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Author: Drivet, Alessio Publisher: IGI Global ISBN: 1799838722 Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 369
Book Description
Several years ago, there began a consideration of the inadequacy of a traditional approach to teaching mathematics. Many teachers and perhaps a majority of the students often realize something is wrong with these methods and report a lack of enthusiasm in dealing with the discipline. Many teachers think that certain established habits have a serious pedagogical basis, and therefore, it is difficult to question them. In addition, perhaps, there is also a certain fear in imagining and experimenting with new ways. Unfortunately, the excessive use of examples and abstract formulations with exclusive reference to algebraic language distances the student from the pleasure of the discipline. Mathematics, on the other hand, requires attention and concentration, but the understanding of its meaning gives rise to interest, pleasure to discover, and promotes deep learning. This is where studying probability from an operational approach has gained much traction. The most interesting aspect is the use of a very artisanal approach, starting with objects that students can, in part, find in their daily lives. Trying to identify objects and situations that speak of "different mathematics," embodied in everyday life, may offer more possibilities to deal with the mathematical illiteracy that seems to afflict a large part of our society. Examining an Operational Approach to Teaching Probability focuses on probability examined from an educational point of view and the implementation of a very concrete operational approach in the classroom. Two main pillars are examined within this book: concrete objects and IT tools used to perform simulations for probability teaching. Each chapter is devoted to an essential concept related to probability and covers the operational approach all the way from its historical development to types of probability studies, different teaching methods within the approach, and the theories surrounding it. This book is ideal for pre-service and in-service teachers looking for nontraditional approaches in teaching along with instructional designers, curricula developers, practitioners, researchers, academicians, and students interested in learning more about operational research and the use of objects to introduce probabilistic concepts in a new method of teaching.
Author: Drivet, Alessio Publisher: IGI Global ISBN: 1799838722 Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 369
Book Description
Several years ago, there began a consideration of the inadequacy of a traditional approach to teaching mathematics. Many teachers and perhaps a majority of the students often realize something is wrong with these methods and report a lack of enthusiasm in dealing with the discipline. Many teachers think that certain established habits have a serious pedagogical basis, and therefore, it is difficult to question them. In addition, perhaps, there is also a certain fear in imagining and experimenting with new ways. Unfortunately, the excessive use of examples and abstract formulations with exclusive reference to algebraic language distances the student from the pleasure of the discipline. Mathematics, on the other hand, requires attention and concentration, but the understanding of its meaning gives rise to interest, pleasure to discover, and promotes deep learning. This is where studying probability from an operational approach has gained much traction. The most interesting aspect is the use of a very artisanal approach, starting with objects that students can, in part, find in their daily lives. Trying to identify objects and situations that speak of "different mathematics," embodied in everyday life, may offer more possibilities to deal with the mathematical illiteracy that seems to afflict a large part of our society. Examining an Operational Approach to Teaching Probability focuses on probability examined from an educational point of view and the implementation of a very concrete operational approach in the classroom. Two main pillars are examined within this book: concrete objects and IT tools used to perform simulations for probability teaching. Each chapter is devoted to an essential concept related to probability and covers the operational approach all the way from its historical development to types of probability studies, different teaching methods within the approach, and the theories surrounding it. This book is ideal for pre-service and in-service teachers looking for nontraditional approaches in teaching along with instructional designers, curricula developers, practitioners, researchers, academicians, and students interested in learning more about operational research and the use of objects to introduce probabilistic concepts in a new method of teaching.
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 030904894X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 668
Book Description
The public depends on competent risk assessment from the federal government and the scientific community to grapple with the threat of pollution. When risk reports turn out to be overblownâ€"or when risks are overlookedâ€"public skepticism abounds. This comprehensive and readable book explores how the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) can improve its risk assessment practices, with a focus on implementation of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments. With a wealth of detailed information, pertinent examples, and revealing analysis, the volume explores the "default option" and other basic concepts. It offers two views of EPA operations: The first examines how EPA currently assesses exposure to hazardous air pollutants, evaluates the toxicity of a substance, and characterizes the risk to the public. The second, more holistic, view explores how EPA can improve in several critical areas of risk assessment by focusing on cross-cutting themes and incorporating more scientific judgment. This comprehensive volume will be important to the EPA and other agencies, risk managers, environmental advocates, scientists, faculty, students, and concerned individuals.
Author: Gideon Keren Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1118468392 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 1056
Book Description
A comprehensive, up-to-date examination of the most important theory, concepts, methodological approaches, and applications in the burgeoning field of judgment and decision making (JDM) Emphasizes the growth of JDM applications with chapters devoted to medical decision making, decision making and the law, consumer behavior, and more Addresses controversial topics from multiple perspectives – such as choice from description versus choice from experience – and contrasts between empirical methodologies employed in behavioral economics and psychology Brings together a multi-disciplinary group of contributors from across the social sciences, including psychology, economics, marketing, finance, public policy, sociology, and philosophy 2 Volumes
Author: H. Jungermann Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9401012768 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 525
Book Description
It is only just recently that people have the tools to judge how well they are doing when making decisions. These tools were conceptualized in the seventeenth century. Since then many people have worked to sharpen the concepts, and to explore how these can be applied further. The problems of decision-making and the theory developed correspondingly have drawn the interest of mathematicians, psychologists, statisticians, economists, philosophers, organizational experts, sociologists, not only for their general relevance, but also for a more intrinsic fascination. There are quite a few institutionalized activities to disseminate results and stimulate research in decision-making. For about a decade now a European organizational structure, centered mainly around the psy chological interest in decision-making. There have been conferences in Hamburg, Amsterdam, Uxbridge, Rome and Darmstadt. Conference papers have been partly published+. The organization has thus stabilized, and its re latively long history makes it interesting to see what kind of developments occurred, within the area of interest.
