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Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309484529 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 511
Book Description
To achieve goals for climate and economic growth, "negative emissions technologies" (NETs) that remove and sequester carbon dioxide from the air will need to play a significant role in mitigating climate change. Unlike carbon capture and storage technologies that remove carbon dioxide emissions directly from large point sources such as coal power plants, NETs remove carbon dioxide directly from the atmosphere or enhance natural carbon sinks. Storing the carbon dioxide from NETs has the same impact on the atmosphere and climate as simultaneously preventing an equal amount of carbon dioxide from being emitted. Recent analyses found that deploying NETs may be less expensive and less disruptive than reducing some emissions, such as a substantial portion of agricultural and land-use emissions and some transportation emissions. In 2015, the National Academies published Climate Intervention: Carbon Dioxide Removal and Reliable Sequestration, which described and initially assessed NETs and sequestration technologies. This report acknowledged the relative paucity of research on NETs and recommended development of a research agenda that covers all aspects of NETs from fundamental science to full-scale deployment. To address this need, Negative Emissions Technologies and Reliable Sequestration: A Research Agenda assesses the benefits, risks, and "sustainable scale potential" for NETs and sequestration. This report also defines the essential components of a research and development program, including its estimated costs and potential impact.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309484529 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 511
Book Description
To achieve goals for climate and economic growth, "negative emissions technologies" (NETs) that remove and sequester carbon dioxide from the air will need to play a significant role in mitigating climate change. Unlike carbon capture and storage technologies that remove carbon dioxide emissions directly from large point sources such as coal power plants, NETs remove carbon dioxide directly from the atmosphere or enhance natural carbon sinks. Storing the carbon dioxide from NETs has the same impact on the atmosphere and climate as simultaneously preventing an equal amount of carbon dioxide from being emitted. Recent analyses found that deploying NETs may be less expensive and less disruptive than reducing some emissions, such as a substantial portion of agricultural and land-use emissions and some transportation emissions. In 2015, the National Academies published Climate Intervention: Carbon Dioxide Removal and Reliable Sequestration, which described and initially assessed NETs and sequestration technologies. This report acknowledged the relative paucity of research on NETs and recommended development of a research agenda that covers all aspects of NETs from fundamental science to full-scale deployment. To address this need, Negative Emissions Technologies and Reliable Sequestration: A Research Agenda assesses the benefits, risks, and "sustainable scale potential" for NETs and sequestration. This report also defines the essential components of a research and development program, including its estimated costs and potential impact.
Author: PEP (Professional Engineering Publishers) Publisher: Wiley ISBN: 9781860583223 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
This IMechE conference transaction volume address the issues faced by vehicle machine and engine manufacturers associated with future emission legislation. 21st Century Emissions Technology provides the reader with the opportunity to read expert reports that discuss: ongoing challenges; possible solutions, and their competitive nature; latest achievement, and the visions that they were based on. The book is essential reading for all those working in industry groups involved in combustion systems, fuels, fuel and air systems, engine design options, engine control, after-treatment, vehicle and machine systems, emission measurement techniques, and legislation trends.
Author: Burton Richter Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 1316124169 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 381
Book Description
Global climate change is one of the most important issues humanity faces today. This updated, second edition assesses the sensible, senseless and biased proposals for averting the potentially disastrous consequences of global warming, allowing the reader to draw their own conclusions on switching to more sustainable energy provision. Burton Richter is a Nobel Prize-winning scientist who has served on many US and international review committees on climate change and energy issues. He provides a concise overview of our knowledge and uncertainties within climate change science, discusses current energy demand and supply patterns, and the energy options available to cut emissions of greenhouse gases. Written in non-technical language, this book presents a balanced view of options for moving from our heavy reliance on fossil fuels into a much more sustainable energy system, and is accessible to a wide range of readers without scientific backgrounds - students, policymakers and the concerned citizen.
Author: M. Mercedes Maroto-Valer Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9780306473364 Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 464
Book Description
As we are moving ahead into the 21st century, our hunger for cost effective and environmentally friendly energy continues to grow. The Energy Information Administration of US has forecasted that only in the first two decades of the 21st century, our energy demand will increase by 60% compared to the levels at the end of the 20th century. Fossil fuels have been traditionally the major primary energy sources worldwide, and their role is expected to continue growing for the forecasted period, due to their inherent cost competitiveness compared to non-fossil fuel energy sources. However, the current fossil energy scenario is undergoing significant transformations, especially to accommodate increasingly stringent environmental challenges of contaminants like sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides or mercury, while still providing affordable energy. Furthermore, traditional fossil fuel utilization is inherently plagued with greenhouse gas emissions from combustion, especially carbon dioxide from stationary sources as well as from mobile sources. Should worldwide government policies dictate a reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, such as proposed by the Kyoto Protocol and the implementation of carbon taxes, fossil fuels would lose their significant competitive appeal in favor of nuclear energy and renewable energy sources. However, the current non-fossil fuel energy share of the worldwide energy market is merely below 15%, and therefore, it is more likely that fossil fuel energy producers would adapt to the new requirements by developing and implementing emission control technologies, and emission trades among other strategies.
