Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 10
Book Description
American foulbrood is a disease of honeybee colonies caused by the bacterium Paenibacillus larvae. This report describes & presents results of a study to determine if honey samples could be used to indicate the presence of that disease. The study also inspected live bee colonies to look for colonies infected with American foulbrood. Any infections discovered & isolated were tested for resistance to the antibiotic oxytetracycline. Complications that arose with the honey screening technique are outlined and suggestions are made regarding improvements to the technique & for further research.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
The distribution of Paenibacillus larvae spores, the causative agent of American foulbrood, was studied on three different levels in the honey bee system; the apiary level, the colony level and the individual honey bee level. The increased understanding of spore distribution has been used to give recommendations regarding sampling of adult honey bees. The vertical transmission of P. larvae spores through natural swarms has been described for the first time and artificial swarming as a method for control of American foulbrood have been evaluated. The results demonstrated that there is no practical difference in spore load between supers and brood chambers, and that the spore load in samples of adult honey bees on the different levels correspond to the clinical disease status of the colony. The study on individual bees showed that spores are unequally distributed among the bees and that as more bees get contaminated each positive bee also contains more spores. This may present a problem when sampling from colonies with low levels of clinical disease, although the study on colony and apiary level showed no false negatives. A model for calculating the number of bees that needs to be sampled to detect P. larvae in a composite sample of adult bees, given certain detection levels and proportions of positive honey bees in the sample, was developed The swarm study demonstrated vertical transmission of P. larvae spores. Furthermore, the artificial swarm study showed that single and double shaking are equally effective treatment methods, and that the original disease status is of little importance for the spore load decrease.
Author: Everett Franklin Phillips Publisher: ISBN: Category : Bees Languages : en Pages : 24
Book Description
"European foulbrood is a disease of the brood of bees which has caused great losses to American beekeepers. It was first recognized as a distinct disease in the United States by New York beekeepers in 1894, but it has probably been present in the United States for a long time. It is important that the beekeeper know whether European or American foulbrood is in his apiary, for the two do not respond to the same treatment. In European foulbrood control the most important step is to prevent the entrance of the disease by keeping all colonies strong and by having all stock resistant to the disease. This can be done successfully even though the disease is in the neighborhood. In case, through failure to take all precautions, the disease does enter, there are certain practices by which the disease can be readily eliminated, but all of these must be sued with care. The facts about the disease on which the preventive and remedial measures are based are discussed in this bulletin." -- p. [2]
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309102898 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 327
Book Description
Pollinators-insects, birds, bats, and other animals that carry pollen from the male to the female parts of flowers for plant reproduction-are an essential part of natural and agricultural ecosystems throughout North America. For example, most fruit, vegetable, and seed crops and some crops that provide fiber, drugs, and fuel depend on animals for pollination. This report provides evidence for the decline of some pollinator species in North America, including America's most important managed pollinator, the honey bee, as well as some butterflies, bats, and hummingbirds. For most managed and wild pollinator species, however, population trends have not been assessed because populations have not been monitored over time. In addition, for wild species with demonstrated declines, it is often difficult to determine the causes or consequences of their decline. This report outlines priorities for research and monitoring that are needed to improve information on the status of pollinators and establishes a framework for conservation and restoration of pollinator species and communities.
Author: U S Department of Agriculture Publisher: ISBN: 9780359795017 Category : Languages : en Pages : 62
Book Description
Apiary inspectors and beekeepers must be able to recognize bee diseases and parasites and to differentiate the serious diseases from the less important ones. This handbook describes laboratory techniques used to diagnose diseases and other abnormalities of the honey bee and to identify parasites and pests. Emphasis is placed on the techniques used by the U.S. Department of Agriculture Bee Research Laboratory. Included are directions for submitting, through APHIS-PPQ or state regulators, samples of suspected Africanized honey bees for identification of subspecies. Also included are directions for sending diseased brood and adult honey bees for diagnosis of bee disease.
Author: Floyd B. Paddock Publisher: ISBN: Category : Agriculture Languages : en Pages : 24
Book Description
"Of all the diseases that attack the honeybee, the most destructive is American foulbrood. This disease attacks the developing bee -- the 'brood.' American foulbrood has been known for centuries. But even so, it continues to kill bees. May beekeepers don't recognize the disease or know how to fight it. Complete eradication of American foulbrood is impossible, but proper control measures can keep it at a minimum. Every beekeeper, therefore, should know its signs and its control so that he can attack the disease in its early stages. Foulbrood starts in a small way in a colony. If not checked, it continues until it destroys the entire colony. The colony dies because few young bees are produced to maintain the adult population. Even with the death of a colony a beekeeper may not learn the cause is foulbrood. These colony deaths are often blamed on winterkilling and wax moth." -- p. [571]
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Author: Saskatchewan Beekeepers Association
Author: 
Author: Everett Franklin Phillips
Author: Arnold Parker Sturtevant
Author: Frank Lincoln Thomas
Author: National Research Council
Author: Curtis Richardson
Author: U S Department of Agriculture
Author: Floyd B. Paddock