Author: Paul Kosma Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3709108705 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 445
Book Description
Many pathogens and aberrant malignant cells express unique carbohydrates on their surface representing attractive targets for vaccine design. Considerable progress has recently been made in the identification of novel carbohydrate based vaccines and a large number has reached clinical phase studies. The success of several licensed carbohydrate based vaccines against bacterial pathogens such as Haemophilus influenzae type b, Neisseria meningitidis or Streptococcus pneumoniae demonstrates their great potential. However, the study of anti-carbohydrate antibodies is technically challenging and partly because of low affinities and promiscuous specificity they have not been medically exploited to full potential. The study of antibody specificities and identification of protective carbohydrate epitopes lies at the heart of successful vaccine design. In addition to therapy, antibodies in general serve as diagnostic tools in medical and scientific laboratories. In this setting high affinity and exquisite specificity are important factors for their successful use. “Anticarbohydrate Antibodies – from molecular basis to clinical application” compiles current knowledge on the immunological recognition of carbohydrates by the adaptive immune system from a molecular perspective providing fundamental insight needed for advancing clinically relevant diagnostics and therapeutic applications. Based on significant progress in the fields of glycoimmunology and structural biology in recent years, the book comprehensively reviews the state-of-the-art in defining the key elements of carbohydrate recognition by antibodies, the molecular mimicry of carbohydrate epitopes as well as the molecular features leading to specific and relaxed binding modes. Backed-up by a combination of modern technologies to elucidate structural details of carbohydrate-antibody interactions, biomedically important carbohydrate antigens from viral, bacterial, parasite, insect and tumor cells have been analyzed in in-depth reviews written by well-known experts in the field. Fundamental knowledge of these molecular mechanisms eventually provides a rational basis to improve efficacy of carbohydrate-based vaccines and to further refine diagnostic tools in detection of pathogens and malignant cells.
Author: Per J. Garegg Publisher: ISBN: Category : MEDICAL Languages : en Pages : 244
Book Description
Developed from a symposium at the Fourth Chemical Congress of North America (202nd National Meeting of the ACS) in New York City, August 1991, chapter-papers present research on topics including how proteins recognize and bind oligosaccharides, synthesis and immunological properties of glycopeptide T-cell determinants, Vibrio cholerae polysaccharide studies, and purification of oligosaccharide antigens by weak affinity chromatography. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Author: Uri Galili Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1461547717 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 404
Book Description
Uri Galili who originally discovered anti-Gal and the unique evolution of &agr;-1,3-galactosyltransferase, and by Dr. Jose-Luis Avila who has been studying anti-Gal significance in Chagas' disease and in Leishmania infections. This book covers the main areas of research on &agr;-1,3galactosyltransferase, its product the &agr;-gal epitope (Gal&agr;1-3Gal&bgr;1-4GlcNAc-R) and the natural anti-Gal antibody that interacts with this epitope
Author: Pierre-Andre Cazenave Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1461229928 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 152
Book Description
Vaccines have historically been considered to be the most cost-effective method for preventing communicable diseases. It was a vaccine~hat enabled global eradication of the dreaded disease smallpox. Mass immunization of children forms the anchor of the strategy of the World Health Organization (WHO) to attain "health for all" status by the year 2000. Vaccinology is undergoing a dimensional change with the advances that have taken place in immunology and genetic engineering. Vaccines that confer short or inadequate immunity or that have side effects are being replaced by better vaccines. New vaccines are being developed for a variety of maladies. Monoclonal antibodies and T cell clones have been employed to delineate the immunodeterminants on microbes, an approach elegantly complemented by computer graphics and molecular imaging techniques. Possibilities have opened for obtaining hitherto scarce antigens of parasites by the DNA recombinant route. Better appreciation of the idiotypic network has aroused research on anti-idiotypic vaccines. Solid-phase synthesis of peptides is leading to an array of synthetic vaccines, an approach that is expected to attain its full potential once the sequences activating suppressor cells are discovered and the rules for presentation of antigens to T and B cells are better worked out. A new breed of vaccines is on the horizon that seeks to control fertility.
Author: Albert M. Wu Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1441978771 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 823
Book Description
Based on the third symposium on “Molecular Immunology of Complex Carbohydrates,” this text covers the latest in glycotopes, structures and functions of complex carbohydrates, recognition factors of lectins, biomolecular interactions and other glycosciences. This volume highlights the informative events of the Symposium on Molecular Immunology of Complex Carbohydrates III, held at the Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, on July 15-20, 2007, in Taipei, Taiwan.
