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Author: A (NA) Publisher: Nordic Council of Ministers ISBN: 9289311630 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 162
Book Description
The development of European policies on air pollution prevention is currently in an intensive phase. The European Commission Clean Air for Europe (CAFE) programme is preparing an air pollution strategy and the Convention on Long-range Air Pollution may start a review of the Gothenburg Protocol during 2005. On the 25th-27th of October 2004 a workshop on review and assessment of the scientific basis and tools employed in this policy work was held to provide guidance to the policy development. Future needs of scientific support in a longer perspective were also discussed. A large part of the workshop was focussed on the role of airborne particles. Human health effects caused by exposure to airborne particles have received increasing attention in recent years and concerns of health effects are today the main driving force for air pollution prevention and research. In addition to this, new concepts for describing effects of acidification and ozone are being introduced, providing more accurate and relevant descriptions of ecosystem effects to changes in air pollution levels. The needs for considering air pollution on a hemispheric scale were also highlighted. This workshop was organised by the ASTA programme, the Swedish research programme on air pollution, in co-operation with the Nordic Council of Ministers, the EU CAFE programme and CLRTAP.
Author: A (NA) Publisher: Nordic Council of Ministers ISBN: 9289311630 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 162
Book Description
The development of European policies on air pollution prevention is currently in an intensive phase. The European Commission Clean Air for Europe (CAFE) programme is preparing an air pollution strategy and the Convention on Long-range Air Pollution may start a review of the Gothenburg Protocol during 2005. On the 25th-27th of October 2004 a workshop on review and assessment of the scientific basis and tools employed in this policy work was held to provide guidance to the policy development. Future needs of scientific support in a longer perspective were also discussed. A large part of the workshop was focussed on the role of airborne particles. Human health effects caused by exposure to airborne particles have received increasing attention in recent years and concerns of health effects are today the main driving force for air pollution prevention and research. In addition to this, new concepts for describing effects of acidification and ozone are being introduced, providing more accurate and relevant descriptions of ecosystem effects to changes in air pollution levels. The needs for considering air pollution on a hemispheric scale were also highlighted. This workshop was organised by the ASTA programme, the Swedish research programme on air pollution, in co-operation with the Nordic Council of Ministers, the EU CAFE programme and CLRTAP.
Author: Nordic Council of Ministers Publisher: ISBN: 9789289336581 Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
The development of European policies on air pollution prevention is currently in an intensive phase. The European Commission Clean Air for Europe (CAFE) programme is preparing an air pollution strategy and the Convention on Long-range Air Pollution may start a review of the Gothenburg Protocol during 2005. On the 25th-27th of October 2004 a workshop on review and assessment of the scientific basis and tools employed in this policy work was held to provide guidance to the policy development. Future needs of scientific support in a longer perspective were also discussed. A large part of the workshop was focussed on the role of airborne particles. Human health effects caused by exposure to airborne particles have received increasing attention in recent years and concerns of health effects are today the main driving force for air pollution prevention and research. In addition to this, new concepts for describing effects of acidification and ozone are being introduced, providing more accurate and relevant descriptions of ecosystem effects to changes in air pollution levels. The needs for considering air pollution on a hemispheric scale were also highlighted. This workshop was organised by the ASTA programme, the Swedish research programme on air pollution, in co-operation with the Nordic Council of Ministers, the EU CAFE programme and CLRTAP
Author: International and National Abatement Strategies for Transboundary Air Pollution (Programme) Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 7
Author: Publisher: ISBN: 9789282354865 Category : Languages : en Pages : 10
Book Description
This note seeks to provide an initial analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of the European Commission's Impact Assessment (IA) accompanying the above proposals, submitted in January 2014. A body of air pollution policy has been developed in the EU and internationally since the 1970s to address the significant environmental, health and economic impacts caused by air pollution. The main elements of the EU policy are: i) the objective in the EU's sixth environmental action programme to achieve 'levels of air quality that do not give rise to significant negative impacts on and risks to human health and the environment'; ii) the 2005 Thematic Strategy on Air Pollution setting interim objectives towards this target, and iii) the main legislative instruments consisting of the Ambient Air Quality Directives (AAQDs), the National Emission Ceilings Directive (NECD), and a range of legislation controlling pollution at source. Although this policy has led to a substantial reduction in emissions, air pollution remains the number one environmental cause of death in the EU. In 2010, it was responsible for over 400 000 premature deaths (ten times more than those caused by road traffic accidents). Total external annual costs of health impacts alone are estimated to be in the range of 330 to 940 billion euros. For ecosystems, the main outstanding problem is eutrophication, which threatens nearly three quarters of the EU's most valuable ecosystems.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: 9789279294570 Category : Languages : en Pages : 105
Book Description
This report provides a summary of the policy relevant messages from the research and monitoring communities as an input to the EU Air policy implementation and review process. The approach in distilling the messages has been to provide a minimum of background science as context, explain the message simply and identify what remains unclear or not understood to show the levels of confidence of further policy actions. Lastly we identify further research needs to address these uncertainties. The aim of the EU Air policy implementation and review process is to provide: "a robust EU Clean Air package, updating existing policies and directives including the National Emission Ceilings Directive according to latest science, and outlining further cost-effective measures to move much closer to the related 6EAP's objective: to achieve levels of air quality that do not result in unacceptable impacts on, and risks to, human health and the environment." This process therefore requires an understanding of the messages from research and monitoring activities throughout Europe and developments in the wider global science community. This review, focuses on research and assessment activities within Europe and has the following two objectives: To identify key scientific messages relevant for the revision and implementation of EU Air Quality legislation To identify limitations to knowledge and emerging issues The review has been coordinated by the European Commission Directorate General for Research & Innovation with contributions from the JRC, DG ENV, DG SANCO, the European Environmental Agency (EEA), the World Health Organisation (WHO) and the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA). The hearth of the report has been produced by several European research projects (listed in the previous section). The wider global literature has been used to provide a wider perspective and context for the review.
