Behavioral and Electrophysiological Assessment of Hearing Function in Mice with Deficient Sound Encoding at Inner Hair Cell Ribbon Synapse PDF Download
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Author: Iman Bahader Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Auditory synaptopathy in humans is characterized by poor speech perception especially in noisy environments despite of preserved active cochlear amplification. The ABR of affected patients is absent or shows a significant reduction of wave I amplitude caused by abnormal function of inner hair cell ribbon synapses. Here, I characterized auditory function in mouse models of auditory synaptopathy by comparing electrophysiological (ABR, ASSR, and DPOAE) and behavioral experiments (acoustic startle reflexes, operant conditioning in the shuttle box and Intellicage). The best behavioral results we...
Author: Iman Bahader Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Auditory synaptopathy in humans is characterized by poor speech perception especially in noisy environments despite of preserved active cochlear amplification. The ABR of affected patients is absent or shows a significant reduction of wave I amplitude caused by abnormal function of inner hair cell ribbon synapses. Here, I characterized auditory function in mouse models of auditory synaptopathy by comparing electrophysiological (ABR, ASSR, and DPOAE) and behavioral experiments (acoustic startle reflexes, operant conditioning in the shuttle box and Intellicage). The best behavioral results we...
Author: Maike Pelgrim Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Auditory neuropathy and auditory synaptopathy are hearing disorders with normal outer hair cell function and cochlear amplification, but an impairment in the function of inner hair cells, their ribbon synapses, or in the spiral ganglion neurons and neurons of the auditory pathway, respectively. In order to better understand the disease mechanisms, we analyzed central sound encoding in the inferior colliculus, the main auditory nucleus of the midbrain. We performed electrophysiological in vivo single unit recordings from the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus in three strains of muta...
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 154
Book Description
A key stage in auditory encoding is the transformation of the analog and continuous electrical signal at inner hair cells (IHCs) into the discrete spike timings in auditory nerve fibers (ANFs). In this work, using modeling, we investigated the biophysical specializations of the IHC ribbon synapse, which support this transcoding of the auditory signal. First, in combination with experiments, we studied the coupling of the ANF postsynaptic bouton to its action potential generator. We found that ANFs encode with submillisecond precision the timings of neurotransmitter release from IHCs. Then, ...
Author: Roos Anouk Voorn Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Sound detection occurs in the cochlea, where sensory inner hair cells (IHC) accurately convert auditory stimuli into a neurochemical signal. Presynaptically, cochlear IHCs harbor highly-specialized electron-dense specializations - so-called 'ribbons' - that facilitate ultrafast, temporally-precise and indefatigable exocytosis of ribbon-tethered synaptic vesicles (SV) onto postsynaptic spiral ganglion neurons (SGN). During synapse assembly and subsequent maturation, IHC ribbons increase in volume and SV tethering capacity. This volume accumulation of the developing ribbon is thought to resul...
Author: Tzu-Lun Wang Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Sound intensity is encoded as action potential firing rates by spiral ganglion neurons. These neurons show different rate-level functions with different auditory thresholds, and are thought to collectively encode the large dynamic range of the auditory stimuli. Hair cell ribbon synapses drive the action potential firing in spiral ganglion neurons through release of glutamate that is triggered by voltage-gated Ca2+ channels. Therefore, the investigation of presynaptic Ca2+ signaling and its relationship to synaptic ribbons might help to explain how inner hair cells (IHCs) decompose auditory ...
Author: Philippe Jean Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Cochlear inner hair cells (IHCs) are the genuine sensory receptors that translate sound-borne cochlear vibrations into neuronal signals via ribbon synapses with the spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs). The precise mechanisms of these ribbon synapses, the first relay of the auditory pathway, are still not fully resolved. Sound intensity coding over a wide dynamic range is thought to be fractionated through the SGNs presenting distinct firing characteristics. One hypothesis is that much of this diversity reflects the presynaptic heterogeneity observed among the active zones (AZs) of IHCs. There, a...
Author: Zhizi Jing Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Afferent synapses between inner hair cells (IHCs) and spiral ganglion neurons in the cochlea translate sound information into a discrete spike code, providing us the opportunity to directly observe the output of the cochlea. The availability of mutant strains with genetic hearing impairment makes the mouse a valuable species to investigate the molecular mechanisms of cochlear function. In this thesis, mouse was used as a model species to study cochlear sound encoding by recording single unit activities from auditory nerve fibers (ANFs) in vivo. First, developmental changes of ANF responses ...
Author: Maria Magdalena Picher Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Hearing is a unique sensory feature providing the individual with acoustic information about the surrounding environment. Humans rely on hearing to localize potential dangers and it is essential for communication and social interaction. Hearing impairment is the most common sensory deficit and affects approximately 360 million people world-wide according to the World Health Organization. Therefore, it is of great importance to understand the underlying mechanisms that enable hearing. At inner hair cell ribbon synapses, which are the first relay station of the auditory pathway, CaV1.3 calciu...
Author: Brian C. J. Moore Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 9780470518182 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 344
Book Description
Since the first edition was published in 1998, considerable advances have been made in the fields of pitch perception and speech perception. In addition, there have been major changes in the way that hearing aids work, and the features they offer. This book will provide an understanding of the changes in perception that take place when a person has cochlear hearing loss so the reader understands not only what does happen, but why it happens. It interrelates physiological and perceptual data and presents both this and basic concepts in an integrated manner. The goal is to convey an understanding of the perceptual changes associated with cochlear hearing loss, of the difficulties faced by the hearing-impaired person, and the limitations of current hearing aids.
Author: Iman Bahader
Author: Iman Bahader
Author: Maike Pelgrim
Author: 
Author: Roos Anouk Voorn
Author: Tzu-Lun Wang
Author: Philippe Jean
Author: Zhizi Jing
Author: Maria Magdalena Picher
Author: Brian C. J. Moore
Author: Rafael Lorente de Nó