Author: Uri Galili Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0128133635 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 320
Book Description
The Natural Anti-Gal Antibody as Foe Turned Friend in Medicine provides a comprehensive review of the natural anti-Gal antibody, which is the most abundant antibody in humans constituting ~1% of immunoglobulins and the carbohydrate antigen it recognizes, the a-gal epitope. It discusses the discovery of this antigen/antibody system, its evolution in mammals, the pathological effects of this antibody, and its possible use in various therapies in humans. Most significantly, the book discusses microbial and regenerative therapies in which an antibody present in all humans may be harnessed as an in vivo pharmaceutical agent that enables a wide variety of therapies. Some of these therapies are described as experimental studies that are compiled in this book, other already studied therapies in the area of cancer immunotherapy are also included in this book. - Provides tactics on how to improve cancer immunotherapy and viral vaccine immunogenicity - Includes discussions on therapies that accelerate the healing of normal and chronic wounds, and of burns - Covers the regeneration of bio-implants
Author: C. Bruni Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3642931308 Category : Mathematics Languages : en Pages : 286
Book Description
This volume collects the contributions presented at the "Working Conference on System Theory in Immunology", held in Rome, May 1978. The aim of the Conference was to bring together immunologists on one side and experts in system theory and applied mathematics on the other, in order to identify problems of common interest and to establish a network of joint effort toward their solution. The methodologies of system theory for processing experimental data and for describing dynamical phenomena could indeed contribute significantly to the under standing of basic immunological facts. Conversely, the complexity of experimental results and of interpretative models should stimulate mathematicians to formulate new problems and to design appropriate procedures of analysis. The multitude of scientific publications in theoretical biology, appeared in recent years, confirms this trend and calls for extensive interaction between mat- matics and immunology. The material of this volume is divided into five sections, along the scheme of the Conference program.
Author: Theo Rispens Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters ISBN: 0128060301 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 46
Book Description
Immunoglobulins are a group of closely related glycoproteins composed of 82 to 96% protein and 4 to 18% carbohydrate. In humans, there are five classes of immunoglobulins, which differ in heavy-chain structure. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is the major class of immunoglobulins in blood and can be further subdivided in subclasses. The four subclasses of IgG were discovered in the 1960s following extensive studies using specific rabbit antisera against human IgG myeloma proteins.1 They are designated IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4, in order of decreasing abundance. Several decades of research has revealed subtle but profound differences among the subclasses. Each subclass has a unique profile with respect to antigen binding, immune complex formation, complement activation, triggering of effector cells, and placental transport (Table 9.1). In addition, IgG antibody responses to different types of antigens or pathogens often lead to marked skewing toward one of the subclasses. On the other hand, selective subclass deficiencies are usually not detrimental to the individual but do sometimes lead to enhanced susceptibility toward specific classes of pathogens. All in all, the acquired variability within the Ig locus seems to have been selected for beneficial changes during evolution for optimizing or fine-tuning the antibody-mediated immune response.
Author: Publisher: ScholarlyEditions ISBN: 1464901678 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 161
Book Description
Crohn's Disease: New Insights for the Healthcare Professional: 2011 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Crohn's Disease. The editors have built Crohn's Disease: New Insights for the Healthcare Professional: 2011 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Crohn's Disease in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Crohn's Disease: New Insights for the Healthcare Professional: 2011 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.
Author: Michael F. Murphy Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1118702999 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 786
Book Description
Highly Commended - 2010 BMA Medical Book Awards An essential, practical manual for all those working in transfusion medicine Concise and user-friendly guide to transfusion medicine Focuses on clinical aspects but also covers background science and organizational issues Complications encountered in transfusion are addressed throughout Highlights controversial issues and provides advice for everyday clinical questions in transfusion medicine This comprehensive guide to transfusion medicine takes a practical and didactic approach. The third edition of this text includes many new contributions and has expanded to seven sections. The first of these takes the reader systematically through the principles of transfusion medicine. The second deals with the complications which can arise in transfusion and is followed by a section on the practice of transfusion in blood centres and hospitals. The fourth section covers clinical transfusion practice and the fifth looks at alternatives to transfusion. Section six addresses cellular and tissue therapy and organ transplantation and the final section of the book examines the development of the evidence base for transfusion. As with previous editions; the final section includes a visionary chapter on future advances in the field. This new edition of Practical Transfusion Medicine benefits from even more international authorship than the previous two editions and is an invaluable resource for trainee doctors, scientists, technicians and other staff in haematology and transfusion and as a reference book for clinical staff in haematology and other disciplines faced with specific problems.
Author: Paul Kosma
Author: Per J. Garegg
Author: Uri Galili
Author: Pierre-Andre Cazenave
Author: Albert M. Wu
Author: Uri Galili
Author: C. Bruni
Author: Theo Rispens
Author: 
Author: Michael F. Murphy