Author: UN. ECE. Executive Body for the Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution. Task Force on Integrated Assessment Modelling. Chairman Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 9
Book Description
Reports on progress in integrated assessment modelling and the preparation of model inputs in view of the entry into force and upcoming review of the Gothenburg Protocol; includes results of the 31st meeting of the Task Force on Integrated Assessment Modelling held in Gothenburg, 8-9 Dec. 2005, a workshop on European air pollution policies held in Gothenburg, 5-7 Oct. 2005, and a Workshop on non-technical measures held back to back with the Task Force on 7-8 Dec. 2005.
Author: World Health Organization Publisher: World Health Organization ISBN: 9289021926 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 497
Book Description
This book presents revised guideline values for the four most common air pollutants - particulate matter, ozone, nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide - based on a recent review of the accumulated scientific evidence. The rationale for selection of each guideline value is supported by a synthesis of information emerging from research on the health effects of each pollutant. As a result, these guidelines now also apply globally. They can be read in conjunction with Air quality guidelines for Europe, 2nd edition, which is still the authority on guideline values for all other air pollutants. As well as revised guideline values, this book makes a brief yet comprehensive review of the issues affecting the application of the guidelines in risk assessment and policy development. Further, it summarizes information on: . pollution sources and levels in various parts of the world, . population exposure and characteristics affecting sensitivity to pollution, . methods for quantifying the health burden of air pollution, and . the use of guidelines in developing air quality standards and other policy tools. Finally, the special case of indoor air pollution is explored. Prepared by a large team of renowned international experts who considered conditions in various parts of the globe, these guidelines are applicable throughout the world. They provide reliable guidance for policy-makers everywhere when considering the various options for air quality management.
Author: Ian W.H. Parry Publisher: International Monetary Fund ISBN: 1484388577 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 198
Book Description
Energy taxes can produce substantial environmental and revenue benefits and are an important component of countries’ fiscal systems. Although the principle that these taxes should reflect global warming, air pollution, road congestion, and other adverse environmental impacts of energy use is well established, there has been little previous work providing guidance on how countries can put this principle into practice. This book develops a practical methodology, and associated tools, to show how the major environmental damages from energy can be quantified for different countries and used to design the efficient set of energy taxes.
Author: European Environment Agency Publisher: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities ISBN: Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 584
Book Description
This is the third state and outlook report on the European environment produced by the European Environment Agency (EEA) since 1994. The last report, published in 1999 concluded that, despite 25 years of Community environmental policy, environmental quality in the European Union (EU) was mixed and that the unsustainable development of some key economic sectors was the major barrier to further improvements. That remains the EEA's key conclusion, despite significant progress on some issues demonstrating that environmental policy works. The next report is due in 2010, and the EEA intends to have played its part in reversing unsustainable trends in sectors such as energy, agriculture and transport. This report is in four parts: (A) an integrated assessment of the atmospheric, aquatic and terrestrial environment; (B) a core set of indicators, including pollution, biodiversity, climate change, agriculture, energy, fisheries and transport; (C) country analysis; and (D) a bibliography of EEA publications since 2000.
Author: A (NA)
Author: A (NA)
Author: Nordic Council of Ministers
Author: International and National Abatement Strategies for Transboundary Air Pollution (Programme)
Author: 
Author: 
Author: 
Author: UN. ECE. Executive Body for the Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution. Task Force on Integrated Assessment Modelling. Chairman
Author: World Health Organization
Author: Ian W.H. Parry
Author: European Environment Agency