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Author: Steven N. Keith Publisher: ISBN: Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 72
Book Description
Based on an analysis of data on people who graduated from U.S. medical schools in 1975, this study reports on the ways that specialty choice, practice location, patient populations served, and board certification rates differ between minority and nonminority graduates. It also considers the relationship of premedical school performance and socioeconomic status to these variables. Although they entered the primary care specialties to a greater extent than nonminorities, there is an impressive dispersion of minority graduates across all specialties. Minority graduates are practicing in physician-shortage areas at twice the rate of their nonminority counterparts, and they are caring for significantly greater proportions of minority and Medicaid patients. Only about half the minority physicians had obtained board certification in their specialty, compared with four-fifths of the nonminority graduates. The results for specialty choice, practice location, and patient characteristics support the continuing affirmative action in medical schools.
Author: Steven N. Keith Publisher: ISBN: Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 72
Book Description
Based on an analysis of data on people who graduated from U.S. medical schools in 1975, this study reports on the ways that specialty choice, practice location, patient populations served, and board certification rates differ between minority and nonminority graduates. It also considers the relationship of premedical school performance and socioeconomic status to these variables. Although they entered the primary care specialties to a greater extent than nonminorities, there is an impressive dispersion of minority graduates across all specialties. Minority graduates are practicing in physician-shortage areas at twice the rate of their nonminority counterparts, and they are caring for significantly greater proportions of minority and Medicaid patients. Only about half the minority physicians had obtained board certification in their specialty, compared with four-fifths of the nonminority graduates. The results for specialty choice, practice location, and patient characteristics support the continuing affirmative action in medical schools.
Author: Institute of Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309166616 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 429
Book Description
The United States is rapidly transforming into one of the most racially and ethnically diverse nations in the world. Groups commonly referred to as minorities-including Asian Americans, Pacific Islanders, African Americans, Hispanics, American Indians, and Alaska Natives-are the fastest growing segments of the population and emerging as the nation's majority. Despite the rapid growth of racial and ethnic minority groups, their representation among the nation's health professionals has grown only modestly in the past 25 years. This alarming disparity has prompted the recent creation of initiatives to increase diversity in health professions. In the Nation's Compelling Interest considers the benefits of greater racial and ethnic diversity, and identifies institutional and policy-level mechanisms to garner broad support among health professions leaders, community members, and other key stakeholders to implement these strategies. Assessing the potential benefits of greater racial and ethnic diversity among health professionals will improve the access to and quality of healthcare for all Americans.
Author: Stanley A. Renshon Publisher: Georgetown University Press ISBN: 9781589013834 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 422
Book Description
With enormous numbers of new immigrants, America is becoming dramatically more diverse racially, culturally, and ethnically. As a result, the United States faces questions that have profound consequences for its future. What does it mean to be an American? Is a new American identity developing? At the same time, the coherence of national culture has been challenged by the expansion of—and attacks on—individual and group rights, and by political leaders who prefer to finesse rather than engage cultural controversies. Many of the ideals on which the country was founded are under intense, often angry, debate, and the historic tension between individuality and community has never been felt so keenly. In One America?, distinguished contributors discuss the role of national leadership, especially the presidency, at a time when a fragmented and dysfunctional national identity has become a real possibility. Holding political views that encompass the thoughtful left and right of center, they address fundamental issues such as affirmative action, presidential engagement in questions of race, dual citizenship, interracial relationships, and English as the basic language. This book is the first examination of the role of national political leaders in maintaining or dissipating America’s national identity. It will be vital reading for political scientists, historians, policymakers, students, and anyone concerned with the future of American politics and society.
Author: Richard Sander Publisher: Basic Books ISBN: 0465030017 Category : Law Languages : en Pages : 370
Book Description
The debate over affirmative action has raged for over four decades, with little give on either side. Most agree that it began as noble effort to jump-start racial integration; many believe it devolved into a patently unfair system of quotas and concealment. Now, with the Supreme Court set to rule on a case that could sharply curtail the use of racial preferences in American universities, law professor Richard Sander and legal journalist Stuart Taylor offer a definitive account of what affirmative action has become, showing that while the objective is laudable, the effects have been anything but. Sander and Taylor have long admired affirmative action's original goals, but after many years of studying racial preferences, they have reached a controversial but undeniable conclusion: that preferences hurt underrepresented minorities far more than they help them. At the heart of affirmative action's failure is a simple phenomenon called mismatch. Using dramatic new data and numerous interviews with affected former students and university officials of color, the authors show how racial preferences often put students in competition with far better-prepared classmates, dooming many to fall so far behind that they can never catch up. Mismatch largely explains why, even though black applicants are more likely to enter college than whites with similar backgrounds, they are far less likely to finish; why there are so few black and Hispanic professionals with science and engineering degrees and doctorates; why black law graduates fail bar exams at four times the rate of whites; and why universities accept relatively affluent minorities over working class and poor people of all races. Sander and Taylor believe it is possible to achieve the goal of racial equality in higher education, but they argue that alternative policies -- such as full public disclosure of all preferential admission policies, a focused commitment to improving socioeconomic diversity on campuses, outreach to minority communities, and a renewed focus on K-12 schooling -- will go farther in achieving that goal than preferences, while also allowing applicants to make informed decisions. Bold, controversial, and deeply researched, Mismatch calls for a renewed examination of this most divisive of social programs -- and for reforms that will help realize the ultimate goal of racial equality.
