WHO Guidelines on Drawing Blood PDF Download

Author: Neelam Dhingra
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789241599221
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 109

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Book Description
Phlebotomy uses large, hollow needles to remove blood specimens for lab testing or blood donation. Each step in the process carries risks - both for patients and health workers. Patients may be bruised. Health workers may receive needle-stick injuries. Both can become infected with bloodborne organisms such as hepatitis B, HIV, syphilis or malaria. Moreover, each step affects the quality of the specimen and the diagnosis. A contaminated specimen will produce a misdiagnosis. Clerical errors can prove fatal. The new WHO guidelines provide recommended steps for safe phlebotomy and reiterate accepted principles for drawing, collecting blood and transporting blood to laboratories/blood banks.

Author: Leif Wenar
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0190262923
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 553

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Book Description
In this sweeping book, one of today's leading political philosophers, Leif Wenar, goes behind the headlines in search of the hidden global rule that thwarts democracy and development-and that puts shoppers into business with some of today's most dangerous men.

Author: Karin Tabke
Publisher: Penguin
ISBN: 1101514310
Category : Fiction
Languages : en
Pages : 253

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Book Description
A captivating paranormal from a rising voice in erotic romance. As undisputed Alpha, Rafael must choose a life mate to preserve the dominance of his Lycan pack. He never suspected his mate would be a human, the same wounded girl-woman he seduced from the brink of death. Falon is a dangerous combination of Lycan and Slayer-bred to destroy his kind. She's also a mesmerizing beauty whose sensuality tempts the warrior to take risks. Surrendering to their primal heat could destroy them both...for a vengeful foe awaits to take what is rightfully his by Blood Law.

Author: Roland N. Pittman
Publisher: Biota Publishing
ISBN: 1615047212
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 117

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Book Description
This presentation describes various aspects of the regulation of tissue oxygenation, including the roles of the circulatory system, respiratory system, and blood, the carrier of oxygen within these components of the cardiorespiratory system. The respiratory system takes oxygen from the atmosphere and transports it by diffusion from the air in the alveoli to the blood flowing through the pulmonary capillaries. The cardiovascular system then moves the oxygenated blood from the heart to the microcirculation of the various organs by convection, where oxygen is released from hemoglobin in the red blood cells and moves to the parenchymal cells of each tissue by diffusion. Oxygen that has diffused into cells is then utilized in the mitochondria to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the energy currency of all cells. The mitochondria are able to produce ATP until the oxygen tension or PO2 on the cell surface falls to a critical level of about 4–5 mm Hg. Thus, in order to meet the energetic needs of cells, it is important to maintain a continuous supply of oxygen to the mitochondria at or above the critical PO2 . In order to accomplish this desired outcome, the cardiorespiratory system, including the blood, must be capable of regulation to ensure survival of all tissues under a wide range of circumstances. The purpose of this presentation is to provide basic information about the operation and regulation of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, as well as the properties of the blood and parenchymal cells, so that a fundamental understanding of the regulation of tissue oxygenation is achieved.

Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309053293
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 349

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Book Description
During the early years of the AIDS epidemic, thousands of Americans became infected with HIV through the nation's blood supply. Because little reliable information existed at the time AIDS first began showing up in hemophiliacs and in others who had received transfusions, experts disagreed about whether blood and blood products could transmit the disease. During this period of great uncertainty, decision-making regarding the blood supply became increasingly difficult and fraught with risk. This volume provides a balanced inquiry into the blood safety controversy, which involves private sexual practices, personal tragedy for the victims of HIV/AIDS, and public confidence in America's blood services system. The book focuses on critical decisions as information about the danger to the blood supply emerged. The committee draws conclusions about what was doneâ€"and recommends what should be done to produce better outcomes in the face of future threats to blood safety. The committee frames its analysis around four critical area: Product treatmentâ€"Could effective methods for inactivating HIV in blood have been introduced sooner? Donor screening and referralâ€"including a review of screening to exlude high-risk individuals. Regulations and recall of contaminated bloodâ€"analyzing decisions by federal agencies and the private sector. Risk communicationâ€"examining whether infections could have been averted by better communication of the risks.

