APOYO Estadístico e Informático al Estudio de Estimación de Emisiones de Contaminantes Procedentes de Vehículos a Motor PDF Download

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Languages : es
Pages : 0

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El principal objetivo del estudio es presentar los resultados del análisis estadístico de los datos de emisiones de una muestra de 106 turismos, elegida aleatoriamente. Los contaminantes objeto de estudio han sido el monóxido de carbono, hidrocarburos y óxidos de nitrógeno. Se han descrito los principales tipos de modelos de cálculo de emisiones y se han sentado las bases para el desarrollo de una familia de modelos aplicables al cálculo de las emisiones de una unidad geográfica. El documento propone una serie de actuaciones futuras para incrementar la base de datos de emisiones disponibles y avanzan en el desarrollo de modelos de cálculo de emisiones.

Author: Vasco Duke Hernandez
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : es
Pages : 115

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Antes del presente estudio, la calidad del aire respirable en las calles y avenidas de Panama no era objeto de analisis rutinario y completo de forma tal de valorar sus cualidades. Los analisis que alguna vez se llevaron a cabo eran puntuales, es decir, solo se realizaban durante ciertas horas del dia especificamente para uno o dos contaminantes, y por un breve periodo de tiempo, muchas veces no mayor de una semana o maximo un mes. Por primera vez en la ciudad de Panama se realiza un monitoreo de la calidad del aire respirable en calles y avenidas, tomando en cuenta los limites maximos permisibles, de forma rutinaria, y para la mayoria de los contaminantes de criterio. Este estudio ha permitido dictaminar que partes de los contaminantes estudiados, PM10, plomo y oxidos de nitrogeno, los niveles de concentracion se encuentran por arriba de los limites maximos. El PM10 o sea, aquellas particulas menores de 10 micras en tamano, tienen una concentracion alrededor de 73,6 -g/mu un 50 (por ciento) adicional a la norma de 50,0 -g/mu. Para el plomo la concentracion promedio en el area urbana se encuentra en 1,58 -g/mu, un 58 (por ciento) de mas para un limite maximo de 1,0 -g/mu. Los oxidos de nitrogeno o NO[vbar] estan con una concentracion promedio de 63,7 -g/mu, casi un 60 (por ciento) por encima de la norma actual de 40,0 -g/mu. Para los demas contaminantes estudiados las concentraciones se encuentran dentro de la norma. Tambien se encontro que el trafico es una variable que estadisticamente esta correlacionada con el contaminante PM10 con un Coeficiente de Determinacion de R[vbar] = 0,9987, esto tambien es cierto para el contaminante NO[vbar], el cual presento un Coeficiente de Determinacion de R[vbar] = 0,6914. Es conclusion adicional de este estudio el que se observe la calidad del aire en aquellos sitios como el distrito de San Miguelito, donde transitan mas de 90,000 vehiculos por dia, los que ocasionan una gran cantidad de emisiones contaminantes del aire (AU.).

Author: John Moubray
Publisher: Industrial Press Inc.
ISBN: 9780831131463
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 452

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Completely reorganised and comprehensively rewritten for its second edition, this guide to reliability-centred maintenance develops techniques which are practised by over 250 affiliated organisations worldwide.

Author: Metcalf & Eddy, Inc., an AECOM Company
Publisher: McGraw Hill Professional
ISBN: 0071508775
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 1610

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Book Description
An Integrated Approach to Managing the World's Water Resources Water Reuse: Issues, Technologies, and Applications equips water/wastewater students, engineers, scientists, and professionals with a definitive account of the latest water reclamation, recycling, and reuse theory and practice. This landmark textbook presents an integrated approach to all aspects of water reuse _ from public health protection to water quality criteria and regulations to advanced technology to implementation issues. Filled with over 500 detailed illustrations and photographs, Water Reuse: Issues, Technology, and Applications features: In-depth coverage of cutting-edge water reclamation and reuse applications Current issues and developments in public health and environmental protection criteria, regulations, and risk management Review of current advanced treatment technologies, new developments, and practices Special emphasis on process reliability and multiple barrier concepts approach Consideration of satellite and decentralized water reuse facilities Consideration of planning and public participation of water reuse Inside This Landmark Water/Wastewater Management Tool • Water Reuse: An Introduction • Health and Environmental Concerns in Water Reuse • Technologies and Systems for Water Reclamation and Reuse • Water Reuse Applications • Implementing Water Reuse

Author: Mogens Henze
Publisher: IWA Publishing (International Water Assoc)
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 170

