Author: Gregory J. Smallwood
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
The health and environmental risks due to airborne nanoparticles are important issuesfacing the citizens and governments of the industrialized countries. To assess andmitigate these risks, increasingly stringent regulations are being enacted to reduce theparticulate emissions from the combustion of hydrocarbon fuels, which primarilyconsist of soot. Improvements to the understanding of the formation of sootnanoparticles and their impact on the health and the environment are required. Thisnecessitates advances in the state of quantitative measurement of soot. Laser-induced incandescence (LII) is an optical diagnostic technique for themeasurement of concentration and primary particle diameter of soot with highselectivity. Limitations with conventional LII were identified and a significantlyenhanced technique, autocompensating LII (AC-LII), was developed employing time-resolved two-colour pyrometry, low fluence, and an absolute intensity calibration toaddress these limitations. AC-LII was shown to measure the soot particle temperatureand automatically compensate for variations in the measurement environment thataffected the peak soot particle temperature. With low fluence, AC-LII was shown toavoid soot sublimation, which impacted the measurements of concentration and sizewith high fluences. AC-LII was applied to flames and to combustion-generated emissions. At low ambienttemperatures it was discovered that the measured concentration varied with fluence. Tomitigate this issue, it was recommended that AC-LII be performed at a moderate fluencenear the sublimation threshold. In order to assess the impact of distributions of the sootprimary particle diameter and of aggregate size, analysis coupling experiments with astate-of-the-art numerical model of the heat transfer was performed. The results showedthat AC-LII signal evaluation should begin immediately after an initial anomalouscooling period but before distribution effects become dominant. The sensitivity of AC-LII was optimized and applied to measure atmospheric blackcarbon concentrations. Comparison to other instruments demonstrated that AC-LII hassignificant advantages for the measurement of soot, and represents a major advancementin techniques for nanoparticle characterization.
A Critique of Laser-Induced Incandescence for the Measurement of Soot
Author: Gregory J. Smallwood
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
The health and environmental risks due to airborne nanoparticles are important issuesfacing the citizens and governments of the industrialized countries. To assess andmitigate these risks, increasingly stringent regulations are being enacted to reduce theparticulate emissions from the combustion of hydrocarbon fuels, which primarilyconsist of soot. Improvements to the understanding of the formation of sootnanoparticles and their impact on the health and the environment are required. Thisnecessitates advances in the state of quantitative measurement of soot. Laser-induced incandescence (LII) is an optical diagnostic technique for themeasurement of concentration and primary particle diameter of soot with highselectivity. Limitations with conventional LII were identified and a significantlyenhanced technique, autocompensating LII (AC-LII), was developed employing time-resolved two-colour pyrometry, low fluence, and an absolute intensity calibration toaddress these limitations. AC-LII was shown to measure the soot particle temperatureand automatically compensate for variations in the measurement environment thataffected the peak soot particle temperature. With low fluence, AC-LII was shown toavoid soot sublimation, which impacted the measurements of concentration and sizewith high fluences. AC-LII was applied to flames and to combustion-generated emissions. At low ambienttemperatures it was discovered that the measured concentration varied with fluence. Tomitigate this issue, it was recommended that AC-LII be performed at a moderate fluencenear the sublimation threshold. In order to assess the impact of distributions of the sootprimary particle diameter and of aggregate size, analysis coupling experiments with astate-of-the-art numerical model of the heat transfer was performed. The results showedthat AC-LII signal evaluation should begin immediately after an initial anomalouscooling period but before distribution effects become dominant. The sensitivity of AC-LII was optimized and applied to measure atmospheric blackcarbon concentrations. Comparison to other instruments demonstrated that AC-LII hassignificant advantages for the measurement of soot, and represents a major advancementin techniques for nanoparticle characterization.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
The health and environmental risks due to airborne nanoparticles are important issuesfacing the citizens and governments of the industrialized countries. To assess andmitigate these risks, increasingly stringent regulations are being enacted to reduce theparticulate emissions from the combustion of hydrocarbon fuels, which primarilyconsist of soot. Improvements to the understanding of the formation of sootnanoparticles and their impact on the health and the environment are required. Thisnecessitates advances in the state of quantitative measurement of soot. Laser-induced incandescence (LII) is an optical diagnostic technique for themeasurement of concentration and primary particle diameter of soot with highselectivity. Limitations with conventional LII were identified and a significantlyenhanced technique, autocompensating LII (AC-LII), was developed employing time-resolved two-colour pyrometry, low fluence, and an absolute intensity calibration toaddress these limitations. AC-LII was shown to measure the soot particle temperatureand automatically compensate for variations in the measurement environment thataffected the peak soot particle temperature. With low fluence, AC-LII was shown toavoid soot sublimation, which impacted the measurements of concentration and sizewith high fluences. AC-LII was applied to flames and to combustion-generated emissions. At low ambienttemperatures it was discovered that the measured concentration varied with fluence. Tomitigate this issue, it was recommended that AC-LII be performed at a moderate fluencenear the sublimation threshold. In order to assess the impact of distributions of the sootprimary particle diameter and of aggregate size, analysis coupling experiments with astate-of-the-art numerical model of the heat transfer was performed. The results showedthat AC-LII signal evaluation should begin immediately after an initial anomalouscooling period but before distribution effects become dominant. The sensitivity of AC-LII was optimized and applied to measure atmospheric blackcarbon concentrations. Comparison to other instruments demonstrated that AC-LII hassignificant advantages for the measurement of soot, and represents a major advancementin techniques for nanoparticle characterization.
Analysis of Laser-induced Incandescence and Novel Soot Measurement Approaches
Measurement of Soot with Organic Coatings by Laser-induced Incandescence
Author: Hugo Arri Runtukahu Tjong
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Using Laser-Induced Incandescence to Measure Soot/Smoke Concentrations
Author: National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa
Publisher: Independently Published
ISBN: 9781792962073
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 30
Book Description
Laser-induced incandescence offers great advantages in measuring soot concentrations. A brief summary of the technique and some illustrations of its capabilities is presented here. VanderWal, Randall L. Glenn Research Center NASA/CR-1997-206325, NAS 1.26:206325, E-11003 NAS3-27186; RTOP 963-70-0E...
Publisher: Independently Published
ISBN: 9781792962073
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 30
Book Description
Laser-induced incandescence offers great advantages in measuring soot concentrations. A brief summary of the technique and some illustrations of its capabilities is presented here. VanderWal, Randall L. Glenn Research Center NASA/CR-1997-206325, NAS 1.26:206325, E-11003 NAS3-27186; RTOP 963-70-0E...
Using Laser-Induced Incandescence to Measure Soot/Smoke Concentrations
Simultaneous Measurement of Soot Properties by Laser Induced Incandescence
An Analytical and Quantitative Analysis of the Laser-induced Incandescence of Soot
Author: Richard Trent Wainner
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780599716643
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780599716643
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Multi-color Time-resolved Laser-induced Incandescence for the Measurement of Soot and Nanoparticle Aerosols
Laser-Induced Incandescence of Soot at High Pressures
Author: Sanaz Ghasemi
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780494851913
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780494851913
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description