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Author: Demetrice R. Jordan Publisher: ISBN: Category : Electronic dissertations Languages : en Pages : 265
Book Description
African trypanosomiasis is an inherently multiscale human-animal-environment problem, with a spatially and environmentally constrained vector, a transnational disease distribution, two distinct disease strains (East and West African), innumerable human and animal reservoirs, and entrenched socio-cultural barriers and policy challenges. Colloquially known as 'sleeping sickness' and 'Nagana' in animals, African trypanosomiasis is a parasitic infection caused by pathogenic protozoa of the genus Trypanosoma. The parasite is transmitted through the salivary glands of tsetse fly during a blood meal. African trypanosomiasis is a major neglected tropical disease endemic to 36 countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Neglected tropical diseases are communicable, viral, parasitic, and bacterial infections that mainly affect poor people. Worldwide, neglected tropical diseases are not allotted the resources necessary to control and eradicate them. As a neglected tropical disease, African trypanosomiasis is given a lower global health priority which hinders control program effectiveness. Despite decades of research to control tsetse, trypanosomiasis continues to threaten the health and well-being of people and animals across sub-Saharan Africa. Compounded by resource constraints for control efforts, African trypanosomiasis is also poorly understood, severely underreported, often misdiagnosed, and fatal. The disease has a case fatality rate of nearly 100%, if untreated. While treatment is available, they are often expensive and toxic. Annual deaths attributed to African trypanosomiasis have a compounding impact across human and animal populations and the landscape. An estimated 60 million Africans and countless livestock are at risk of the infection, illuminating the need for risk reduction approaches to mitigate exposure. This dissertation examines tsetse and African trypanosomiasis control from an interdisciplinary perspective, combining health geography, disease ecology, diffusion of disease epidemiology, development economics, and global health policy. As a more general contribution, this dissertation presents a framework for addressing vector-host problems, using a multifaceted risk reduction and control strategy, innovative methodologies, and community participation to increase long-term success.
Author: Demetrice R. Jordan Publisher: ISBN: Category : Electronic dissertations Languages : en Pages : 265
Book Description
African trypanosomiasis is an inherently multiscale human-animal-environment problem, with a spatially and environmentally constrained vector, a transnational disease distribution, two distinct disease strains (East and West African), innumerable human and animal reservoirs, and entrenched socio-cultural barriers and policy challenges. Colloquially known as 'sleeping sickness' and 'Nagana' in animals, African trypanosomiasis is a parasitic infection caused by pathogenic protozoa of the genus Trypanosoma. The parasite is transmitted through the salivary glands of tsetse fly during a blood meal. African trypanosomiasis is a major neglected tropical disease endemic to 36 countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Neglected tropical diseases are communicable, viral, parasitic, and bacterial infections that mainly affect poor people. Worldwide, neglected tropical diseases are not allotted the resources necessary to control and eradicate them. As a neglected tropical disease, African trypanosomiasis is given a lower global health priority which hinders control program effectiveness. Despite decades of research to control tsetse, trypanosomiasis continues to threaten the health and well-being of people and animals across sub-Saharan Africa. Compounded by resource constraints for control efforts, African trypanosomiasis is also poorly understood, severely underreported, often misdiagnosed, and fatal. The disease has a case fatality rate of nearly 100%, if untreated. While treatment is available, they are often expensive and toxic. Annual deaths attributed to African trypanosomiasis have a compounding impact across human and animal populations and the landscape. An estimated 60 million Africans and countless livestock are at risk of the infection, illuminating the need for risk reduction approaches to mitigate exposure. This dissertation examines tsetse and African trypanosomiasis control from an interdisciplinary perspective, combining health geography, disease ecology, diffusion of disease epidemiology, development economics, and global health policy. As a more general contribution, this dissertation presents a framework for addressing vector-host problems, using a multifaceted risk reduction and control strategy, innovative methodologies, and community participation to increase long-term success.
Author: Publisher: World Health Organization ISBN: 9241209844 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 249
Book Description
This report provides information about new diagnostic approaches, new therapeutic regimens and better understanding of the distribution of the disease with high-quality mapping. The roles of human and animal reservoirs and the tsetse fly vectors that transmit the parasites are emphasized. The new information has formed the basis for an integrated strategy with which it is hoped that elimination of HAT will be achieved. The report also contains recommendations on the approaches that will lead to elimination of the disease. Human African Tryponosomiasis (HAT) is a disease that afflicts populations in rural Africa, where the tsetse fly vector that transmits the causative trypanosome parasites thrives. There are two forms of HAT: one, known as gambiense HAT, is endemic in West and Central Africa and causes over 95% of current cases; the other, known as rhodesiense HAT, is endemic in East and southern Africa and accounts for the remainder of cases. The presence of parasites in the brain leads to progressive neurological breakdown. Changes to sleep-wake patterns are among the symptoms that characterize the disease, also known as "sleeping sickness". Eventually, patients fall into a coma and die if not treated. Different treatments are available against parasites present in the haemolymphatic system (first stage) and those that have entered the brain (second stage). Currently, lumbar puncture is required to select the appropriate drug.
Author: R. Cavalloro Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1000162567 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 218
Book Description
This book discusses methods which might appropriately be employed under various circumstances. It is concerned with control of insect pests and tse-tse flies, and considers prospects for integrated control of the African trypanosomiases, in which vector control is envisaged as playing a key role.
Author: World Health Organization Publisher: ISBN: 9789240691728 Category : African trypanosomiasis Languages : en Pages : 237
Book Description
This report provides information about new diagnostic approaches new therapeutic regimens and better understanding of the distribution of the disease with high-quality mapping. The roles of human and animal reservoirs and the tsetse fly vectors that transmit the parasites are emphasized. The new information has formed the basis for an integrated strategy with which it is hoped that elimination of HAT will be achieved. The report also contains recommendations on the approaches that will lead to elimination of the disease.Human African Tryponosomiasis (HAT) is a disease that afflicts populations in rural Africa where the tsetse fly vector that transmits the causative trypanosome parasites thrives. There are two forms of HAT: one known as gambiense HAT is endemic in West and Central Africa and causes over 95% of current cases; the other known as rhodesiense HAT is endemic in East and southern Africa and accounts for the remainder of cases. The presence of parasites in the brain leads to progressive neurological breakdown. Changes to sleep-wake patterns are among the symptoms that characterize the disease also known as sleeping sickness . Eventually patients fall into a coma and die if not treated. Different treatments are available against parasites present in the haemolymphatic system (first stage) and those that have entered the brain (second stage). Currently lumbar puncture is required to select the appropriate drug.
Author: Ian Maudlin Publisher: CABI ISBN: 9780851990347 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 644
Book Description
This state-of-the-art reference book includes comprehensive coverage of the biology and control of African, Asian and South American trypanosomiasis ("sleeping sickness") in man and animals. It describes recent research developments in the biology and molecular biology of trypanosomes (the protozoan parasite) and their vectors, and methods in diagnosis and control, such as trapping tsetse fly vectors. Different sections of the book are devoted to biology of trypanosomes, vector biology, epidemiology and diagnosis, pathogenesis, disease impact, chemotherapy and disease control, and vector control. The book contains contributions from leading experts from Europe, North and South America, and Africa.
Author: Demetrice R. Jordan
Author: Demetrice R. Jordan
Author: 
Author: A. P. M. Shaw
Author: Guy Hendrickx
Author: R. Cavalloro
Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Author: World Health Organization
Author: 
Author: Mulumba Kamuanga
Author: Ian Maudlin