Innovation and Inequality PDF Download

Author: Susan Cozzens
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN: 1781951675
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 357

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Book Description
Susan Cozzens, Dhanaraj Thakur, and the other co-authors ask how the benefits and costs of emerging technologies are distributed amongst different countries _ some rich and some poor. Examining the case studies of five technologies across eight countri

Author: Geoffrey Gertz
Publisher: Brookings Institution Press
ISBN: 0815732562
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 308

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Book Description
" The achievements and legacy of the Wolfensohn Center for Development at Brookings The Imperative of Development highlights the research and policy analysis produced by the Wolfensohn Center for Development at Brookings. The Center, which operated from 2006 to 2011, was the first home at Brookings for research on international development. It sought to help identify effective solutions to key development challenges in order to create a more prosperous and stable world. Founded by James and Elaine Wolfensohn, the Center’s mission was to “to create knowledge that leads to action with real, scaled-up, and lasting development impact.” This volume reviews the Center’s achievements and lasting legacy, combining highlights of its most important research with new essays that examine the context and impact of that research. Six primary research streams of the Wolfensohn Center’s work are highlighted in The Imperative of Development: the shifting structure of the world economy in the twenty-first century; the challenge of scaling up the impact of development interventions; the effectiveness of development assistance; how to promote economic and social inclusion for Middle Eastern youth; the case for investing in early child development; and the need for global governance reform. In each chapter, a scholar associated with the particular research topic provides an overview of the issue and its broader context, then describes the Center’s work on the topic and the subsequent influence and impact of these efforts. The Imperative of Development chronicles the growth and expansion of the first center for development research in Brookings’s 100-year history and traces how the seeds of this initiative continue to bear fruit. "

Author: Peter A. Hall
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0199247749
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 557

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Book Description
Applying the new economics of organisation and relational theories of the firm to the problem of understanding cross-national variation in the political economy, this volume elaborates a new understanding of the institutional differences that characterise the 'varieties of capitalism' worldwide.

Author: Nicholas A Ashford
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 0429886470
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 658

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Book Description
Technology, Globalization, and Sustainable Development offers a unified, transdisciplinary approach for transforming the industrial state in order to promote sustainable development. The authors present a deep analysis of the ways that industrial states – both developed and developing – are currently unsustainable and how economic and social welfare are related to the environment, to public health and safety, and to earning capacity and meaningful and rewarding employment. The authors offer multipurpose solutions to the sustainability challenge that integrate industrial development, employment, technology, environment, national and international law, trade, finance, and public and worker health and safety. The authors present a compelling wake-up call that warns of the collision course set between the current paths of continued growth and inevitable unsustainability in the world today. Offering clear examples and real solutions, this textbook illustrates how the driving forces that are currently promoting unsustainability can be refocused and redesigned to reverse course and improve the state of the world. This book is essential reading for those teaching and studying sustainable development and the critical roles of the economy, employment, and the environment.

Author: Mehak Anjum Siddiquei
Publisher: IJOPEC Publications
ISBN: 0993211836
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 150

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Book Description
This edited book is a collection of selected papers, presented at the International Conference of Political Economy (ICOPEC 2016). The deliberate employment of the term “political economy” in the title “International Conference of Political Economy” implies the fact that economics is perceived as an integral part of social phenomena in the International Conference of Political Economy (ICOPEC). Accordingly, even if economic institutions and relations form the foundations of society in the contemporary world, economic development is dependent on social power and dynamics, while economic policies, per se, are shaped by not only technical processes but also diverse interests and choices. Within this context, politics is involved in every encounter between different economic classes, social groups and genders being shaped by the visions of a better life as the subject matter of philosophy, ethics and religion and at times it finds its best expression in art. Law, on the other hand, is the embodiment of all social relations which are, in their essence, political. Thus, this conference does not reduce society to market relations only, despite positioning the economy in the heart of social relations. Above all, it considers the society as a political entity. Indeed, everything constitutes the subject matter of politics. The arguments in favour of purifying market relations from the influence of politics and the discourse that they take place on their own right serve to disguise the conflicts of interest and power asymmetries inherent therein. This conference regards man as homo politicus, as Aristoteles put it, rather than homo economicus. In 2016, ICOPEC conferences were turned into a conference series with its 7th conference and the main theme of the 7th conference was determined as “State, Economic Policy, Taxation and Development". IJOPEC Publication has undertaken to publish selected papers, presented at this conference in English and Turkish, in five different edited books. In the 90s the phenomena of globalization managed to dominate political, popular, and academic debates. While reading a newspaper or a book, watching television, surfing the Internet, or participating in a demonstration we come across the links of globalization in our everyday lives. Globalization as a wide term is variously blamed or credited with a huge range of negative effects, e. g. it is often related to social problems ranging from famine to floods, from pollution to poverty, and from rural depopulation to urban overcrowding. On the contrary, globalization can be also considered as the source of success in development, for instance decrease in the poverty levels, economic prosperity and growth, better services, and enhanced awareness of human rights. Nevertheless, some sceptics of the benefits from globalization have also described the potential ways in transforming political, economic, and social relations within and between countries. This transformation may lead to the benefit of human welfare worldwide. T İsmail Şiriner, Bryan Christiansen, Julia Dobreva (Introduction: Political Economy of Globalization: Financialization & Crises) 10 Since the 80s, we can observe a significant increase in the role of the financial sector. This progress is often referred to as financialization. Financialization has many features and affects numerous different economic entities (Epstein 2015; Stockhammer 2013). One key component is the magnificent growth of the financial sector. Greenwood & Scharfstein (2013) point out a massive rise of the financial service sector in the USA during the last 30 years. The growth can be proved either by the financial sector’s share in GDP, the quantity of financial assets, or by employment and average wages in the financial sector. But this growth is not related to the USA; although to a softer scope, similar processes can also be observed in other OECD countries (Philippon & Reshel 2013). The financial rise has its base in the deregulation and liberalization of the financial (and economic) system. From this point of view, financialization is the cause rather than the effect. This is the major difference compared to the other approaches. Financialization can affect the macro-economy through four main channels. These are income distribution, investment in capital stock, household debt, and net exports and current account balances. As a correction, it is discussed that economic structures governed by financialization should be addressed on four dimensions: a) re-regulation and reduction of the financial sector, b) redistribution of income from top to bottom and from capital to labour, c) re-orientation of macroeconomic policies to stabilize domestic demand at non-inflationary full employment levels, and eventually d) re-creation of international monetary and economic policy coordination.

