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Author: J. V. Prasad Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 10
Book Description
Approaches for active control of surge in axial and centrifugal compressors are based for their majority on sensing them after they occur and then taking appropriate action. On the other hand some studies in the past have showed that precursors to surge exist in some cases. But very few studies have actually made use of precursors for active control. In this paper we show experimentally that surge precursors exist in centrifugal compressors. Further we formulate a novel control scheme in which a real time observer is used for on-line identification of magnitude and frequency of dominant precursor waves. The observer outputs feed into a fuzzy logic control scheme and the identified frequency and amplitude of the precursors are used to actuate a bleed valve and/or a feel valve for active control of compressor surge. Experimental results demonstrating the viability of the overall scheme are presented.
Author: J. V. Prasad Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 10
Book Description
Approaches for active control of surge in axial and centrifugal compressors are based for their majority on sensing them after they occur and then taking appropriate action. On the other hand some studies in the past have showed that precursors to surge exist in some cases. But very few studies have actually made use of precursors for active control. In this paper we show experimentally that surge precursors exist in centrifugal compressors. Further we formulate a novel control scheme in which a real time observer is used for on-line identification of magnitude and frequency of dominant precursor waves. The observer outputs feed into a fuzzy logic control scheme and the identified frequency and amplitude of the precursors are used to actuate a bleed valve and/or a feel valve for active control of compressor surge. Experimental results demonstrating the viability of the overall scheme are presented.
Author: David M. Mann Publisher: ISBN: Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 186
Book Description
Abstracts are given for 6.1 basic research in chemical propulsion sponsored by the Army Research Office and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research.
Author: Jan Tommy Gravdahl Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1447108272 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 233
Book Description
The series Advances in Industrial Control aims to report and encourage technology transfer in control engineering. The rapid development of control technology impacts all areas of the control discipline. New theory, new controllers, actuators, sensors, new industrial processes, computer methods, new applications, new philosophies . . . , new challenges. Much of this development work resides in industrial reports, feasibility study papers and the reports of advanced collaborative projects. The series offers an opportunity for researchers to present an extended exposition of such new work in all aspects of industrial control for wider and rapid dissemination. Operating plant as close as possible to constraint boundaries so often brings economic benefits in industrial process control. This is the conundrum at the heart of this monograph by Tommy Gravdahl and Olav Egeland on stall control for compressors. Operation of the compressor closer to the surge line can increase operational efficiency and flexibility The approach taken by the authors follows the modern control system paradigm: -physical understanding, detailed modelling and simulation studies and finally control studies. The thoroughness of the presentation, bibliography and appendices indicates that the volume has all the hallmarks of being a classic for its subject. Despite the monograph's narrow technical content, the techniques and insights presented should appeal to the wider industrial control community as well as the gas turbine/compressor specialist. M. J. Grimble and M. A.
Author: J. E. Pinsley Publisher: ISBN: Category : Centrifugal compressors Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Active suppression of centrifugal compressor surge has been demonstrated on a centrifugal compressor equipped with a servo-actuated plenum exit throttle controller. The control scheme is fundamentally different from conventional surge control techniques in that it addresses directly the dynamic behavior of the compression system to displace the surge line to lower mass flows. The method used is to feedback perturbations in plenum pressure rise, in real time, to a fast-acting control valve. The increased aerodynamic damping of incipient oscillations due to the resulting valve motion allows stable operation past the normal surge line. For the compressor used, a 25% reduction in the surge point mass flow was achieved, over a range of speeds and pressure ratios. Time-resolved measurements during controlled operation revealed that the throttle required relatively little power to suppress the surge oscillations, because the disturbances are attacked in their initial stages. Although designed for operation with small disturbances, the controller was also able to eliminate existing, large amplitude, surge oscillations. Comparison of experimental results with theoretical predictions showed that a lumped parameter model appeared adequate to represent the behavior of the compression system with the throttle controller and, perhaps more importantly, to be used in the design of more sophisticated control strategies.
Author: Gregory K. McMillan Publisher: Momentum Press ISBN: 1606501739 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 174
Book Description
Control engineers, mechanical engineers and mechanical technicians will learn how to select the proper control systems for axial and centrifugal compressors for proper throughput and surge control, with a particular emphasis on surge control. Readers will learn to understand the importance of transmitter speed, digital controller sample time, and control valve stroking time in helping to prevent surge. Engineers and technicians will find this book to be a highly valuable guide on compressor control schemes and the importance of mitigating costly and sometimes catastrophic surge problems. It can be used as a self-tutorial guide or in the classroom with the book's helpful end-of-chapter questions and exercises and sections for keeping notes.
Author: P. Glannattaslo Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 12
Book Description
The present paper reports a study on the dynamic behaviour of a compression system based on a multi-stage centrifugal blower and provided with a device for the active suppression of surge instability. The control device includes a sensor of total pressure at the compressor inlet a proportional- derivative controller and an actuation valve at the plenum exit. A non-linear lumped- parameter model of the controlled compression system is presented. which considers also the time-lags in the compressor and actuator unsteady responses. The numerical simulation shows that: i) the predictions of control effectiveness provided by the non-linear model are rather different from the estimates of a linear approach mainly due to the abrupt stall which affects the compressor characteristics: ii) the present control device is capable of suppressing surge within almost the whole unstable operating range of the compressor with values of the proportional gain small enough to avoid actuator saturation (stroke- end occurrence); iii) the derivative component of the control law exerts a poor influence on the system stabilization and can be thus removed: iv) the proposed control strategy is effective over a wide range of stability parameter B which implies the possibility of suppressing surge also at the highest compressor speeds and when using large plenum volumes. On the basis of the numerical results, a practical control device has been designed. which consists of a transducer of differential pressure between plenum and compressor exit (equivalent to a sensor of compressor face total pressure, a butterfly throttle/actuation valve driven by a Stepper motor and a computer, provided with proper interfaces, for signal acquisition, data processing and motor control.
Author: Geoff Sheard Publisher: ISBN: Category : Actuators Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
This paper discusses the mechanics of surge as observed on the high-speed axial compressors of modern aero-engines. It argues that the initial stage of the instability consists of a high-amplitude blast wave that develops nonlinearly from a small-scale disturbance and is thus not correctly described by traditional small perturbation stability theories. It follows from this that active control schemes of the global type may be inappropriate, since to be effective, control would have to be applied in a short time and in a very detailed manner, requiring a large number of transducers and actuators. Active control may, though, be effective in controlling the disturbances that grow into the above blast wave and in the control of other phenomena such as rotating stall, given an adequate number of transducers.
Author: Dorsa Sanadgol Publisher: ISBN: 9780542770531 Category : Languages : en Pages : 420
Book Description
In order to explore these conjectures experimentally, a high speed centrifugal compressor test facility with active magnetic bearings is developed. The test facility can be used for implementing the proposed surge control method and also for assessing the impeller and bearing loads at off-design conditions. This data can then be used to verify and refine analytical models used in compressor design. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
Author: J. V. Prasad
Author: J. V. Prasad
Author: David M. Mann
Author: Jan Tommy Gravdahl
Author: J. E. Pinsley
Author: Judith Ellen Pinsley
Author: Gregory K. McMillan
Author: P. Glannattaslo
Author: Geoff Sheard
Author: Dorsa Sanadgol
Author: Assaad Krichene