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Author: Brian Shellum Publisher: U of Nebraska Press ISBN: 1612349552 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 303
Book Description
"The story of seventeen African American officers who trained, reorganized, and commanded the Liberian Frontier Force to defend Liberia between 1910 and 1942"--
Author: Brian Shellum Publisher: U of Nebraska Press ISBN: 1612349552 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 303
Book Description
"The story of seventeen African American officers who trained, reorganized, and commanded the Liberian Frontier Force to defend Liberia between 1910 and 1942"--
Author: Brian G. Shellum Publisher: U of Nebraska Press ISBN: 1640120637 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 304
Book Description
African American Officers in Liberia tells the story of seventeen African American officers who trained, reorganized, and commanded the Liberian Frontier Force from 1910 to 1942. In this West African country founded by freed black American slaves, African American officers performed their duties as instruments of imperialism for a country that was, at best, ambivalent about having them serve under arms at home and abroad. The United States extended its newfound imperial reach and policy of "Dollar Diplomacy" to Liberia, a country it considered a U.S. protectorate. Brian G. Shellum explores U.S. foreign policy toward Liberia and the African American diaspora, while detailing the African American military experience in the first half of the twentieth century. Shellum brings to life the story of the African American officers who carried out a dangerous mission in Liberia for an American government that did not treat them as equal citizens in their homeland, and he provides recognition for their critical role in preserving the independence of Liberia.
Author: Kathleen Elizabeth Alfin Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
This dissertation examines the deployment of a predominantly African American army force to Liberia during the Second World War. It specifically analyzes how the racial make-up of US Army Forces in Liberia (USAFIL) collided with the unique socio-racial landscape of the historic Black republic to unsettle contemporary norms and hierarchies in the army unit and country. This clash created what USAFIL's white leadership called "an exceptional situation." Using the notion of "exceptionalism" as a heuristic, this dissertation demonstrates how competing imperial logics of race, as well as gender and sexuality, shaped interactions between Black and white American soldiers (commonly referred to as "GIs") and Liberian men and women during the war. It particularly examines how these interactions affected GIs' cultural constructions of Liberia and Liberians, segregation and racial violence within the US Army force, the training and employment of Liberian men by USAFIL, sexual liaisons between GIs and women in Liberia, and US Army policies to control these. This dissertation ultimately does two things. First, it argues that the "exceptional situation" identified by USAFIL's white minority was in fact the unique challenges the deployment of the Black US Army force to the Black republic posed to white supremacy. This rendered the traditional logics and mechanisms used to manage American soldiers-African American soldiers specifically-and their interactions with local civilians untenable. This necessitated "exceptional measures" on the part of USAFIL's white minority to not only control Black GIs, but uphold their white military authority in the Black US Army force in the Black-governed country. Second, it illuminates the different impulses at odds for African American soldiers and officers in Liberia during the world war. While they perceived their wartime military service in the historic Black republic as integral to the global fight against racial oppression and fostering a broader Black transnationalism, many came to evince a condescension toward Liberians that resembled the very racism they resented in the US Army and United States more generally. These Black American troops did not adopt white American imperialism wholesale though. Rather, they developed a unique logic of Black kinship without equality driven by their desires to achieve racial equality within their own formation and society.
Author: Hanes Walton Publisher: Lexington Books ISBN: 9780739103449 Category : Biography & Autobiography Languages : en Pages : 468
Book Description
Liberian Politics tells the fascinating story of Liberia's early nation-building efforts, its attempts to establish democracy, and the pivotal role played by African Americans in exporting the American democratic experiment to Liberia. The story of the rise of Africa's oldest democracy is told through the writings of J. Milton Turner, an African American diplomat who served in Liberia from 1871 to 1878. Turner's official diplomatic correspondence--superbly organized and edited by Walton, Rosser, and Stevenson--document Liberia's struggle to define its political institutions and processes. They chart Liberia's struggle to establish its relationship with the wider world and offer an intimate portrait of Turner's role as the agent of U.S. foreign policy in Liberia. A comparative study in the best tradition of Tocqueville and Myrdal, this pathbreaking work reveals the global dimensions of nineteenth-century African American politics and offers rich insight into the direction of early U.S. diplomacy in Africa.