Author: PEP (Professional Engineering Publishers) Publisher: Wiley ISBN: Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 328
Book Description
This IMechE conference transaction volume address the issues faced by vehicle machine and engine manufacturers associated with future emission legislation. 21st Century Emissions Technology provides the reader with the opportunity to read expert reports that discuss: ongoing challenges; possible solutions, and their competitive nature; latest achievement, and the visions that they were based on. The book is essential reading for all those working in industry groups involved in combustion systems, fuels, fuel and air systems, engine design options, engine control, after-treatment, vehicle and machine systems, emission measurement techniques, and legislation trends.
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309208939 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 298
Book Description
Emissions of carbon dioxide from the burning of fossil fuels have ushered in a new epoch where human activities will largely determine the evolution of Earth's climate. Because carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is long lived, it can effectively lock the Earth and future generations into a range of impacts, some of which could become very severe. Emissions reductions decisions made today matter in determining impacts experienced not just over the next few decades, but in the coming centuries and millennia. According to Climate Stabilization Targets: Emissions, Concentrations, and Impacts Over Decades to Millennia, important policy decisions can be informed by recent advances in climate science that quantify the relationships between increases in carbon dioxide and global warming, related climate changes, and resulting impacts, such as changes in streamflow, wildfires, crop productivity, extreme hot summers, and sea level rise. One way to inform these choices is to consider the projected climate changes and impacts that would occur if greenhouse gases in the atmosphere were stabilized at a particular concentration level. The book quantifies the outcomes of different stabilization targets for greenhouse gas concentrations using analyses and information drawn from the scientific literature. Although it does not recommend or justify any particular stabilization target, it does provide important scientific insights about the relationships among emissions, greenhouse gas concentrations, temperatures, and impacts. Climate Stabilization Targets emphasizes the importance of 21st century choices regarding long-term climate stabilization. It is a useful resource for scientists, educators and policy makers, among others.
Author: Cornelia Rottenmoser Publisher: GRIN Verlag ISBN: 365669463X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 18
Book Description
Essay from the year 2012 in the subject Politics - Environmental Policy, grade: Merit, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London (CISD - Centre for International Studies and Diplomacy), course: Global Energy and Climate Policy, language: English, abstract: CCS is a highly praised technology that allegedly allows humankind to go on living life the way they have always done and continue their business as usual. But is it that what we need? CCS might help overcome the short-term problems of society but never can it be a solution for all CO2 related questions. It is a dead end street. Earth as only a certain capacity of letting CO2 sink in through sequestration, i.e. absorption through afforestation, peat production, wetland restoration, ocean related absorption or a change in agricultural methods. Apart from that, then, there is CCS. Unfortunately, CCS is not on scale yet and it implies huge capital costs for installation at a time when no one knows yet whether or not it is a viable option at all. Additionally, the emission of greenhouse gases includes not only the emission of CO2 but also a range of harmful short-term pollutants (e.g. sulphates, methane) that cannot be captured by CCS methods but that still have a massive influence on our climate. What is needed is a consequent and fundamental change of behaviour and not a change of technology that allows us to go on as before. As recent history shows, the implementation of taxes or restrictive regulations or the implementation of ETS have not had a major effect on the behaviour of countries. The money invested in research for CCS is better invested in finding alternatives, in funding the implementation of an integrated grid, to start with in Europe and then gradually expanding it, with the further development of techniques to possibly even span oceans and connect the American or African continent to the European grid to guarantee energy security through renewable energy resources, which are already in the phase of development where they can be produced at scale and are competitive with the implementation of conventional energy sources.
Author: The Royal Society Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309302021 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 74
Book Description
Climate Change: Evidence and Causes is a jointly produced publication of The US National Academy of Sciences and The Royal Society. Written by a UK-US team of leading climate scientists and reviewed by climate scientists and others, the publication is intended as a brief, readable reference document for decision makers, policy makers, educators, and other individuals seeking authoritative information on the some of the questions that continue to be asked. Climate Change makes clear what is well-established and where understanding is still developing. It echoes and builds upon the long history of climate-related work from both national academies, as well as on the newest climate-change assessment from the United Nations' Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. It touches on current areas of active debate and ongoing research, such as the link between ocean heat content and the rate of warming.
Author: J. Austin Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 008052690X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 687
Book Description
Acid rain, photochemistry, long-range transport of pollutants, greenhouse gas emissions and aerosols have dominated tropospheric air pollution for the last 30 years of the 20th century. At the start of the 21st century, acid rain is subject to planned improvement in Europe and North America, but is still a growing problem in Asia. Tropospheric ozone is understood much better, but the problem is still with us, and desirable levels are difficult to achieve over continental Europe. The heterogeneous chemistry that is responsible for ozone depletion in the stratosphere is now reasonably clear, but there is on-going interest in the sources and sinks of CFC (chlorofluorocarbon) replacements in the troposphere. There is also increasing interest in indoor air quality, and the origin and health implications of atmospheric particles. Perhaps most important on a global perspective, intensive research has not yet determined the relationship between greenhouse gases, aerosols and surface temperature. The climactic implications of these are now more urgent than ever.This book, the first in the Developments in Environmental Science series, consists of a collection of authoritative reviews and essays on the science and application of air pollution research at the start of this new century.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Author: PEP (Professional Engineering Publishers)
Author: Burton Richter
Author: M. Mercedes Maroto-Valer
Author: PEP (Professional Engineering Publishers)
Author: National Research Council
Author: Cornelia Rottenmoser
Author: The Royal Society
Author: 
Author: J. Austin