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Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
A mineralogical investigation of the main causes of refractoriness of some metallurgically complex gold ores in South Africa is reported. It is shown that this refractoriness is related to the presence of submicroscopic gold, carbonaceous material, pyrrhotite, and base-metal sulphides. Gold ores can be classified according to their content of these components. Electron-microprobe analysis shows that gold occurs in arsenopyrite and pyrite, the gold contents of which can be up to 2700 g/t. The gold and arsenic contents of these minerals are closely correlated. Furthermore, within zoned arsenopyrite grains, the concentration of gold closely follows that of arsenic. Mossbauer spectroscopy carried out on samples of concentrate from the Barberton area indicates that the submicroscopic gold within the sulphides is in a non-metallic form. The mineralogical examination of beneficiation products is important, since it sheds light on some fundamental aspects of the behaviour of the ore and gangue components during milling and flotation. Such basic information will lead ultimately to a better understanding of the problems in the beneficiation of these ores. Investigations have shown that the overmilling of the auriferous arsenopyrite and the disseminated nature of the sulphide mineralization are the main problems during beneficiation.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
A mineralogical investigation of the main causes of refractoriness of some metallurgically complex gold ores in South Africa is reported. It is shown that this refractoriness is related to the presence of submicroscopic gold, carbonaceous material, pyrrhotite, and base-metal sulphides. Gold ores can be classified according to their content of these components. Electron-microprobe analysis shows that gold occurs in arsenopyrite and pyrite, the gold contents of which can be up to 2700 g/t. The gold and arsenic contents of these minerals are closely correlated. Furthermore, within zoned arsenopyrite grains, the concentration of gold closely follows that of arsenic. Mossbauer spectroscopy carried out on samples of concentrate from the Barberton area indicates that the submicroscopic gold within the sulphides is in a non-metallic form. The mineralogical examination of beneficiation products is important, since it sheds light on some fundamental aspects of the behaviour of the ore and gangue components during milling and flotation. Such basic information will lead ultimately to a better understanding of the problems in the beneficiation of these ores. Investigations have shown that the overmilling of the auriferous arsenopyrite and the disseminated nature of the sulphide mineralization are the main problems during beneficiation.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 15
Book Description
A mineralogical investigation of the main causes of refractoriness of metallurgically complex gold ores in South Africa is reported. It is suggested that this refractoriness is related to the presence of submicroscopic gold, carbonaceous material, pyrrhotite, and base-metal sulphides. Means by which problems in the beneficiation of these ores can be overcome were also investigated, and some possible solutions to these problems are offered. A study of beneficiation products from the Fairview Mine showed that submicroscopic gold is associated mainly with arsenopyrite, the gold content of which can be up to 2700 g/t. During miling of the ore, the grains of arsenopyrite, which are smaller than 150 um and have a low resistance to attrition, are selectively broken down. The response of the ultrafine sulphide particles to flotation is relatively poor, and they are preferentially lost to the final tailings together with the gold they contain. It is suggested that the overgrinding of auriferous sulphides can be minimized by the removal of the coarse sulphides from the comminution circuit by flotation or gravity separation. At high rates of aeration in the scavenger and cleaner flotation cells, ultrafine gangue and pyrrhotite are selectively recovered. This material may be recirculated and build up in the flotation circuit, where it may have a detrimental effect on the flotation of the sulphides. Hence, if the amounts of these components can be minimized, the recovery of the gold and the sulphides in these refractory ores can be improved. Means by which this might be accomplished are suggested.
