Author: John Page DietrichPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dairy cattle
Languages : en
Pages : 242
Book Description
Behavioral Patterns in Dairy Cattle Ad Affected by Management
Author: John Page DietrichPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dairy cattle
Languages : en
Pages : 242
Book Description
The Behaviour and Modification of Inherent Behaviour Patterns of Dairy Cows Under Frequent and Automatic Milking Management Systems
Author: Alice WinterCow Talk
Author: Rebecca DoylePublisher: CSIRO PUBLISHING
ISBN: 1486301622
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 256
Book Description
The aim of this manual is to improve the welfare of dairy cattle in tropical developing countries, and by doing so, optimise cow and herd performance. It gives the stockmen and farmers directly concerned with the cattle a better understanding of animal behaviour and the ways cattle communicate their comfort or distress. The book discusses normal cattle behaviour and shows how domestication and breeding can affect behaviour to achieve high levels of production of milk, live weight gain and fertility. Animal welfare is important for producers because it can affect the health, production and contentment of cows. Animal welfare practices which adversely affect cow and herd performance on tropical small holder dairy farms are identified. Advice is then given to change the animal's environment or modify a handler's technique to ensure cattle have the degree of comfort needed to achieve more profitable and sustainable systems of livestock farming. Cow Talk will be a beneficial resource for farmers who want to improve animal welfare, farm advisers who can assist farmers to improve their welfare practices, educators who develop training programs for farmers and dairy advisers, and other stakeholders in tropical dairy production such as local agribusiness, policy makers and research scientists.
Farm Animal Housing and Welfare
Author: S.H. BaxterPublisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9780898385977
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 370
Book Description
The Eliminative Behaviors of Dairy Cattle and how They are Affected by Outdoor Access in Tie-stall Housing
Author: Jordan TonookaPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
"Eliminative behaviors are the acts of defecation and urination and the behaviors surrounding these acts. Understanding the eliminative behaviors of dairy cattle is important for animal welfare and pertains to excreta management. As the dairy industry seeks to increase movement opportunity for animals, producers require more information about how cattle behavior will be affected. This thesis aimed to determine how outdoor access might affect the eliminative behaviors of tie-stall-housed dairy cows via a literature review and an experimental study. The literature review revealed that there is little information regarding the eliminative behaviors of dairy cows, specifically. The eliminative behaviors of dairy cattle have been most thoroughly described in terms of frequencies/24 h and hourly distributions of these frequencies. There are relationships between eliminative behaviors, barn activities, and activity levels of the animals, which suggests that housing system plays a major role in this aspect of behavior. However, these studies vary by year, breed, and region, and recent studies on tied cows in a North American context do not exist. There is a gap in knowledge in the relationship between exercise/movement opportunity and eliminative behaviors of dairy cows. The experimental study aimed to describe eliminative behaviors at tie-stalls, determine whether outdoor access affects daily patterns of elimination, and determine whether outdoor access duration affects elimination frequencies. Holstein cows were blocked by parity and days in milk such that Control cows (winter 7; summer 8), which remained inside at tie-stalls for the duration of the experiment, were paired with Outdoor cows (winter 8; summer 7), which were provided 5 d/wk (weekdays) outdoor access in paddocks for 1-2 h over 2-wks. Pedometers recorded step and lying activity continuously. All cows were video recorded for 48 consecutive h (weekends) with no outdoor access. Frequencies, durations, activity, position, where excreta fell, and whether the event occurred within 3 min of standing were continuously observed. Eliminations were recorded live concurrently for Outdoor cows throughout the duration of their time outdoors, and for Control cows during the first h of outdoor access (winter 3 d; summer 4 d). Eliminations of Outdoor cows allocated 2 h outdoor access were analyzed to compare the first vs. second h outdoors (winter 8 d; summer 9 d). Elimination frequencies/24 h in tie-stalls were the following (AVG. ± SD): defecations, winter: Control = 19.4 ± 2.73, Outdoor = 19.1 ± 1.58; summer: Control = 21.1 ± 4.12, Outdoor = 18.6 ± 1.18; urinations, winter: Control = 11.4 ± 2.83, Outdoor = 11.0 ± 3.33; summer: Control = 9.2 ± 1.49, Outdoor = 9.4 ± 0.98. Graphical assessment showed that eliminations were most frequent during 5:00 milking and feeding and from 19:00-20:00; the latter reflected when the greatest numbers of steps/cow were taken. Neither times with the greatest proportions of elimination frequencies nor times of high step activity were consistently related to percentages of eliminations that fell into the stall. Elimination rates during 1 h outdoor access were not different from rates observed for Control cows (defecations and urinations; P > 0.05). For 2 h Outdoor cows, defecation rates during the first h outdoors were not different from rates during the second h (P > 0.05). Urination rates during the second h outdoors were greater than during the first h (0.55 vs. 0.28 events/cow/h; P
Farm- and Cow-Level Effects on the Behavioral Patterns of Dairy Cows Milked with Automatic Systems
Author: Justine Adams DemingThe Behaviour of Domestic Animals
Author: Elsayed Saad Eldin HafezPublisher: Bailliere Tindall Limited
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 580
Book Description
Modelling Nutrient Digestion and Utilisation in Farm Animals
Author: D. SauvantPublisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 908686712X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 418
Book Description
For more than 30 years, modelling has been an important method for integrating, in a flexible, comprehensive and widely applicable way, basic knowledge and biological concepts on digestion and metabolism in farm animals. The purpose of this book is to present the 'state of art' in this area. The chapters are written by leading teams and researchers in this field of study, mainly from Europe, North America and Australasia. Considerable progress has been made in topics dealing with: modelling methods, feeding behaviour, digestion and metabolic processes in ruminants and monogastric animals. This progress is clearly illustrated by the emergence of a new paradigm in animal nutrition, which has moved from the aim to cover the requirements of the animal to explaining and predicting the responses of the animals to diets (e.g., productivity and efficiency, impact on quality of products, environmental aspects, health and well-being). In this book several chapters illustrate that through empirical models, meta-analysis is an efficient tool to synthesize information gathered over recent decades. In addition, compared with other books on modelling farm animal nutrition, two new aspects received particular attention: expanding knowledge of the individual animal to understanding the functioning and management of herds, and the consideration of the environmental impact of animal production. This book is a valuable source of information for researchers, nutritionists, advisors, and graduate students who want to have up-to-date and concise information on mathematical modelling applied to farm animals.
Group Behavior Patterns in Dairy Cattle and Their Effect on Production
Author: Martin W ScheinPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dairy cattle
Languages : en
Pages : 61
Book Description
Farm Animal Metabolism and Nutrition
Author: J. P. Felix D'MelloPublisher: CABI
ISBN: 0851993788
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 450
Book Description
This book presents specially commissioned reviews of key topics in farm animal metabolism and nutrition, such as repartitioning agents, near infrared reflectance spectroscopy and digestibility and metabolisable energy assays, where major advances have recently been made or which continue to represent issues of significance for students and researchers. Authors include leading researchers from Europe, North America and Australia.