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Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309316553 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 158
Book Description
The tremendous progress in biology over the last half century - from Watson and Crick's elucidation of the structure of DNA to today's astonishing, rapid progress in the field of synthetic biology - has positioned us for significant innovation in chemical production. New bio-based chemicals, improved public health through improved drugs and diagnostics, and biofuels that reduce our dependency on oil are all results of research and innovation in the biological sciences. In the past decade, we have witnessed major advances made possible by biotechnology in areas such as rapid, low-cost DNA sequencing, metabolic engineering, and high-throughput screening. The manufacturing of chemicals using biological synthesis and engineering could expand even faster. A proactive strategy - implemented through the development of a technical roadmap similar to those that enabled sustained growth in the semiconductor industry and our explorations of space - is needed if we are to realize the widespread benefits of accelerating the industrialization of biology. Industrialization of Biology presents such a roadmap to achieve key technical milestones for chemical manufacturing through biological routes. This report examines the technical, economic, and societal factors that limit the adoption of bioprocessing in the chemical industry today and which, if surmounted, would markedly accelerate the advanced manufacturing of chemicals via industrial biotechnology. Working at the interface of synthetic chemistry, metabolic engineering, molecular biology, and synthetic biology, Industrialization of Biology identifies key technical goals for next-generation chemical manufacturing, then identifies the gaps in knowledge, tools, techniques, and systems required to meet those goals, and targets and timelines for achieving them. This report also considers the skills necessary to accomplish the roadmap goals, and what training opportunities are required to produce the cadre of skilled scientists and engineers needed.
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309316553 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 158
Book Description
The tremendous progress in biology over the last half century - from Watson and Crick's elucidation of the structure of DNA to today's astonishing, rapid progress in the field of synthetic biology - has positioned us for significant innovation in chemical production. New bio-based chemicals, improved public health through improved drugs and diagnostics, and biofuels that reduce our dependency on oil are all results of research and innovation in the biological sciences. In the past decade, we have witnessed major advances made possible by biotechnology in areas such as rapid, low-cost DNA sequencing, metabolic engineering, and high-throughput screening. The manufacturing of chemicals using biological synthesis and engineering could expand even faster. A proactive strategy - implemented through the development of a technical roadmap similar to those that enabled sustained growth in the semiconductor industry and our explorations of space - is needed if we are to realize the widespread benefits of accelerating the industrialization of biology. Industrialization of Biology presents such a roadmap to achieve key technical milestones for chemical manufacturing through biological routes. This report examines the technical, economic, and societal factors that limit the adoption of bioprocessing in the chemical industry today and which, if surmounted, would markedly accelerate the advanced manufacturing of chemicals via industrial biotechnology. Working at the interface of synthetic chemistry, metabolic engineering, molecular biology, and synthetic biology, Industrialization of Biology identifies key technical goals for next-generation chemical manufacturing, then identifies the gaps in knowledge, tools, techniques, and systems required to meet those goals, and targets and timelines for achieving them. This report also considers the skills necessary to accomplish the roadmap goals, and what training opportunities are required to produce the cadre of skilled scientists and engineers needed.
Author: Charis M. Galanakis Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0128201533 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 436
Book Description
Biobased Products and Industries fills the gap between academia and industry by covering all the important aspects of biobased products and their relevant industries in one single reference. Highlighting different perspectives of the bioeconomy, EU relevant projects, as well as the environmental impact of biobased materials and sustainability, the book covers biobased polymers, plastics, nanocomposites, packaging materials, electric devices, biofuels, textiles, consumer goods, and biocatalysis for the decarboxylation and decarboxylation of biobased molecules, including biobased products from alternative sources (algae) and the biobased production of chemicals through metabolic engineering. Focusing on the most recent advances in the field, the book also analyzes the potentiality of already commercialized processes and products. - Highlights the important aspects of biobased products as well as their relevant industries in one single reference - Focuses on the most recent advances in the field, analyzing the potentiality of already commercialized processes and products - Provides an ideal resource for anyone dealing with bioresource technology, biomass valorization and new products development
Author: Timothy A. Caulfield Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 146154713X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 224
Book Description
The rapid advances made in genetic research and technology over the last few decades have led to a host of important discoveries that have allowed for the detection (and hopefully soon the treatment) of a number of genetic conditions and diseases. Not surprisingly, these advances have also raised numerous ethical concerns about how result ing technologies will be implemented, and the impact they will have on different com munities. One particular concern is the enormous costs involved in conducting genetic research and the fact that the private sector has become heavily involved; the desire to commercialize the results and technology derived from genetic research is considered problematic. In September 1998, the Second International Conference on DNA Sampling, titled "The Commercialization of Genetic Research: Ethical, Legal and Policy Issues," was held of the conference, and of this book, was to in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. The goal facilitate an interdisciplinary discussion of the legal, ethical, and policy implications arising from the commercialization of genetic research. We solicited contributions for the book from authors in fields as diverse as ethics, law, medicine, health policy, and the social sciences. The papers included, while based on presentations given at the conference, have been substantially expanded and enhanced by the commentary received and discussions held at the conference.
