Alkaline-Side Extraction of Cesium from Savannah River Tank Waste Using a Calixarene-Crown Ether Extractant PDF Download
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Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 109
Book Description
Results are presented supporting the viability of the alkaline-side CSEX process as a potential replacement for the In-Tank Precipitation process for removal of cesium from aqueous high-level waste (HLW) at the Savannah River Site (SRS). Under funding from the USDOE Efficient Separations and Crosscutting program, a flowsheet was suggested in early June of 1998, and in the following four months, this flowsheet underwent extensive testing, both in batch tests at ORNL and ANL and in two centrifugal-contactor tests at ANL. To carry out these tests, the initial ESP funding was augmented by direct funds from Westinghouse Savannah River Corporation. The flowsheet employed a solvent containing a calixarene-crown hybrid compound called BoBCalixC6 that was invented at ORNL and can now be obtained commercially for government use from IBC Advanced Technologies. This special extractant is so powerful and selective that it can be used at only 0.01 M, compensating for its expense, but a modifier is required for use in an aliphatic diluent, primarily to increase the cesium distribution ratio D{sub Cs} in extraction. The modifier selected is a relatively economical fluorinated alcohol called Cs3, invented at ORNL and so far available. only from ORNL. For the flowsheet, the modifier is used at 0.2 M in the branched aliphatic kerosene Isopar{reg_sign} L. Testing at ORNL and ANL involved simulants of the SRS HLW. After extraction of the Cs from the waste simulant, the solvent is scrubbed with 0.05 M HNO3 and stripped with a solution comprised of 0.0005 M HNO3 and 0.0001 M CsNO3. The selection of these conditions is justified in this report, both on the basis of experimental data and underlying theory.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 109
Book Description
Results are presented supporting the viability of the alkaline-side CSEX process as a potential replacement for the In-Tank Precipitation process for removal of cesium from aqueous high-level waste (HLW) at the Savannah River Site (SRS). Under funding from the USDOE Efficient Separations and Crosscutting program, a flowsheet was suggested in early June of 1998, and in the following four months, this flowsheet underwent extensive testing, both in batch tests at ORNL and ANL and in two centrifugal-contactor tests at ANL. To carry out these tests, the initial ESP funding was augmented by direct funds from Westinghouse Savannah River Corporation. The flowsheet employed a solvent containing a calixarene-crown hybrid compound called BoBCalixC6 that was invented at ORNL and can now be obtained commercially for government use from IBC Advanced Technologies. This special extractant is so powerful and selective that it can be used at only 0.01 M, compensating for its expense, but a modifier is required for use in an aliphatic diluent, primarily to increase the cesium distribution ratio D{sub Cs} in extraction. The modifier selected is a relatively economical fluorinated alcohol called Cs3, invented at ORNL and so far available. only from ORNL. For the flowsheet, the modifier is used at 0.2 M in the branched aliphatic kerosene Isopar{reg_sign} L. Testing at ORNL and ANL involved simulants of the SRS HLW. After extraction of the Cs from the waste simulant, the solvent is scrubbed with 0.05 M HNO3 and stripped with a solution comprised of 0.0005 M HNO3 and 0.0001 M CsNO3. The selection of these conditions is justified in this report, both on the basis of experimental data and underlying theory.
Author: Bruce A. Moyer Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 142005970X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 682
Book Description
The growth in the world's nuclear industry, motivated by peaking world oil supplies, concerns about the greenhouse effect, and domestic needs for energy independence, has resulted in a heightened focus on the need for next-generation nuclear fuel-cycle technologies. Ion Exchange and Solvent Extraction: A Series of Advances, Volume 19 provides a com
Author: Bruce A. Moyer Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1441989730 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 360
Book Description
This book documents the proceedings of the symposium "Fundamentals and Applications of Anion Separations" held during American Chemical Society National Meeting in Chicago, Illinois, August 25-30, 200I. Nearly 40 papers devoted to discussions on anion separation related to fundamental research and applications were presented. The symposium, sponsored by Osram Sylvania, BetzDearbom, and the Separation Science & Technology Subdivision of the Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Division of the American Chemical Society was organized by Bruce A. Moyer, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Building. 4500S, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6119, and Raj P. Singh, Chemicals and Powders R&D, Osram Sylvania, Chemical and Metallurgical Products Division, Towanda, PA 18848. It drew presenters from Australia, the Czech Republic, France, Germany, Japan, South Africa, Thailand, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Separations constitute an integral part of chemical industry. Chemical products typically originate in resources that must be concentrated and purified, chemically transformed, and subjected to fmal purification. Effluent streams from the processes must be treated to recycle reusable components and to remove environmentally harmful species. Some industrial processes are devoted to environmental cleanup after pollution has occurred. In addition, many analytical methods require a separation for preconcentration, or a separation may be an inherent part of the analysis itself. Micro separations occurring at membranes or interfaces are also related phenomena employed for ion sensing. Many species targeted for separation are naturally anionic. Although the standard separations techniques ofextraction, ion exchange, adsorption, precipitation, etc.
