Author: Jilin Yang
Publisher: National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada
ISBN: 9780315928251
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 456

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Author: Christine Ann Vojnik
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 170

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Author: Johnathan R. Nuttall
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781369202861
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Book Description
This dissertation used a rat model to investigate the mechanisms behind the effects of primary and secondary zinc deficiency during pregnancy. The first chapter reviewed previous research that led to the hypothesis that marginal zinc deficiency disrupts ERK1/2 signaling leading to an impairment of fetal brain development. The second chapter used a rat model together with cell culture experiments to test the hypothesis that disruption of ERK signaling resulting from zinc deficiency leads to decreased neural progenitor cell proliferation. Results of this study suggested that zinc deficiency impaired the ERK1/2 signaling pathway leading to a decreased rate of neural progenitor cell proliferation through a mechanism involving activation of the ERK- directed phosphatase PP2A. Chapter three investigated the hypothesis that disruption of ERK1/2 signaling and NPC proliferation resulting from marginal zinc deficiency disrupts neurogenesis in the frontal cortex of the fetal rat brain. Results from this study suggest that disruption of ERK signaling resulting from marginal zinc deficiency led to an impairment of fetal neurogenesis. Disruption of fetal neurogenesis following marginal zinc deficiency during pregnancy resulted in decreased neuronal density in the mature frontal cortex of the rat brain following postnatal repletion with adequate zinc levels. Therefore, cortical malformations resulting from marginal zinc deficiency may contribute to the persistent effects on behavior following repletion with adequate dietary zinc levels. The fourth chapter covers previous literature on primary and secondary zinc deficiency during pregnancy. While preterm birth was identified as a major obstetric complication resulting from primary zinc deficiency, exposure to toxicants that induce secondary zinc deficiency during pregnancy was identified as a risk factor for preterm birth. In particular, maternal exposure to the endocrine disrupting phthalate plasticizer DEHP was highlighted as a risk factor for preterm birth that may act at least in part through the mechanism of a hepatic acute-phase response leading to secondary zinc deficiency. The fifth chapter investigated the interaction between maternal exposure to DEHP and marginal zinc deficiency to affect the hepatic acute-phase response, zinc homeostasis, and steroid hormone metabolism. Maternal DEHP exposure decreased maternal weight gain and led to zinc accumulation in liver of dams fed a diet containing an adequate level of zinc and this was associated with a hepatic acute-phase response. DEHP and marginal zinc deficiency caused several adverse effects on the maternal and fetal steroid profiles. There were interactions between DEHP exposure and marginal zinc nutrition, as well as effects specifically related to DEHP or marginal zinc deficiency. Together these studies stress the importance of adequate dietary zinc intake during pregnancy to support development of the nervous and endocrine systems.

Author: Shyy-hwa Tao
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 188

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Author: Hueyjiuan Liu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 238

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Book Description

Author: Georg F. Hoffmann
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540747230
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 380

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Book Description
The explosion of insights in the field of metabolic disease has shed new light on diagnostic as well as treatment options. ‘Inherited Metabolic Disease – A Clinical Approach’ is written with a reader-friendly consistent structure. It helps the reader to find the information in an easily accessible and rapid way when needed. Starting with an overview of the major groups of metabolic disorders it includes algorithms with questions and answers as well as numerous graphs, metabolic pathways, and an expanded index. Clinical and diagnostic details with a system and symptom based are given to facilitate an efficient and yet complete diagnostic work-up of individual patients. Further, it offers helpful advice for emergency situations, such as hypoglycemia, hyperammonemia, lactic acidosis or acute encephalopathy. Five different indices allow a quick but complete orientation for common important constellations. Last but not least, it has an appendix with a guide to rapid differential diagnosis of signs and symptoms and when not to suspect metabolic disease. It will help physicians to diagnose patients they may otherwise fail to diagnose and to reduce unnecessary referrals. For metabolic and genetic specialists especially the indices will be helpful as a quick look when being called for advice. It has all it needs to become a gold standard defining the clinical practice in this field.

Author: Gary R. Beecher
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 328

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Book Description

Author: J.K. Ransley
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9783540417378
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 220

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Book Description
Consumer interest in diet and nutritional supplements is increasing dramatically. Patients and members of the public are seeking advice from health professionals, nutritionists and food scientists. This book is designed to meet the needs of those professionals who are called upon to advise patients and the general public. It provides also a valuable text for those who are researchers or decision makers in the food and pharmaceutical industries. The text presents a thorough account of this topical subject and enables the reader to appreciate the functions of nutrients in health and common disease states, to understand the current debates over the roles of nutrients and supplements in the diet, and to answer those questions frequently asked by patients and consumers.

Author: Heinrich Klefenz
Publisher: Wiley-VCH
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : de
Pages : 328

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Book Description
This volume focuses on pharmaceutical biotechnology as a key area of life sciences. The complete range of concepts, processes and technologies of biotechnology is applied in modern industrial pharmaceutical research, development and production. The results of genome sequencing and studies of biological-genetic function are combined with chemical, micro-electronic and microsystem technology to produce medical devices and diagnostic biochips. A multitude of biologically active molecules is expanded by additional novel structures created with newly arranged gene clusters and bio-catalytic chemical processes. New organisational structures in the co-operation of institutes, companies and networks enable faster knowledge and product development and immediate application of the results of research and process development. This book is the ideal source of information for scientists and engineers in research and development, for decision-makers in biotech, pharma and chemical corporations, as well as for research institutes, but also for founders of biotech companies and people working for venture capital corporations.

Author: Norman J. Temple
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1617798940
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 570

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Book Description
Now going into its third much-expanded edition, the highly praised Nutritional Health: Strategies for Disease Prevention has been brought fully up to date to include all the new thinking and discoveries that have the greatest capacity to improve human health and nutritional advancement. About half the new edition will be revised and updated from the second edition while the other half will consist of major revisions of previous chapters or new subjects. Like the two previous editions the book will consist of general reviews on various topics in nutrition, especially those of much current interest. The authors provide extensive, in-depth chapters covering the most important aspects of the complex interactions between diet, its nutrient components, and their impacts on disease states, and on those health conditions that increase the risk of chronic dieases. Up to date and comprehensive, Nutritional Health: Strategies for Disease Prevention, Third Edition offers physicians, dietitians, and nutritionists a practical, data-driven, integrated resource to help evaluate the critical role of nutrition.