Author: Gurcharan Singh Bhatia Publisher: University of Alberta ISBN: 9780888643391 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 452
Book Description
On the fiftieth anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, hundreds of people gathered in Edmonton, Alberta to reflect on the accomplishments of the Declaration and current challenges to human rights. This volume offers their collective insights. Participants in this landmark conference included: Desmond Tutu, Archbishop Emeritus of Cape Town; Francine Fournier, Assistant Director General of UNESCO; Her Excellency Mary Robinson, United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights; and The Right Honourable Antonio Lamer, Chief Justice of Canada. "From federal ministers, to Chinese and Vietnamese dissidents, to academics, the judiciary, advocates for the poor, the disabled, the disenfranchised and the minorities; the delegates engaged in vibrant and compassionate dialogue which was both enriching and worrisome." --Canadian Senate Debates
Author: Pau Loke Show Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1000407411 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 327
Book Description
This is the first book to present the idea of Industry 5.0 in biomanufacturing and bioprocess engineering, both upstream and downstream. The Prospect of Industry 5.0 in Biomanufacturing details the latest technologies and how they can be used efficiently and explains process analysis from an engineering point of view. In addition, it covers applications and challenges. FEATURES Describes the previous Industrial Revolution, current Industry 4.0, and how new technologies will transition toward Industry 5.0 Explains how Industry 5.0 can be applied in biomanufacturing Demonstrates new technologies catered to Industry 5.0 Uses worked examples related to biological systems This book enables readers in industry and academia working in the biomanufacturing engineering sector to understand current trends and future directions in this field.
Author: Wael A. Ismail Publisher: Frontiers Media SA ISBN: 2889452565 Category : Languages : en Pages : 236
Book Description
Petroleum hydrocarbons are both a product of, and rich substrate for, microorganisms from across all Domains of life. Rooted deeply in the history of microbiology, hydrocarbons have been studied as sources of carbon and energy for microorganisms for over a century. As global demand for petroleum and its refined products continues to rise, so do challenges associated with environmental pollution, oil well souring, infrastructure corrosion, oil recovery, transport, refining, and upgrading of heavy crude oils and bitumens. Advances in genomics, synthetic biology and metabolic engineering has invigorated interest in petroleum microbial biotechnology as interest grows in technologies for in situ methane production, biodesulfurization and biodenitrogenation, bio-upgrading of heavy crudes, microbial enhanced oil recovery, corrosion control, and biocatalysts for generating value-added products. Given the complexity of the global petroleum industry and the harsh conditions in which it operates, a deeper understanding of the ecophysiology of aerobic and anaerobic microbial communities that have associations with petroleum hydrocarbons is needed if robust technologies are to be deployed successfully. This research topic highlights recent advances in microbial enhanced oil recovery, methanogenic hydrocarbon metabolism and carbon dioxide sequestration, bioremediation, microbiologically influenced corrosion, biodesulfurization, and the application of metagenomics to better understand microbial communities associated with petroleum hydrocarbons.
Author: B. Carlsson Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1461509157 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 394
Book Description
Technological Systems in the Bio Industries: An International Study represents a comprehensive, interdisciplinary, and systematic effort to understand the nature and role of technological change in a rapidly evolving arena of economic activity that can be loosely referred to as the bio industries. These include biomedical industries that deliver goods and services used in health care, including those based on genetic engineering, as well as applications of biotechnology in other industries such as agriculture, food production, and the forest industries. This volume is the third in a continuing series of studies on technological systems; it seeks to identify and address new sets of conceptual and methodological issues in analyzing innovation systems, particularly as regards the delimitation of relevant systems. The book makes an in-depth comparison of the biomedical clusters in Sweden and Ohio. It also sheds light on the emergence of new science-based technological systems.
Author: Pete Harpum Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 0470888962 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 352
Book Description
This book describes the way that pharmaceutical projects and programs are currently managed, and offers views from many highly experienced practitioners from within the industry on future directions for drug program management. The book integrates portfolio, program, and project management processes as fundamental for effective and efficient drug product development. Contributing expert authors provide their view of how the projectization approach can be taken forward by the drug industry over the coming years.
Author: Sergio Diaz-Briquets Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1351325108 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 244
Book Description
Despite much debate in recent years about the economic and professional impact of foreign engineers and computer professionals in the United States, comparatively little has been said about the growing number of foreign biomedical scientists employed by American firms and health institutions. The implications are widespread and merit serious analysis. In Biomedical Globalization, Sergio Diaz-Briquets and Charles C. Cheney shed light on this development through examination of the experience of foreign biomedical scientists at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in Bethesda, Maryland.Diaz-Briquets and Cheney's analysis is based on results of ethnographic field observations and more than 200 interviews among diverse biomedical research constituencies in the United States and abroad. These views provide a penetrating glimpse into the complex web of interrelationships governing the international mobility of highly skilled personnel within a given scientific field. While the work of the NIH is unexceptionable in advancing biomedical knowledge and forging international research linkages, a far more complex and elusive picture emerges when the issue is placed within a broader labor market perspective. Under some circumstances the United States economy may suffer from the presence of foreign biomedical scientists in American laboratories. There is some fear that when these scientists return home they may take with them know-how developed here that could be used to strengthen the scientific prowess of overseas competitors.In conducting their research, the authors have identified several hitherto unrecognized functions that the NIH plays in channeling foreign biomedical scientists intothe American workforce. These functions are of great significance to immigration and labor policy and can be seen as instrumental to the satisfaction of numerous key public policy objectives. Biomedical Globalization will be of interest to policymakers, labor studies scholars, and scientific researchers.
Author: National Research Council
Author: National Research Council
Author: Charis M. Galanakis
Author: Timothy A. Caulfield
Author: Gurcharan Singh Bhatia
Author: Canada. National Biotechnology Advisory Committee
Author: Pau Loke Show
Author: Wael A. Ismail
Author: B. Carlsson
Author: Pete Harpum
Author: Sergio Diaz-Briquets