Author: K. Gloe Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1402036876 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 450
Book Description
Macrocyclic Chemistry: Current Trends and Future Perspectives illustrates essential concepts in this expanding research field covering both basic and applied studies. Written by well-known experts from around the world, the topics of the chapters range from new macrocyclic architectures with different functions and self-assembly processes through to the modeling and dynamics of such systems. The content also reflects on application possibilities in analytical chemistry, separation processes, material preparation and medicine. Thus this book serves as a creative source of research strategies and methodic tools. Providing an excellent overview of the field, this book will be a valuable resource for researchers in industry and academic institutions as well as for teachers of science and graduate students. This book is devoted to the long-standing tradition of the International Symposia on Macrocyclic Chemistry (ISMC) and published to coincide with the 30th meeting, Dresden, Germany.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
A solvent composition and corresponding method for extracting cesium (Cs) from aqueous neutral and alkaline solutions containing Cs and perhaps other competing metal ions is described. The method entails contacting an aqueous Cs-containing solution with a solvent consisting of a specific class of lipophilic calix[4]arene-crown ether extractants dissolved in a hydrocarbon-based diluent containing a specific class of alkyl-aromatic ether alcohols as modifiers. The cesium values are subsequently recovered from the extractant, and the solvent subsequently recycled, by contacting the Cs-containing organic solution with an aqueous stripping solution. This combined extraction and stripping method is especially useful as a process for removal of the radionuclide cesium-137 from highly alkaline waste solutions which are also very concentrated in sodium and potassium. No pre-treatment of the waste solution is necessary, and the cesium can be recovered using a safe and inexpensive stripping process using water, dilute (millimolar) acid solutions, or dilute (millimolar) salt solutions. An important application for this invention would be treatment of alkaline nuclear tank wastes. Alternatively, the invention could be applied to decontamination of acidic reprocessing wastes containing cesium-137.
Author: Chang H. Oh Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1420036459 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 790
Book Description
With detailed photos and schematic system diagrams, the Hazardous and Radioactive Waste Treatment Technologies Handbook provides the latest information on current technologies in the market. Intended as a reference for scientists, engineers, and engineering students, it covers waste-related thermal and non-thermal technologies, separation techniques, and stabilization technologies. It provides an overview of recent waste technologies, for both hazardous chemical wastes and radioactive wastes. By implementing the techniques presented in this book, readers will be able to decide which appropriate technology to use and how to design the equipment for their particular needs.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 85
Book Description
An alkaline-side solvent extraction process for cesium removal from Savannah River Site (SRS) tank waste was evaluated experimentally using a laboratory-scale centrifugal contactor. Single-stage and multistage tests were conducted with this contactor to determine hydraulic performance, stage efficiency, and general operability of the process flowsheet. The results and conclusions of these tests are reported along with those from various supporting tests. Also discussed is the ability to scale-up from laboratory- to plant-scale operation when centrifugal contractors are used to carry out the solvent extraction process. While some problems were encountered, a promising solution for each problem has been identified. Overall, this alkaline-side cesium extraction process appears to be an excellent candidate for removing cesium from SRS tank waste.
Author: Rudi van Eldik Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0080467385 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 333
Book Description
This thematic issue devoted to 'Template Effects and Molecular Organization' is based on a special symposium recently organized by the American Chemical Society in Philadelphia. The authors contributed oral presentations and are experts in their fields. Each chapter is fully referenced Contains comprehensive reviews written by leading experts in the field Includes new information on the important advances in inorganic and bioinorganic chemistry
Author: Gregg J. Lumetta Publisher: ISBN: Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 386
Book Description
This book is a complete examination of the benefits and uses of calixarenes to provide frameworks for arranging binding functionalities in spatial arrangements that are ideal for binding specific substrates. These selective bindings are used as the basis for chemical separations, and calixarenes can be used for binding both cationic and anionic substrates, making this book a useful addition to any chemist's library.
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Author: Bruce A. Moyer
Author: Bruce A. Moyer
Author: K. Gloe
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Author: Chang H. Oh
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Author: Rudi van Eldik
Author: Gregg J. Lumetta