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Author: Tim Stahnke Publisher: GRIN Verlag ISBN: 3638267431 Category : Political Science Languages : de Pages : 24
Book Description
Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2004 im Fachbereich Politik - Region: USA, Note: 1,3, Helmut-Schmidt-Universität - Universität der Bundeswehr Hamburg (Wirtschafts- und Organisationswissenschaften - Institut für Politikwissenschaften), Veranstaltung: Das politische System der USA, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Die USA fällt durch die starke multikulturelle Durchmischung ihrer Gesellschaft auf. Als klassisches Einwanderungsland hat sich in den USA seit der Landung der Mayflower im Jahr 1620 ein gesellschaftlicher und religiöser Pluralismus entwickelt, der auf der Welt seines Gleichen sucht. Unterschiedlichste ethnische Gruppierungen mit weit über 200 verschiedenen religiösen Glaubensrichtungen unterschiedlichster Art scheinen sich zu einer Nation und einem Staat zusammengefunden zu haben. Bei dieser starken Segmentierung drängt sich natürlich die Frage auf, was diese Nation zusammenhält. Wieso empfindet sich der Amerikaner als Amerikaner und was verbindet ihn mit seinem Mitbürger anderer Herkunft und andersartigem Glauben? Als Integrationsideologie für die Nation kann auf Grund des Pluralismus keine spezifische Glaubensbezeugung herhalten, es entstand der Begriff der „Civil Religion“. „Civil Religion“ als eine Art weltliche Religion, als amerikanische Ideologie, die auf bestimmten Glaubenssätzen, auf Ritualen und Symbolen beruht. Die „Civil Religion“ hat dazu geführt, dass die amerikanische Kultur und Politik durchsetzt ist von religiöser Rhetorik und Symbolik. Ob und in wieweit diese sogenannte „Civil Religion“ als Integrationsbasis, als gemeinsamer Wertekonsens dient und wie sie sich mit dem Grundsatz der Trennung von Staat und Ki rche verträgt, soll in dieser Hausarbeit erörtert werden. Zunächst wird die Bedeutung des Begriffes „Civil Religion“ näher beleuchtet. Dazu wird zunächst auf Jean-Jacques Rousseau eingegangen, der schon um 1760 in seinem vierten Buch des „Du contrat social“ das Phänomen der „réligion civile“ beschrieb, wobei viele der von ihm beschriebenen Merkmale auch heute noch auf den Begriff „Civil Religion“ zutreffen. Danach wird erläutert, wie Alexis de Toqueville in seinem Werk „De la Démocratie en Amérique“, welches er nach seiner Amerikareise im Jahre 1831 verfasste, als Erster die „Civil Religion“ in den USA beschreibt. Nach der Abhandlung dieser beiden Klassiker soll der Be griff „Civil Religion“ aus heutiger wissenschaftlicher Sicht beschrieben und dargestellt werden.
Author: Tim Stahnke Publisher: GRIN Verlag ISBN: 3638267431 Category : Political Science Languages : de Pages : 24
Book Description
Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2004 im Fachbereich Politik - Region: USA, Note: 1,3, Helmut-Schmidt-Universität - Universität der Bundeswehr Hamburg (Wirtschafts- und Organisationswissenschaften - Institut für Politikwissenschaften), Veranstaltung: Das politische System der USA, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Die USA fällt durch die starke multikulturelle Durchmischung ihrer Gesellschaft auf. Als klassisches Einwanderungsland hat sich in den USA seit der Landung der Mayflower im Jahr 1620 ein gesellschaftlicher und religiöser Pluralismus entwickelt, der auf der Welt seines Gleichen sucht. Unterschiedlichste ethnische Gruppierungen mit weit über 200 verschiedenen religiösen Glaubensrichtungen unterschiedlichster Art scheinen sich zu einer Nation und einem Staat zusammengefunden zu haben. Bei dieser starken Segmentierung drängt sich natürlich die Frage auf, was diese Nation zusammenhält. Wieso empfindet sich der Amerikaner als Amerikaner und was verbindet ihn mit seinem Mitbürger anderer Herkunft und andersartigem Glauben? Als Integrationsideologie für die Nation kann auf Grund des Pluralismus keine spezifische Glaubensbezeugung herhalten, es entstand der Begriff der „Civil Religion“. „Civil Religion“ als eine Art weltliche Religion, als amerikanische Ideologie, die auf bestimmten Glaubenssätzen, auf Ritualen und Symbolen beruht. Die „Civil Religion“ hat dazu geführt, dass die amerikanische Kultur und Politik durchsetzt ist von religiöser Rhetorik und Symbolik. Ob und in wieweit diese sogenannte „Civil Religion“ als Integrationsbasis, als gemeinsamer Wertekonsens dient und wie sie sich mit dem Grundsatz der Trennung von Staat und Ki rche verträgt, soll in dieser Hausarbeit erörtert werden. Zunächst wird die Bedeutung des Begriffes „Civil Religion“ näher beleuchtet. Dazu wird zunächst auf Jean-Jacques Rousseau eingegangen, der schon um 1760 in seinem vierten Buch des „Du contrat social“ das Phänomen der „réligion civile“ beschrieb, wobei viele der von ihm beschriebenen Merkmale auch heute noch auf den Begriff „Civil Religion“ zutreffen. Danach wird erläutert, wie Alexis de Toqueville in seinem Werk „De la Démocratie en Amérique“, welches er nach seiner Amerikareise im Jahre 1831 verfasste, als Erster die „Civil Religion“ in den USA beschreibt. Nach der Abhandlung dieser beiden Klassiker soll der Be griff „Civil Religion“ aus heutiger wissenschaftlicher Sicht beschrieben und dargestellt werden.
