. In this book Kelso proposes a new, general framework within which to connect brain, mind, and behavior.Kelso's prescription for mental life breaks dramatically with the classical computational approach that is still the operative framework for many newer psychological and neurophysiological studies. His core thesis is that the creation and evolution of patterned behavior at all levels--from neurons to mind--is governed by the generic processes of self-organization. Both human brain and behavior are shown to exhibit features of pattern-forming dynamical systems, including multistability, abrupt phase transitions, crises, and intermittency. Dynamic Patterns brings together different aspects of this approach to the study of human behavior, using simple experimental examples and illustrations to convey essential concepts, strategies, and methods, with a minimum of mathematics. Kelso begins with a general account of dynamic pattern formation. He then takes up behavior, focusing initially on identifying pattern-forming instabilities in human sensorimotor coordination. Moving back and forth between theory and experiment, he establishes the notion that the same pattern-forming mechanisms apply regardless of the component parts involved (parts of the body, parts of the nervous system, parts of society) and the medium through which the parts are coupled. Finally, employing the latest techniques to observe spatiotemporal patterns of brain activity, Kelso shows that the human brain is fundamentally a pattern forming dynamical system, poised on the brink of instability. Self-organization thus underlies the cooperative action of neurons that produces human behavior in all its forms.
Neural and Adaptive Systems
Author: José C. PrincipePublisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN:
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 680
Book Description
Develop New Insight into the Behavior of Adaptive Systems This one-of-a-kind interactive book and CD-ROM will help you develop a better understanding of the behavior of adaptive systems. Developed as part of a project aimed at innovating the teaching of adaptive systems in science and engineering, it unifies the concepts of neural networks and adaptive filters into a common framework. It begins by explaining the fundamentals of adaptive linear regression and builds on these concepts to explore pattern classification, function approximation, feature extraction, and time-series modeling/prediction. The text is integrated with the industry standard neural network/adaptive system simulator NeuroSolutions. This allows the authors to demonstrate and reinforce key concepts using over 200 interactive examples. Each of these examples is 'live,' allowing the user to change parameters and experiment first-hand with real-world adaptive systems. This creates a powerful environment for learning through both visualization and experimentation. Key Features of the Text The text and CD combine to become an interactive learning tool. Emphasis is on understanding the behavior of adaptive systems rather than mathematical derivations. Each key concept is followed by an interactive example. Over 200 fully functional simulations of adaptive systems are included. The text and CD offer a unified view of neural networks, adaptive filters, pattern recognition, and support vector machines. Hyperlinks allow instant access to keyword definitions, bibliographic references, equations, and advanced discussions of concepts. The CD-ROM Contains: A complete, electronic version of the text in hypertext format NeuroSolutions, an industry standard, icon-based neural network/adaptive system simulator A tutorial on how to use NeuroSolutions Additional data files to use with the simulator "An innovative approach to describing neurocomputing and adaptive learning systems from a perspective which unifies classical linear adaptive systems approaches with the modern advances in neural networks. It is rich in examples and practical insight." —James Zeidler, University of California, San Diego
Discovering the Brain
Author: National Academy of SciencesPublisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309045290
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 195
Book Description
The brain ... There is no other part of the human anatomy that is so intriguing. How does it develop and function and why does it sometimes, tragically, degenerate? The answers are complex. In Discovering the Brain, science writer Sandra Ackerman cuts through the complexity to bring this vital topic to the public. The 1990s were declared the "Decade of the Brain" by former President Bush, and the neuroscience community responded with a host of new investigations and conferences. Discovering the Brain is based on the Institute of Medicine conference, Decade of the Brain: Frontiers in Neuroscience and Brain Research. Discovering the Brain is a "field guide" to the brainâ€"an easy-to-read discussion of the brain's physical structure and where functions such as language and music appreciation lie. Ackerman examines: How electrical and chemical signals are conveyed in the brain. The mechanisms by which we see, hear, think, and pay attentionâ€"and how a "gut feeling" actually originates in the brain. Learning and memory retention, including parallels to computer memory and what they might tell us about our own mental capacity. Development of the brain throughout the life span, with a look at the aging brain. Ackerman provides an enlightening chapter on the connection between the brain's physical condition and various mental disorders and notes what progress can realistically be made toward the prevention and treatment of stroke and other ailments. Finally, she explores the potential for major advances during the "Decade of the Brain," with a look at medical imaging techniquesâ€"what various technologies can and cannot tell usâ€"and how the public and private sectors can contribute to continued advances in neuroscience. This highly readable volume will provide the public and policymakersâ€"and many scientists as wellâ€"with a helpful guide to understanding the many discoveries that are sure to be announced throughout the "Decade of the Brain."