Author: C. Guedes Soares Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0080552153 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 791
Book Description
These three volumes comprise the papers presented at the ESREL '97 International Conference on Safety and Reliability held in Lisbon, Portugal, 17-20 June 1997. The purpose of the annual ESREL conferences is to provide a forum for the presentation of technical and scientific papers covering both methods and applications of safety and reliability to a wide range of industrial sectors and technical disciplines and, in so doing, to enhance cross-fertilization between them.A broad view is taken of safety and reliability which includes probabilistically-based methods, or, more generally, methods that deal with the quantification of the uncertainty in the knowledge of the real world and with decision-making under this uncertainty.The areas covered include: design and product liability; availability, reliability and maintainability; assessment and management of risks to technical systems; health and the environment; and mathematical methods of reliability and statistical analysis of data.The organization of the book closely follows the sessions of the conference with each of the three volumes containing papers from two parallel sessions, comprising a total of 270 papers by authors from 35 countries.
Author: Jeffrey A. Friedman Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 0190938048 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 272
Book Description
Uncertainty surrounds every major decision in international politics. Yet there is almost always room for reasonable people to disagree about what that uncertainty entails. No one can reliably predict the outbreak of armed conflict, forecast economic recessions, anticipate terrorist attacks, or estimate the countless other risks that shape foreign policy choices. Many scholars and practitioners therefore believe that it is better to keep foreign policy debates focused on the facts - that it is, at best, a waste of time to debate uncertain judgments that will often prove to be wrong. In War and Chance, Jeffrey A. Friedman shows how foreign policy officials often try to avoid the challenge of assessing uncertainty, and argues that this behavior undermines high-stakes decision making. Drawing on an innovative combination of historical and experimental evidence, he explains how foreign policy analysts can assess uncertainty in a manner that is theoretically coherent, empirically meaningful, politically defensible, practically useful, and sometimes logically necessary for making sound choices. Each of these claims contradicts widespread skepticism about the value of probabilistic reasoning in international politics, and shows how placing greater emphasis on assessing uncertainty can improve nearly any foreign policy debate. A clear-eyed examination of the logic, psychology, and politics of assessing uncertainty, War and Chance provides scholars and practitioners with new foundations for understanding one of the most controversial elements of foreign policy discourse.
Author: Marilyn MacCrimmon Publisher: Physica ISBN: 3790817929 Category : Law Languages : en Pages : 491
Book Description
Fact finding in judicial proceedings is a dynamic process. This collection of papers considers whether computational methods or other formal logical methods developed in disciplines such as artificial intelligence, decision theory, and probability theory can facilitate the study and management of dynamic evidentiary and inferential processes in litigation. The papers gathered here have several epicenters, including (i) the dynamics of judicial proof, (ii) the relationship between artificial intelligence or formal analysis and "common sense," (iii) the logic of factual inference, including (a) the relationship between causality and inference and (b) the relationship between language and factual inference, (iv) the logic of discovery, including the role of abduction and serendipity in the process of investigation and proof of factual matters, and (v) the relationship between decision and inference.
Author: John Read Publisher: CSIRO PUBLISHING ISBN: 0643101101 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 511
Book Description
Guidelines for Open Pit Slope Design is a comprehensive account of the open pit slope design process. Created as an outcome of the Large Open Pit (LOP) project, an international research and technology transfer project on rock slope stability in open pit mines, this book provides an up-to-date compendium of knowledge of the slope design processes that should be followed and the tools that are available to aid slope design practitioners. This book links innovative mining geomechanics research into the strength of closely jointed rock masses with the most recent advances in numerical modelling, creating more effective ways for predicting rock slope stability and reliability in open pit mines. It sets out the key elements of slope design, the required levels of effort and the acceptance criteria that are needed to satisfy best practice with respect to pit slope investigation, design, implementation and performance monitoring. Guidelines for Open Pit Slope Design comprises 14 chapters that directly follow the life of mine sequence from project commencement through to closure. It includes: information on gathering all of the field data that is required to create a 3D model of the geotechnical conditions at a mine site; how data is collated and used to design the walls of the open pit; how the design is implemented; up-to-date procedures for wall control and performance assessment, including limits blasting, scaling, slope support and slope monitoring; and how formal risk management procedures can be applied to each stage of the process. This book will assist in meeting stakeholder requirements for pit slopes that are stable, in regards to safety, ore recovery and financial return, for the required life of the mine.
Author: Drivet, Alessio
Author: Drivet, Alessio
Author: National Research Council
Author: Gideon Keren
Author: H. Jungermann
Author: C. Guedes Soares
Author: Richard Jeffrey
Author: David A. Cleaves
Author: Jeffrey A. Friedman
Author: Marilyn MacCrimmon
Author: John Read