Author: Roger Griffin Publisher: Columbia University Press ISBN: 3838256743 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 521
Book Description
In the opinion of some historians the era of fascism ended with the deaths of Mussolini and Hitler. Yet the debate about its nature as a historical phenomenon and its value as a term of historical analysis continues to rage with ever greater intensity, each major attempt to resolve it producing different patterns of support, dissent, and even hostility, from academic colleagues. Nevertheless, a number of developments since 1945 not only complicate the methodological and definitional issues even further, but make it ever more desirable that politicians, journalists, lawyers, and the general public can turn to "experts" for a heuristically useful and broadly consensual definition of the term. These developments include: the emergence of a highly prolific European New Right, the rise of radical right populist parties, the flourishing of ultra-nationalist movements in the former Soviet empire, the radicalization of some currents of Islam and Hinduism into potent political forces, and the upsurge of religious terrorism. Most monographs and articles attempting to establish what is meant by fascism are written from a unilateral authoritative perspective, and the intense academic controversy the term provokes has to be gleaned from reviews and conference discussions. The uniqueness of this book is that it provides exceptional insights into the cut-and-thrust of the controversy as it unfolds on numerous fronts simultaneously, clarifying salient points of difference and moving towards some degree of consensus. Twenty-nine established academics were invited to engage with an article by Roger Griffin, one of the most influential theorists in the study of generic fascism in the Anglophone world. The resulting debate progressed through two 'rounds' of critique and reply, forming a fascinating patchwork of consensus and sometimes heated disagreement. In a spin-off from the original discussion of Griffin's concept of fascism, a second exchange documented here focuses on the issue of fascist ideology in contemporary Russia. This collection is essential reading for all those who realize the need to provide the term 'fascism' with theoretical rigor, analytical precision, and empirical content despite the complex issues it raises, and for any specialist who wants to participate in fascist studies within an international forum of expertise. The book will change the way in which historians and political scientists think about fascism, and make the debate about the threat it poses to infant democracies like Russia more incisive not just for academics, but for politicians, journalists, and the wider public.
Author: Antje Flüchter Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319097407 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 276
Book Description
The purpose of this volume is to identify and analyze the mechanisms and processes through which concepts and institutions of transcultural phenomena gain and are given momentum. Applied to a range of cases, including examples drawn from ancient Greece and modern India, the early modern Portuguese presence in China and politics of elite-mass dynamics in the People’s Republic of China, the book provides a template for the study of transcultural dynamics over time. Besides the epochal range, the papers in this volume illustrate the thematic diversity assembled under the umbrella of the Heidelberg Cluster of Excellence “Asia and Europe in a Global Context.” Drawing from both the humanities and social sciences, stretching across several world areas and centuries, the book is an interdisciplinary work, aptly reflected in the collaboration of its editors: a historian and political scientist.
Author: Arnold Suppan Publisher: Austrian Academy of Sciences Press ISBN: 9783700184102 Category : Balkan Peninsula Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
In the spring of 1945, Fuhrer and Reich Chancellor Adolf Hitler, President Edvard Benes, and Marshal Josip Broz Tito stood as examples of the complete rupture between the Germans and Austrians on the one hand, and the Czechs, Slovaks, Slovenes, Croats, Serbs, and Bosniaks on the other. The total break that occurred in World War II with war crimes, crimes against humanity, and even genocides (particularly against the Jews and "Gypsies") had a long pre-history, beginning with violent nationalist clashes in the Habsburg Monarchy during the revolutions of 1848/49. Therefore, this monograph - based on a broad range of international primary and secondary sources - explores the development of the political, legal, economic, social, and cultural "communities of conflict" within Austria-Hungary, especially in the Bohemian and South Slavic countries, the making of the Paris Peace Treaties in 1919/20 by violating President Wilson's principle of self-determination, particularly in drawing new borders and creating new economic units, and the perpetuated ethnic-national conflicts between Czechs and Germans, Slovaks and Magyars, Slovenes and Germans, Croats and Serbs as well as Serbs and Germans in the successor states, deepening the differences between the nations of East-Central Europe. Although many kings, presidents, chancellors, ministers, governors, diplomats, business tycoons, generals, Nazi-Gauleiter, higher SS and police leaders, and Communist functionaries have appeared as historical actors in the 170 years of East-Central and Southeastern European history, Hitler, Benes, and Tito remain especially present in historical memory at the beginning of the twenty-first century.
