Author: Bryan E. GottfriedPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 128
Book Description
Benthic Foraminiferal Assemblages Indicating an Oxygen-minimum Zone in the East Pacific
Author: Bryan E. GottfriedThe Oceanography of the Eastern Pacific II
Author: Silvio PantojaInterpreting Pre-Quaternary Climate from the Geologic Record
Author: Judith Totman ParrishPublisher: Columbia University Press
ISBN: 9780231102063
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 372
Book Description
The earth's pre-Quaternary period--more than two million years ago--has been studied systematically only since the 1960's, when geologists started to take seriously the concept that the continents have changed position on the earth's surface. While previous books have dealt with climate models and paleoclimate, this is the first to offer a sustained exploration of the methods that are the foundation of any interpretation of earth processes.
Micropaleontology
Author: Pratul Kumar SaraswatiPublisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319145746
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 223
Book Description
This book will help readers learn the basic skills needed to study microfossils especially those without a formal background in paleontology. It details key principles, explains how to identify different groups of microfossils, and provides insight into their potential applications in solving geologic problems. Basic principles are addressed with examples that explore the strengths and limitations of microfossils and their geological records. This overview provides an understanding of taphonomy and quality of the fossil records, biomineralization and biogeochemistry, taxonomy, concepts of species, and basic concepts of ecology. Readers learn about the major groups of microfossils, including their morphology, ecology, and geologic history. Coverage includes: foraminifera, ostracoda, coccolithophores, pteropods, radiolaria, diatoms, silicoflagellates, conodonts, dinoflagellates, acritarch, and spores and pollens. In this coverage, marine microfossils, and particularly foraminifera, are discussed in more detail compared with the other groups as they continue to play a major role in most scientific investigations. Among the various tracers of earth history, microfossils provide the most diverse kinds of information to earth scientists. This richly illustrated volume will help students and professionals understand microfossils, and provide insight on how to work with them to better understand evolution of life, and age and the paleoenvironment of sedimentary strata.
Ecology and Palaeoecology of Benthic Foraminifera
Author: John W. MurrayPublisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317899873
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 408
Book Description
This is an important and authoritative review of foraminiferal ecology, the first for over a decade. Professor Murray relates ecological data on living forms of foraminifera to the palaeoecology of fossil species, and defines in detail areas of global distribution.
Use of Proxies in Paleoceanography
Author: Gerhard FischerPublisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642586465
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 768
Book Description
Paleoceanographic proxies provide infonnation for reconstructions of the past, including climate changes, global and regional oceanography, and the cycles of biochemical components in the ocean. These prox ies are measurable descriptors for desired but unobservable environmental variables such as tempera ture, salinity, primary productivity, nutrient content, or surface-water carbon dioxide concentrations. The proxies are employed in a manner analogous to oceanographic methods. The water masses are first characterized according to their specific physical and chemical properties, and then related to particular assemblages of certain organisms or to particular element or isotope distributions. We have a long-standing series of proven proxies available. Marine microfossil assemblages, for instance, are employed to reconstruct surface-water temperatures. The calcareous shells of planktonic and benthic microorgan isms contain a wealth of paleoceanographic information in their isotopic and elemental compositions. Stable oxygen isotope measurements are used to detennine ice volume, and MglCa ratios are related to water temperatures, to cite a few examples. Organic material may also provide valuable infonnation, e. g. , about past productivity conditions. Studying the stable carbon isotope composition of bulk organic matter or individual marine organic components may provide a measure of past surface-water CO 2 conditions within the bounds of certain assumptions. Within the scope of paleoceanographic investigations, the existing proxies are continuously evolving and improving, while new proxies are being studied and developed. The methodology is improved by analysis of samples from the water column and surface sediments, and through laboratory experiments.
Early-Middle Pleistocene Transitions
Author: Geological Society of LondonPublisher: Geological Society of London
ISBN: 9781862391819
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 342
Book Description
The Early-Middle Pleistocene transition (around 1.2 to 0.5 Ma) marks a profound shift in Earth's climate state. Low-amplitude 41 ka climate cycles, dominating the earlier part of the Pleistocene, gave way progressively to a 100 ka rhythm of increased amplitude that characterizes our present glacial-interglacial world. This volume assesses the biotic and physical response to this transition both on land and in the oceans: indeed it examines the very nature of Quaternary climate change. Milankovitch theory, palaeoceanography using isotopes and microfossils, marine organic geochemistry, tephrochronology, the record of loess and soil deposition, terrestrial vegetational change, and the migration and evolution of hominins as well as other large and small mammals, are all considered. These themes combine to explore the very origins of our present biota.
Modern Foraminifera
Author: Barun K. Sen GuptaPublisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0306481049
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 368
Book Description
From the reviews: "This is now the definitive, authoritative text on applied foraminiferal micropaleontology and should be in the library of all practicing micropaleontologists." (William A. Berggren, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in Micropaleontology, 47:1 (2001)"During the last 20 years there has been an explosion of publications about foraminifera from an amazing variety of disciplines: basic cell biology, algal symbiosis, biomineralization, biogeography, ecology, pollution, chemical oceanography, geochemistry, paleoceanography, and geology. This book summarizes contributions by leading researchers in these diverse fields. It is not just another text on the biology of foraminifera. Rather, Barun Sen Gupta has accomplished his objective to "write an advanced text for university students that would also serve as a reference book for professionals"." (Howard J. Spero, University of California at Davis in Limnology and Oceanography, 45:8 (2000).
Anoxia
Author: Alexander AltenbachPublisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400718969
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 642
Book Description
ANOXIA defines the lack of free molecular oxygen in an environment. In the presence of organic matter, anaerobic prokaryotes produce compounds such as free radicals, hydrogen sulfide, or methane that are typically toxic to aerobes. The concomitance of suppressed respiration and presence of toxic substances suggests these habitats are inhospitable to Eukaryota. Ecologists sometimes term such environments 'Death Zones'. This book presents, however, a collection of remarkable adaptations to anoxia, observed in Eukaryotes such as protists, animals, plants and fungi. Case studies provide evidence for controlled beneficial use of anoxia by, for example, modification of free radicals, use of alternative electron donors for anaerobic metabolic pathways, and employment of anaerobic symbionts. The complex, interwoven existence of oxic and anoxic conditions in space and time is also highlighted as is the idea that eukaryotic inhabitation of anoxic habitats was established early in Earth history.
Ecology and Applications of Benthic Foraminifera
Author: John W. MurrayPublisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 0521828392
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 320
Book Description
Publisher description