Design for a Brain
Author: W. AshbyPublisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401513201
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 294
Book Description
THE book is not a treatise on aIl cerebral mechanisms but a pro poscd solution of a specific problem: the origin of the nervous system's unique ability to produce adaptive behaviour. The work has as basis the fact that the nervous system behaves adap tively and the hypothesis that it is essentiaIly mechanistic; it proceeds on the assumption that these two data are not irrecon cilable. It attempts to deduce from the observed facts what sort of a mechanism it must be that behaves so differently from any machinc made so far. Other proposed solutions have usuaIly left open the question whether so me different theory might not fit the facts equaIly weIl: I have attempted to deduce what is necessary, what properties the nervous system must have if it is to behave at once mechanisticaIly and adaptively. For the deduction to be rigorous, an adequately developed logic of mechanism is essential. Until recently, discussions of mechan ism were carried on almost entirely in terms of so me particular embodiment-the mechanical, the electronic, the neuronie, and so on. Those days are past. There now exists a weIl-developed logic of pure mechanism, rigorous as geometry, and likely to play the same fundamental part, in our understanding of the complex systems of biology, that geometry does in astronomy. Only by the dcvelopment of this basic logic has thc work in this book been made possible.
From Neurons to Neighborhoods
Author: National Research CouncilPublisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309069882
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 610
Book Description
How we raise young children is one of today's most highly personalized and sharply politicized issues, in part because each of us can claim some level of "expertise." The debate has intensified as discoveries about our development-in the womb and in the first months and years-have reached the popular media. How can we use our burgeoning knowledge to assure the well-being of all young children, for their own sake as well as for the sake of our nation? Drawing from new findings, this book presents important conclusions about nature-versus-nurture, the impact of being born into a working family, the effect of politics on programs for children, the costs and benefits of intervention, and other issues. The committee issues a series of challenges to decision makers regarding the quality of child care, issues of racial and ethnic diversity, the integration of children's cognitive and emotional development, and more. Authoritative yet accessible, From Neurons to Neighborhoods presents the evidence about "brain wiring" and how kids learn to speak, think, and regulate their behavior. It examines the effect of the climate-family, child care, community-within which the child grows.
How People Learn
Author: National Research CouncilPublisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309131979
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 386
Book Description
First released in the Spring of 1999, How People Learn has been expanded to show how the theories and insights from the original book can translate into actions and practice, now making a real connection between classroom activities and learning behavior. This edition includes far-reaching suggestions for research that could increase the impact that classroom teaching has on actual learning. Like the original edition, this book offers exciting new research about the mind and the brain that provides answers to a number of compelling questions. When do infants begin to learn? How do experts learn and how is this different from non-experts? What can teachers and schools do-with curricula, classroom settings, and teaching methodsâ€"to help children learn most effectively? New evidence from many branches of science has significantly added to our understanding of what it means to know, from the neural processes that occur during learning to the influence of culture on what people see and absorb. How People Learn examines these findings and their implications for what we teach, how we teach it, and how we assess what our children learn. The book uses exemplary teaching to illustrate how approaches based on what we now know result in in-depth learning. This new knowledge calls into question concepts and practices firmly entrenched in our current education system. Topics include: How learning actually changes the physical structure of the brain. How existing knowledge affects what people notice and how they learn. What the thought processes of experts tell us about how to teach. The amazing learning potential of infants. The relationship of classroom learning and everyday settings of community and workplace. Learning needs and opportunities for teachers. A realistic look at the role of technology in education.