Author: Julie Kagawa
Publisher: Harlequin
ISBN: 1488027552
Category : Young Adult Fiction
Languages : en
Pages : 304

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Book Description
These vampires don’t sparkle…they bite. Book 1 of the Blood of Eden trilogy by Julie Kagawa, New York Times bestselling author of The Iron Fey, begins a thrilling dark fantasy series where vampires rule, humans are prey…and one girl will become what she hates most to save all she loves. Allison Sekemoto survives in the Fringe, where the vampires who killed her mother rule and she and her crew of outcasts must hide from the monsters at night. All that drives Allie is her hatred of vampires, who keep humans as prey. Until the night Allie herself dies…a becomes one of the monsters. When she hears of a mythical place called Eden that might have a cure for the blood disease that killed off most of civilization, Allie decides to seek it out. Hiding among a band of humans, she begins a journey that will have unforeseen consequences…to herself, to the boy she’s falling for who believes she’s human, and to the future of the world. Now Allie must decide what—and who—is worth dying for…again. “A fresh and imaginative thrill ride.” —Publishers Weekly, starred review Books in the Blood of Eden series: The Immortal Rules The Eternity Cure The Forever Song

Author: World Health Organization
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789241548557
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 114

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Book Description
Individuals who donate their blood provide a unique and precious gift in an act of human solidarity. In order to donate blood, prospective donors should be in good health and free from any infections that can be transmitted through transfusion. Most blood donors perceive themselves to be healthy, but some are unsuitable to donate blood due to the potential risk of compromising or worsening their own health or the risk of transmission of infections to patients. Blood transfusion services (BTS) have a duty of care towards blood donors as well as to the recipients of transfusion. This duty of care extends to prospective donors who are deferred from donation--whether on a temporary or permanent basis--as well as those who donate blood and are subsequently found to have unusual or abnormal test results. BTS have a responsibility to confirm test results and provide information, counseling and support to enable these individuals to understand and respond to unexpected information about their health or risk status. Counseling is part of the spectrum of care that a BTS should be able to provide to blood donors--including referral to medical practitioners or specialist clinical services. Pre-donation counseling was recognized as one element of the strategy to reduce and, if possible, prevent the donation of blood by individuals who might be at risk for HIV and other TTI including hepatitis B and C viruses as well as to inform the donor of the donation process and testing of blood for HIV. Post-donation counseling was acknowledged to be a necessary element of donor management as an adjunct to informing donors of unusual or abnormal test results. Blood donor counseling by trained specialist staff is now considered to be a key component of the blood system in most countries with a well-developed blood transfusion service. It may be required at a number of stages in the blood donation process or following blood screening and should be available at any point at which the BTS has an interface with donors. In many countries, however, blood donor counseling is not yet available in a structured way. Blood Donor Counselling: Implementation Guidelines has therefore been developed to provide guidance to blood transfusion services that have not yet established donor counseling programs.

Author: World Health Organization
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789241548519
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
The WHO guidelines on assessing donor suitability for blood donation have been developed to assist blood transfusion services in countries that are establishing or strengthening national systems for the selection of blood donors. They are designed for use by policy makers in national blood programmes in ministries of health, national advisory bodies such as national blood commissions or councils, and blood transfusion services.

Author: John Phillip Reid
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780875806082
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
"John Phillip Reid is widely known for his groundbreaking work in American legal history. A Law of Blood, first published in the early 1970s, led the way in an additional newly emerging academic field: American Indian history. As the field has flourished, this book has remained an authoritative text. Forging the research methods that fellow historians would soon adopt, Reid carefully examines the organization and rules of Cherokee clans and towns."--BOOK JACKET.

Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309175321
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 137

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Book Description
This volume examines regulatory and policymaking procedures in blood banking, regulatory enforcement and compliance, innovations and alternatives in regulation, congressional oversight and regulatory initiatives, and investment in regulatory quality.