Author: William M. Rodgers Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing ISBN: 184720015X Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 315
Book Description
The papers contained in the first part of the book are particularly valuable as a primer for researchers interested in economic discrimination. On this basis alone this book is recommended for researchers seeking an overview of current techniques for assessing economic discrimination. . . The final section nicely highlights both the importance in understanding the interaction of policy and economic discrimination, and the difficulties in isolating policy effects. Education Economics Editor Rodgers has compiled a very useful book that summarizes the current state of the literature on economic discrimination. . . This reviewer learned something new and interesting in every chapter and particularly appreciated the clear survey of the age discrimination literature. . . This book will be of value to academics and to those in the legal arena. Highly recommended. J.P. Jacobsen, Choice Discrimination s dynamic nature means that no single theory, method, data or study should be relied upon to assess its magnitude, causes, or remedies. Despite some gains in our understanding, these remain active areas of debate among researchers, practitioners and policymakers. The specially commissioned papers in this volume, all by distinguished contributors, present the full range of issues related to this complex and challenging problem. Part 1 explores innovations in methods and data collection that help to provide richer descriptions of inequality. Part 2 reviews empirical evidence on discrimination that people with disabilities, older workers and gay, lesbian and bisexual individuals face. Although discrimination among these groups is not new, this Handbook shows that economists are beginning to more fully document their experiences. Part 3 presents a balanced discussion of anti-discrimination policies and the impact of affirmative action. The methods and data chapters are particularly designed to encourage researchers to utilize the new approaches and develop new data sources. Accessible and comprehensive, the Handbook is the seminal reference on the economics of discrimination for academic and professional economists, graduate students, advanced undergraduates, practitioners, policymakers, and funders of social science research.
Author: Sally Satel Publisher: Basic Books ISBN: 0465012345 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 302
Book Description
Drawing on a wealth of information PC, M.D. documents for the first time what happens when the tenets of political correctness-including victimology, multiculturalism, rejection of fixed truths and individual autonomy-are allowed to enter the fortress of medicine.
Author: Thomas Sowell Publisher: Yale University Press ISBN: 9780300107753 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 258
Book Description
An eminent authority presents a new perspective on affirmative action in a provocative book that will stir fresh debate about this vitally important issue
Author: Susan Welch Publisher: University of Michigan Press ISBN: 0472022717 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 202
Book Description
Affirmative action is one of the central issues of American politics today, and admission to colleges and universities has been at the center of the debate. While this issue has been discussed for years, there is very little real data on the impact of affirmative action programs on admissions to institutions of higher learning. Susan Welch and John Gruhl in this groundbreaking study look at the impact on admissions of policies developed in the wake of the United States Supreme Court's landmark 1978 Bakke decision. In Bakke, the Court legitimized the use of race as one of several factors that could be considered in admissions decisions, while forbidding the use of quotas. Opponents of affirmative action claim that because of the Bakke decision thousands of less-qualified minorities have been granted admission in preference to more qualified white students; proponents claim that without the affirmative action policies articulated in Bakke, minorities would not have made the gains they have made in higher education. Based on a survey of admissions officers for law and medical schools and national enrollment data, the authors give us the first analysis of the real impact of the Bakke decision and affirmative action programs on enrollments in medical and law schools. Admission to medical schools and law schools is much sought after and is highly competitive. In examining admissions patterns to these schools the authors are able to identify the effects of affirmative action programs and the Bakke decision in what may be the most challenging case. This book will appeal to scholars of race and gender in political science, sociology and education as well as those interested in the study of affirmative action policies. Susan Welch is Dean of the College of Liberal Arts and Professor of Political Science, Pennsylvania State University. John Gruhl is Professor of Political Science, University of Nebraska-Lincoln.
Author: Steven N. Keith
Author: Steven N. Keith
Author: Institute of Medicine
Author: Stanley A. Renshon
Author: Richard Sander
Author: United States Commission on Civil Rights
Author: William M. Rodgers
Author: Sally Satel
Author: Thomas Sowell
Author: 
Author: Susan Welch