Author: Brian G. Shellum Publisher: U of Nebraska Press ISBN: 0803268033 Category : Biography & Autobiography Languages : en Pages : 317
Book Description
An unheralded military hero, Charles Young (1864–1922) was the third black graduate of West Point, the first African American national park superintendent, the first black U.S. military attaché, the first African American officer to command a Regular Army regiment, and the highest-ranking black officer in the Regular Army until his death. Black Officer in a Buffalo Soldier Regiment tells the story of the man who—willingly or not—served as a standard-bearer for his race in the officer corps for nearly thirty years, and who, if not for racial prejudice, would have become the first African American general. Brian G. Shellum describes how, during his remarkable army career, Young was shuffled among the few assignments deemed suitable for a black officer in a white man’s army—the Buffalo Soldier regiments, an African American college, and diplomatic posts in black republics such as Liberia. Nonetheless, he used his experience to establish himself as an exceptional cavalry officer. He was a colonel on the eve of the United States’ entry into World War I, when serious medical problems and racial intolerance denied him command and ended his career. Shellum’s book seeks to restore a hero to the ranks of military history; at the same time, it informs our understanding of the role of race in the history of the American military.
Author: Antonio McDaniel Publisher: University of Chicago Press ISBN: 9780226557243 Category : Biography & Autobiography Languages : en Pages : 222
Book Description
In the early nineteenth century, thousands of emancipated and freeborn blacks from the United States returned to Africa to colonize the area now known as Liberia. In this, the first systematic study of the demographic impact of this move on the migrants, Antonio McDaniel finds that the health of migrant populations depends on the adaptability of the individuals in the group, not on their race. McDaniel compares the mortality rates of the emigrants to those of other migrants to tropical areas. He finds that, contrary to popular belief, black immigrants during this period died at unprecedented rates. Moreover, he shows that though the emigrant's mortality levels were exceptionally high, their mortality patterns were consistent with those of other populations. McDaniel concludes that the greater the variance between the environment left and the environment entered, the higher the probability of contracting a new disease, and, in some cases, of death from these diseases. Additionally, a migrant's health can be affected by dietary changes, differences in local pathogens, inappropriate immunities, and increased risk of accidents due to unfamiliar surroundings.
Author: Brian G. Shellum Publisher: U of Nebraska Press ISBN: 1496228863 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 303
Book Description
The town of Skagway was born in 1897 after its population quintupled in under a year due to the Klondike gold rush. Balanced on the edge of anarchy, the U.S. Army stationed Company L, a unit of Buffalo Soldiers, there near the end of the gold rush. Buffalo Soldiers in Alaska tells the story of these African American soldiers who kept the peace during a volatile period in America's resource-rich North. It is a fascinating tale that features white officers and Black soldiers safeguarding U.S. territory, supporting the civil authorities, protecting Native Americans, fighting natural disasters, and serving proudly in America's last frontier. Despite the discipline and contributions of soldiers who served honorably, Skagway exhibited the era's persistent racism and maintained a clear color line. However, these Black Regulars carried out their complex and sometimes contradictory mission with a combination of professionalism and restraint that earned the grudging respect of the independently minded citizens of Alaska. The company used the popular sport of baseball to connect with the white citizens of Skagway and in the process gained some measure of acceptance. Though the soldiers left little trace in Skagway, a few remained after their enlistments and achieved success and recognition after settling in other parts of Alaska.
Author: Le'Trice D. Donaldson Publisher: ISBN: 0809337592 Category : African American soldiers Languages : en Pages : 217
Book Description
"The book demonstrates how African American soldiers used military service as a tool to challenge white notions of second-class citizenry"--
Author: Isabelle Duyvesteyn Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1135764840 Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 199
Book Description
Oil, diamonds, timber, food aid - just some of the suggestions put forward as explanations for African wars in the past decade. Another set of suggestions focuses on ethnic and clan considerations. These economic and ethnic or clan explanations contend that wars are specifically not fought by states for political interests with mainly conventional military means, as originally suggested by Carl von Clausewitz in the 19th century. This study shows how alternative social organizations to the state can be viewed as political actors using war as a political instrument.
Author: Brian Shellum
Author: Brian Shellum
Author: Brian G. Shellum
Author: Kathleen Elizabeth Alfin
Author: Hanes Walton
Author: Brian G. Shellum
Author: Caree A. Banton
Author: Antonio McDaniel
Author: Brian G. Shellum
Author: Le'Trice D. Donaldson
Author: Isabelle Duyvesteyn