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For information on the online course in Biological Wastewater Treatment from UNESCO-IHE, visit: http://www.iwapublishing.co.uk/books/biological-wastewater-treatment-online-course-principles-modeling-and-design Over the past twenty years, the knowledge and understanding of wastewater treatment have advanced extensively and moved away from empirically-based approaches to a first principles approach embracing chemistry, microbiology, physical and bioprocess engineering, and mathematics. Many of these advances have matured to the degree that they have been codified into mathematical models for simulation with computers. For a new generation of young scientists and engineers entering the wastewater treatment profession, the quantity, complexity and diversity of these new developments can be overwhelming, particularly in developing countries where access is not readily available to advanced level tertiary education courses in wastewater treatment. Biological Wastewater Treatment addresses this deficiency. It assembles and integrates the postgraduate course material of a dozen or so professors from research groups around the world that have made significant contributions to the advances in wastewater treatment. The book forms part of an internet-based curriculum in biological wastewater treatment which also includes: Summarized lecture handouts of the topics covered in book Filmed lectures by the author professors Tutorial exercises for students self-learning Upon completion of this curriculum the modern approach of modelling and simulation to wastewater treatment plant design and operation, be it activated sludge, biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal, secondary settling tanks or biofilm systems, can be embraced with deeper insight, advanced knowledge and greater confidence.

Author: Michael Bothe
Publisher: Eleven International Publishing
ISBN: 9077596054
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 458

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Book Description
This book presents the research results of an interdisciplinary study on climate change policies by the Enforcing Environmental Policy (EEP) Network, a project supported by the Human Dimension Potential Programme. Contributions are from highly qualified economic and legal specialists based at research institutes across Europe. The book gives answers to several questions related to the implementation of the international rules on climate change, most notably the Kyoto Protocol. It analyses ways and means to facilitate and encourage compliance with the objectives of the Kyoto Protocol. It is addressed to policy-makers, academics, business-sector and stakeholders throughout and outside Europe. Due to its interdisciplinary approach, this work is a distinctive and unique product compared to the existing literature on the subject. The effective implementation of climate protection and clean air policy requires an understanding of the political, legal and economic structures and constraints facing policy makers - and this is exactly what this book offers.

Author: Eric Dinerstein
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 172

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Approach; Major ecosystem types, major habitat types, and ecoregions of LAC; Conservation status of terretrial ecoregions of LAC; Biological distinctiveness of territorial ecoregions of LAC at different biogeographic scales results; Integrating biological distinctiveness and conservation status; Conservation assessment of mangrove ecosystems.

Author: William McDonough
Publisher: North Point Press
ISBN: 1429973846
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 207

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A manifesto for a radically different philosophy and practice of manufacture and environmentalism "Reduce, reuse, recycle" urge environmentalists; in other words, do more with less in order to minimize damage. But as this provocative, visionary book argues, this approach perpetuates a one-way, "cradle to grave" manufacturing model that dates to the Industrial Revolution and casts off as much as 90 percent of the materials it uses as waste, much of it toxic. Why not challenge the notion that human industry must inevitably damage the natural world? In fact, why not take nature itself as our model? A tree produces thousands of blossoms in order to create another tree, yet we do not consider its abundance wasteful but safe, beautiful, and highly effective; hence, "waste equals food" is the first principle the book sets forth. Products might be designed so that, after their useful life, they provide nourishment for something new-either as "biological nutrients" that safely re-enter the environment or as "technical nutrients" that circulate within closed-loop industrial cycles, without being "downcycled" into low-grade uses (as most "recyclables" now are). Elaborating their principles from experience (re)designing everything from carpeting to corporate campuses, William McDonough and Michael Braungart make an exciting and viable case for change.

Author: Peter Hall
Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
ISBN: 9780631199434
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 502

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Cities of Tomorrow is a critical history of planning in theory and practice in the twentieth century, as well as of the social and economic problems and opportunities that gave rise to it. Trenchant, perceptive, global in coverage, this book is an unrivalled account of its crucial subject. The third edition of Cities of Tomorrow is comprehensively revised to take account of abundant new literature published since its original appearance, and to view the 1990s in historical perspective. This is the definitive edition, reviewing the development of the modern planning movement over the entire span of the twentieth century.

Author: E. Valsami-Jones
Publisher: IWA Publishing
ISBN: 1843390019
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 681

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Phosphorus in Environmental Technology: Principles and Applications, provides a definitive and detailed presentation of state-of-the-art knowledge on the environmental behaviour of phosphorus and its applications to the treatment of waters and soils. Special attention is given to phosphorus removal for recovery technologies, a concept that has emerged over the past 5-6 years. The book features an all-encompassing approach: the fundamental science of phosphorus (chemistry, geochemistry, mineralogy, biology), key aspects of its environmental behaviour and mobility, industrial applications (treatment, removal, recovery) and the principles behind such applications, novel biotechnologies and, importantly, it also addresses socio-economic issues which often influence implementation and the ultimate success of any new technology. A detailed subject index helps the reader to find their way through the different scientific and technological aspects covered, making it an invaluable reference work for students, professionals and consultants dealing with phosphorus-related environmental technologies. State-of-the-art knowledge on the behaviour of phosphorus and its applications to environmental science and technology. Covers all aspects of phosphorus in the environment, engineered and biological systems; an interdisciplinary text.