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Author: Henry Romano Publisher: DTTV PUBLICATIONS ISBN: Category : History Languages : en Pages : 158
Book Description
The discovery of Sanskrit literature at the end of the eighteenth century was the most significant cultural event since the Renaissance. The Greeks became acquainted with the Indians after Alexander's invasion; the Arabs brought Indian science to the West during the Middle Ages; some European missionaries from the sixteenth century on gained some familiarity with the ancient language of India; and Abraham Roger translated the Sanskrit poet Bhartihari into Dutch in 1651. However, it is only now that this highly advanced knowledge is being revealed. The existence of Sanskrit literature was only vaguely known in Europe about two hundred years ago, expressed in stories about Indian wisdom. In ancient times, our modern age has discovered tales of Vimanas flying aircraft; their poems preserve glacial rivers from the Ice Age. Our Indian possessions gave us the first impetus to study Sanskrit. Warren Hastings, Governor-General, seeing the advantages of ruling the Hindus according to their laws and customs, commissioned several Brahmans to prepare a digest based on the best ancient Indian legal authorities. Early in 1776, a Persian translation of this Sanskrit compilation was published in English. The introduction provided reliable information about the ancient Indian language, literature, and specimens of the Sanskrit script. With this era's technology, a limited understanding of Vedic civilization's advanced knowledge was possible. Throughout the last 200 years, we have had revelation after revelation of the advanced Vedic civilization that once existed, and we are missing an essential episode in the history of humanity. Nevertheless, Charles Wilkins took the first steps toward introducing others to actual Sanskrit writings. Having acquired knowledge of Sanskrit at Benares at the behest of Warren Hastings, he translated in 1785 the Bhagavad-gita, or The Song of the Adorable One, and published two years later Hitopadeça, or Friendly Advice, a collection of fables.
Author: Henry Romano Publisher: DTTV PUBLICATIONS ISBN: Category : History Languages : en Pages : 158
Book Description
The discovery of Sanskrit literature at the end of the eighteenth century was the most significant cultural event since the Renaissance. The Greeks became acquainted with the Indians after Alexander's invasion; the Arabs brought Indian science to the West during the Middle Ages; some European missionaries from the sixteenth century on gained some familiarity with the ancient language of India; and Abraham Roger translated the Sanskrit poet Bhartihari into Dutch in 1651. However, it is only now that this highly advanced knowledge is being revealed. The existence of Sanskrit literature was only vaguely known in Europe about two hundred years ago, expressed in stories about Indian wisdom. In ancient times, our modern age has discovered tales of Vimanas flying aircraft; their poems preserve glacial rivers from the Ice Age. Our Indian possessions gave us the first impetus to study Sanskrit. Warren Hastings, Governor-General, seeing the advantages of ruling the Hindus according to their laws and customs, commissioned several Brahmans to prepare a digest based on the best ancient Indian legal authorities. Early in 1776, a Persian translation of this Sanskrit compilation was published in English. The introduction provided reliable information about the ancient Indian language, literature, and specimens of the Sanskrit script. With this era's technology, a limited understanding of Vedic civilization's advanced knowledge was possible. Throughout the last 200 years, we have had revelation after revelation of the advanced Vedic civilization that once existed, and we are missing an essential episode in the history of humanity. Nevertheless, Charles Wilkins took the first steps toward introducing others to actual Sanskrit writings. Having acquired knowledge of Sanskrit at Benares at the behest of Warren Hastings, he translated in 1785 the Bhagavad-gita, or The Song of the Adorable One, and published two years later Hitopadeça, or Friendly Advice, a collection of fables.
Author: Henry Romano Publisher: DTTV PUBLICATIONS ISBN: Category : History Languages : en Pages : 160
Book Description
Between 3300 and 2900 BC, archaeologists believe that civilization (the rise of Sumeria, the Indus Valley Civilization, and Egypt) marked the beginning of complex cities. The Neolithic Revolution, when agriculture, animal domestication, pottery, and the plow came together, seems not to hold together, as we explored in the final chapter of descending Treta Yuga. There had already been millennia of critical discoveries and developments. Why then the abrupt shift to city living, stratified societies, and overproduction of food and other goods for trade or export? Archaeologists believe that man could finally do these things — that he was using recent inventions to an additional advantage. Our study of the yugas tells us that man suddenly wanted to do these things that he was using innovations known for millennia in new ways to suit his new motivation. Several large cities existed before descending Dwapara Yuga, but a new breed of city sprang up with Dwapara Yuga. These were larger and more complex and built around commerce. Many had shared granaries, artisans' districts, and marketplaces and were typically made on trade routes along rivers and coasts. We also see these cities' first significant division of labor and societal stratification. Artisans, scribes, and traders all became increasingly common occupations. Furthermore, there was, of course, the tax collector. As a result, governments began levying taxes on commerce, as they had already levied tariffs on agriculture. Sumeria and the city of Eridu are credited with being the first of the trend. Urdu is believed to have risen along the banks of the Euphrates River around 3300 BC. The famous city of Ur and dozens of others sprang up in the Tigris and Euphrates Valleys over the next 300–400 years, and Babylon was not far behind.