Author: Mike D. Adams Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0444636706 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 1050
Book Description
Gold Ore Processing: Project Development and Operations, Second Edition, brings together all the technical aspects relevant to modern gold ore processing, offering a practical perspective that is vital to the successful and responsible development, operation, and closure of any gold ore processing operation. This completely updated edition features coverage of established, newly implemented, and emerging technologies; updated case studies; and additional topics, including automated mineralogy and geometallurgy, cyanide code compliance, recovery of gold from e-waste, handling of gaseous emissions, mercury and arsenic, emerging non-cyanide leaching systems, hydro re-mining, water management, solid–liquid separation, and treatment of challenging ores such as double refractory carbonaceous sulfides. Outlining best practices in gold processing from a variety of perspectives, Gold Ore Processing: Project Development and Operations is a must-have reference for anyone working in the gold industry, including metallurgists, geologists, chemists, mining engineers, and many others. - Includes several new chapters presenting established, newly implemented, and emerging technologies in gold ore processing - Covers all aspects of gold ore processing, from feasibility and development stages through environmentally responsible operations, to the rehabilitation stage - Offers a mineralogy-based approach to gold ore process flowsheet development that has application to multiple ore types
Author: Mike D. Adams Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0080459080 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 1077
Book Description
The gold processing industry is experiencing change. As free-milling and oxide ores become depleted, more complex polymetallic and refractory ores are being processed, coupled with increasing pressure for stricter environmental compliance. Recent years have also seen a steady reduction in mineral processing and metallurgy graduates and a gradual loss of older operating experience. A contribution to documenting current and future best practice in gold ore processing seems timely.The focus of this volume is on advances in current gold plant operation, from conception to closure; chapters also cover innovations at the bench and pilot-scale level that would be expected to find commercial application at some stage. Sufficient coverage is also given to the chemistry and engineering aspects. The general principle behind the structure of the volume is that of flowsheeting based on unit operations and applied to a mineralogical classification of gold ore types. From concept to closure, this book covers all unit operations, mineralogies and processes that are relevant to dealing with today's complex orebodies.Practical experience is vital to the successful development, operation and closure of any operation. The 42 chapters have been contributed by a total of 66 authors and co-authors who are experts from countries spanning the globe, and representing exhaustive practical knowledge covering many disciplines relevant to gold processing.* Current best practice as elucidated by a select panel of experts in the field* Innovations at the bench and pilot-scale level that would be expected to find commercial application at some stage* Mineralogical-based approach to flowsheeting
Author: Roman Grynberg Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 303065995X Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 494
Book Description
The book explores the evolving economics of gold as a global commodity as well as the production and trade of gold in and from the African continent. The growth of gold as an increasingly important and diverse source of African wealth is examined, alongside the impact that the rise of China in the 21st century has had on the demand for gold. The volatility of the gold price has increased as a result of the dramatic decline of gold demand for manufacturing purposes. Gold is Africa’s second largest export after oil and is a perfect metaphor for a continent rich in resources while so much of its population lives in such dire poverty. The artisanal and small scale gold mining (ASGM) sector, is surprisingly widely perceived as being beneficial to the development of Africa despite its exploitation and dreadful health and environmental consequences. African Gold: Production, Trade and Economic Development considers policy issues regarding the gold mining sector, the economics of beneficiation, the retreat of jewelry manufacturing across the continent as well as ‘Africa’s golden future’. It is a relevant book for both academics and policymakers interested in Africa, natural resource, and development economics.
Author: John Marsden Publisher: SME ISBN: 9780873352406 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 688
Book Description
Extensively revised and updated, this edition provides the broad base of knowledge required by all working in the gold extraction and gold processing industries. It bridges the gap between research and industry by emphasizing practical applications of chemical principles and techniques.
Author: Vaikuntam Iyer Lakshmanan Publisher: Springer ISBN: 331921599X Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 447
Book Description
This book describes the phases for innovative metallurgical process development, from concept to commercialization. Key features of the book include: • Need for process innovation • Selection and optimization of process steps • Determination of the commercial feasibility of a process including engineering and equipment selection • Determination of the environmental footprint of a process • Case-study examples of innovative process development
Author: Vaikuntam Iyer Lakshmanan Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030325490 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 293
Book Description
The book describes all aspects of technical innovation related to the gold and silver industries, from ore identification through to processing. It includes details of comminution, pre-concentration and beneficiation, commercially available and recently developed innovative pyro and hydrometallurgical processes, including leaching processes, separation and purification, and recovery and refining. The book focuses on capital and operating cost estimation, process simulation, waste remediation and minimization. Sustainable gold and silver processes are examined with the use of clean technologies and efficient use of energy and water. Topics such as supply and demand of gold and silver, their exchange in major global markets, and the factors that influence gold and silver prices and major economic indices are discussed. Presents emerging trends and innovations in the areas of ore body knowledge, mining, processing, waste management, economics, finance and automation; Describes emerging enablers for the gold and silver industries such as digitization, automation and remote operations; Promotes breakthroughs in mining, processing, waste management, energy and water from an integrated operations perspective.
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Author: Peter Michael Swash
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Author: Christine C. Gaylarde
Author: Mike D. Adams
Author: Mike D. Adams
Author: Roman Grynberg
Author: John Marsden
Author: Vaikuntam Iyer Lakshmanan
Author: Vaikuntam Iyer Lakshmanan