Author: Paul Steege Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 0521864968 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 31
Book Description
This book is a history of everyday life and explains how and why Berlin became the symbolic capital of the Cold War. Paul Steege anchors his account of this emerging global conflict in the terrain of a city literally shattered by World War II.
Author: J. Muller Publisher: Springer ISBN: 1403982546 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 263
Book Description
The contributors of this volume seek to answer such questions as: 'How did the Germans overcome 'Germanic Ideology', or did they?' 'Why is there no libertarianism in Germany?' 'What do German conservatives wish to conserve?'. Emphasizing shared patterns of thought, the contributors trace the contours of political thought in a divided nation with a difficult past, and ion the shadow of the culture and political values of the United States.
Author: Otto Dann Publisher: A&C Black ISBN: 0907628974 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 236
Book Description
It has been almost a truism of European history that the French Revolution gave a great stimulus to the growth of modern nationalism. This collection of original essays in English sets out to examine in detail, for the first time, in what ways and for what reasons the era of the Revolution did see major developments in this respect in various parts of Europe.
Author: Wilson J. Moses Publisher: NYU Press ISBN: 0814755240 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 267
Book Description
Classical Black Nationalism traces the evolution of black nationalist thought through several phases, from its "proto-nationalistic" phase in the late 1700s through a hiatus in the 1830s, through its flourishing in the 1850s, its eventual eclipse in the 1870s, and its resurgence in the Garvey movement of the 1920s. Moses incorporates a wide range of black nationalist perspectives, including African American capitalists Paul Cuffe and James Forten, Robert Alexander Young from his "Ethiopian Manifesto", and more well-known voices such as those of Marcus Garvey, W. E. B. Du Bois, and others.
Author: Tyler Anbinder Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA ISBN: 0195089227 Category : Antislavery movements Languages : en Pages : 357
Book Description
Although the United States has always portrayed itself as a sanctuary for the world's victim's of poverty and oppression, anti-immigrant movements have enjoyed remarkable success throughout American history. None attained greater prominence than the Order of the Star Spangled Banner, a fraternal order referred to most commonly as the Know Nothing party. Vowing to reduce the political influence of immigrants and Catholics, the Know Nothings burst onto the American political scene in 1854, and by the end of the following year they had elected eight governors, more than one hundred congressmen, and thousands of other local officials including the mayors of Boston, Philadelphia, San Francisco, and Chicago. After their initial successes, the Know Nothings attempted to increase their appeal by converting their network of lodges into a conventional political organization, which they christened the "American Party." Recently, historians have pointed to the Know Nothings' success as evidence that ethnic and religious issues mattered more to nineteenth-century voters than better-known national issues such as slavery. In this important book, however, Anbinder argues that the Know Nothings' phenomenal success was inextricably linked to the firm stance their northern members took against the extension of slavery. Most Know Nothings, he asserts, saw slavery and Catholicism as interconnected evils that should be fought in tandem. Although the Know Nothings certainly were bigots, their party provided an early outlet for the anti-slavery sentiment that eventually led to the Civil War. Anbinder's study presents the first comprehensive history of America's most successful anti-immigrant movement, as well as a major reinterpretation of the political crisis that led to the Civil War.
Author: Michael A. Burayidi Publisher: University Press of America ISBN: 9780761805939 Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 414
Book Description
This book provides a discussion of multiculturalism from a global perspective. It progresses from a discussion of the ideological and philosophical arguments for multiculturalism through its political, public policy, and socio-economic dimensions. Multicultural practices from Canada, Germany, India, Israel, Nigeria, Rwanda, the United Kingdom, and the United States are discussed. The response to multiculturalism differs from one country to the other and is influenced by the political context, rules of immigration, colonial legacy, domestic institutional structures, and pressure from interest groups. Because multiculturalism is a contentious issue as groups vie for limited resources, the debate on multiculturalism will be a heated one. Governments can facilitate the process by creating an environment that enables the exchange of ideas without conflict and antagonism.
Author: Tim Stahnke
Author: Tim Stahnke
Author: Roger Griffin
Author: Antje Flüchter
Author: Arnold Suppan
Author: Paul Steege
Author: J. Muller
Author: Otto Dann
Author: Wilson J. Moses
Author: Tyler Anbinder
Author: Michael A. Burayidi