Author: Henry Romano Publisher: DTTV PUBLICATIONS ISBN: Category : History Languages : en Pages : 159
Book Description
Since ancient times, the Hindus have had a lunisolar cycle based on the combination of solar and lunar years, determined by the course of the sun and the moon, but with the lunar year beginning near the solar year. Exactly how their earliest Calendar was arranged remains a mystery. Our focus is on the current form of their Calendar, developed around 400 under the influence of Greek astronomy and introduced into India at no long time. There are two kinds of Hindu years, solar and lunar. To understand the lunar Calendar, we will first explain the solar year, which governs the lunisolar system. Bengal, including Madras's Orissa, Tamil, and Malayalam districts, used solar years for civil purposes. General religious rites and festivals are regulated by the lunar year and the details of private and domestic life, such as choosing auspicious occasions for marriages and journeys, choosing lucky moments for shaving, etc. Almanacs that follow the lunar year contain details about the solar year, such as the sun's course through the zodiac signs. Despite following the solar year, almanacs include lunar year details. The astronomical solar year determines the civil solar year. According to the latter, the Calendar begins at the vernal equinox but actually starts at the vernal equinox. Because of the rotation of the equinoxes, in Western astronomy, the zodiac signs correspond to the astronomical solar because they are drawn away extensively from the constellations from which they derive their names. Therefore, the sun now comes to the vernal equinox, before the beginning of Aries, not in the constellation Aries but at the end of Pisces. From (A.D. 499, 522, or 527, referring to different schools) when, according to their system, the signs aligned with the constellations, the Hindus disregarded precession about their Calendar. According to them, Aries begins at or near the star Piscium. Hence, their astronomical solar year is, in fact, not the tropical year, in the course of which the sun passes from one vernal equinox to the next, but a sidereal year, the period during which the earth makes one whole rotation in its orbit around the sun regarding the first point of Mesha; its start is the moment of the Mesha-Sankranti when the sun enters Mesha rather than Aries, and it begins not with the actual equinox but with an artificial.
Author: Henry Romano Publisher: DTTV PUBLICATIONS ISBN: Category : Art Languages : en Pages : 151
Book Description
One of the oldest libraries of texts in India is the Vedas. Vedic texts are painstakingly corrected by the teacher. Instructors and students still teach them orally today. Virtual classrooms have allowed females to learn the Vedas and how they were changed through technology. Samaveda has a much more intricate connection with Rigveda than the other Vedas. Because all its verses except seventy-five are directly drawn from the Rigveda, it holds great historical significance. The eighth and especially the ninth of the Soma book provide the bulk of its content. It is similar to the Yajurveda in having been composed only for ritual use since the verses are all intended for chanting during the offering ceremonies. Unlike those in the Rigveda, these stanzas appear in the Sama-Veda as if they were to be spoken or recited. Their significance is solely determined by their relevance to particular rites, removed from their context in the Rigveda. The Vedas have been the subject of voluminous literature over the centuries, written in many languages, including English. Due to their symbolic language, the Vedas remain elusive. Despite exploring every ancient Indian sourcebook, Shankara, Ramanuja, and Madhva did not write full commentaries on the Vedas. Vedas are enigmatic and ethereal, and this adds to their mystery. In contrast to the voluminous commentary on Upanishads, Bhagawad Gita, Brahma sutras, and Mahapuranas, Sri Madhva wrote a short Rigbhyasya. Sayana Madhava, also known as Sayanacharya, is the most common source of information on the Vedas. Vedic texts are covered in complete detail in this voluminous work, basically a literal translation of the Vedas. Those who criticize it point out that it ignores the Vedas' symbolism and the Vedic tenets' hidden meanings. It is for this reason that the Vedas remain inadequately illuminated. In addition, Vedic Sanskrit differs from classical Sanskrit, a currently taught, written, and spoken language. A widespread family of languages, the proto-Indo-European languages, is derived from it.
Author: Henry Romano Publisher: DTTV PUBLICATIONS ISBN: Category : History Languages : en Pages : 166
Book Description
To what extent is lost knowledge, advanced technology, and advanced philosophy encoded in the hymns of the Rigveda before we attempt to describe it? Is it possible to comprehend the true meaning of a book written in the remotest ages of Indian literature? Identifying the appropriate method of interpretation for that ancient body of poetry is the key to answering this question. All ancient Indian texts contain old lost technology; take, for instance, the concept of the Vimana. When the Rigveda first became known, scholars, as yet only familiar with the language and literature of classical Sanskrit, discovered that the Vedic hymns were composed in a mysterious ancient dialect and embodied an entirely different world of ideas than those they were familiar with. Hand-carved cave temples near Bellary in Southern India were vast and intricately carved from rock. Almost insurmountable difficulties hindered the interpretation of these hymns. A comprehensive commentary on the Rigveda exists that explains or paraphrases every word of its accolades. In the fourteenth century A.D., the great Vedic scholar Sayama lived in Vijayanagara ("City of Victory"), one of ancient India's most critical lost cities. His constant references to ancient authorities are believed to have preserved the Rigveda's true meaning in a traditional interpretation dating back thousands of years.