Author: Joseph Stiglitz
Publisher: The New Press
ISBN: 1595585915
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 241

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Book Description
The fact that our global economy is broken may be widely accepted, but what precisely needs to be fixed has become the subject of enormous controversy. In 2008, the president of the United Nations General Assembly convened an international panel, chaired by Nobel Prize–;winning economist Joseph Stiglitz and including twenty leading international experts on the international monetary system, to address this crucial issue. The Stiglitz Report, released by the committee in late 2009, sees the recent financial crisis as the latest and most damaging of several concurrent crises—of food, water, energy, and sustainability—that are tightly interrelated. The analysis and recommendations in the report cover the gamut from short-term mitigation to deep structural changes, from crisis response to reform of the global, economic, and financial architecture. The report establishes a bold agenda for policy change, that is sure to be the gold standard for understanding and contending with the international economy for many years to come. The Stiglitz Report is essential reading for anyone concerned about a secure and prosperous world.

Author: Joseph E. Stiglitz
Publisher: The New Press
ISBN: 1595585206
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 241

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Book Description
The fact that the global economy is broken may be widely accepted, but what precisely needs to be fixed has become the subject of enormous controversy. In 2008, the President of the United Nations General Assembly convened an international panel, chaired by Nobel Prize-winning economist Joseph Stiglitz and including 20 leading experts on the international monetary system, to address this crucial issue. This report controversially establishes a bold agenda for policy change, both broad in scope and profound in its ambitions.

Author: Vicente Navarro
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351863991
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 357

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Book Description
Since U.S. President Reagan and U.K. Prime Minister Thatcher, a major ideology (under the name of economic science) has been expanded worldwide that claims that the best policies to stimulate human development are those that reduce the role of the state in economic and social lives: privatizing public services and public enterprises, deregulating the mobility of capital and labor, eliminating protectionism, and reducing public social protection. This ideology, called 'neoliberalism,' has guided the globalization of economic activity and become the conventional wisdom in international agencies and institutions (such as the IMF, World Bank, World Trade Organization, and the technical agencies of the United Nations, including the WHO). Reproduced in the 'Washington consensus' in the United States and the 'Brussels consensus' in the European Union, this ideology has guided policies widely accepted as the only ones possible and advisable.This book assembles a series of articles that challenge that ideology. Written by well-known scholars, these articles question each of the tenets of neoliberal doctrine, showing how the policies guided by this ideology have adversely affected human development in the countries where they have been implemented.

Author: Pan Yotopoulos
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1134109946
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 225

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Book Description
The discourse on globalization has become polarized. Proponents consider globalization as the silver bullet for targeting growth in the world economy and for poor countries specifically, while opponents see it as the poisoned arrow of exploitation and impoverishment of the Third World. Splendidly edited, The Asymmetries of Globalization deals with the 'what' and 'how' but primarily with 'why' globalization has most often negative outcomes for developing countries. It breaks new ground in approaching globalization not only as trade commodities, but also as trade in positional goods ('decommodified trade.') The two novel and munificent forms of post-Ricardian decommodified trade, trade in services and trade in hard currency in the form of currency substitution, are sculpted in the introductory chapter as the foundation of the systematic asymmetries of globalization. The analytical approach of introducing 'positional goods' in the form of decommodified trade, in the discource on globalization, is original. It is also timely in a situation where the tail of trade in 'services' has grown enough to wag the traditional trade-in-commodities dog of globalization. The balance of the chapters in this volume constitute a tapestry of case studies that elaborate and empirically investigate the causes of systematic asymmetries of globalization. The book's appeal transcends economics to make it also highly useful to students across the disciplines of sociology and political science, especially in the fields of international political economy and the politics of international trade. It will certainly enlighten all those working in the general areas of globalization, poverty and economic development.

Author: Sylvia Walby
Publisher: SAGE
ISBN: 1446202313
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 521

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Book Description
How has globalization changed social inequality? Why do Americans die younger than Europeans, despite larger incomes? Is there an alternative to neoliberalism? Who are the champions of social democracy? Why are some countries more violent than others? In this groundbreaking book, Sylvia Walby examines the many changing forms of social inequality and their intersectionalities at both country and global levels. She shows how the contest between different modernities and conceptions of progress shape the present and future. The book re-thinks the nature of economy, polity, civil society and violence. It places globalization and inequalities at the centre of an innovative new understanding of modernity and progress and demonstrates the power of these theoretical reformulations in practice, drawing on global data and in-depth analysis of the US and EU. Walby analyses the tensions between the different forces that are shaping global futures. She examines the regulation and deregulation of employment and welfare; domestic and public gender regimes; secular and religious polities; path dependent trajectories and global political waves; and global inequalities and human rights.