Author: Henry Romano Publisher: DTTV PUBLICATIONS ISBN: Category : History Languages : en Pages : 187
Book Description
The Hinduism of today is a vast and diverse religion, but its roots can be traced back thousands of years to the Vedas. The Rig Veda is an ancient text that outlines the beliefs of early Hindus, including their pantheon of deities. There are many different types of gods in the Hindu tradition (more than 330 million). Still, some hold special significance in the ancient texts: Rudra, Vishnu, Brahma, and Shiva are just some examples. The word "Hinduism" is derived from Sindhu, which means river. The Indus River flows through Pakistan and the Indian states of Jammu and Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan, Gujarat, and Uttar Pradesh. The religion is also called Sanatana Dharma (Eternal Law) or Bhagavata Dharma (Divine Faith). Hinduism is the world's oldest living major religion. Ancient India's first civilization developed around 2200 B.C., with its roots in Vedic civilization dating back to 1500 B.C. It has no founder, but various sages have written many religious texts over some time, including Vedas (the hymns), Upanishads (philosophical treatises), Puranas(mythology), Ramayana, and Mahabharata epics, as well as treatises on ethics like Manusmriti. The Rigveda is the oldest of the four Vedas and one of India's most important ancient texts. It is a collection of over 10,000 Sanskrit hymns that many different poets wrote. The hymns are dedicated to the gods and goddesses of ancient India, including Indra, Agni (the God of fire), Ushas (Dawn), Sarasvati (Goddess of wisdom), Soma (Moon), and Varuna (God). There are many deities in Hinduism, but they can be broadly categorized into two main groups: Devas (gods) and Asuras (demons). The Devas represent the forces of good, while the Asuras represent the forces of evil; however, there is often an overlap between these two categories. Some well-known Devas include Brahma (the Creator), Vishnu (the Preserver), Shiva/Rudra/Pashupati (the Destroyer), Indra/Agni (king of gods who controls rain and thunderstorms), etc. Some well-known Asuras include Vritra ("dragon"), Hiranyaksha ("golden arm"), and Hiranyakashipu ("lord with golden arms"). The names of these deities may vary from region to region depending on which text you reference; for example, Vishnu may also be known as Narayana or Hari among some communities within South India.
Author: Henry Romano Publisher: HENRY ROMANO ISBN: Category : History Languages : en Pages : 58
Book Description
Shiva's attributes include impetuosity, generosity, and gullibility. People say Shiva is so eager to serve his devotees that he overlooks his safety. He hinders no one—not even demons. As quickly as he can be angry, he can also be appeased. On the other hand, Vishnu's shrewdness and ability to manipulate all situations consistently put him in control. As a result, Vishnu saved Shiva, and Shiva expressed his gratitude to him.
Author: Benjamin B. Olshin Publisher: BRILL ISBN: 9004352724 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 474
Book Description
Lost Knowledge: The Concept of Vanished Technologies and Other Human Histories examines the idea of lost knowledge, reaching back to a period between myth and history. It investigates a peculiar idea found in a number of early texts: that there were civilizations with knowledge of sophisticated technologies, and that this knowledge was obscured or destroyed over time along with the civilization that had created it. This book presents critical studies of a series of early Chinese, South Asian, and other texts that look at the idea of specific “lost” technologies, such as mechanical flight and the transmission of images. There is also an examination of why concepts of a vanished “golden age” were prevalent in so many cultures. Offering an engaging and investigative look at the propagation of history and myth in technology and culture, this book is sure to interest historians and readers from many backgrounds.
Author: Rene Noorbergen Publisher: TEACH Services, Inc. ISBN: 9781572581982 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 250
Book Description
An increasing number of historical and archaeological finds made around the world have been classified as out-of-place artifacts (ooparts). They have been called this because they appear unexpectedly among the ruins of the past with no evidence of a preceding period of development; their technological sophistication seems far beyond the capabilities of ancient peoples.Drawing on the literature and art of the Chaldeans, Sumerians, Babylonians and others, Rene Noorbergen's contention is that a superior race of man was responsible for these scientific marvels that bear testimony to a civilization with technology comparable to our own.
Author: Henry Romano
Author: Henry Romano
Author: Henry Romano
Author: Henry Romano
Author: Henry Romano
Author: Henry Romano
Author: Henry Romano
Author: Henry Romano
Author: Benjamin B. Olshin
Author: Arthur A. MacDonell
Author: Rene Noorbergen