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Author: Shigeru Fujita Publisher: ISBN: Category : Employment Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
This paper studies the quantitative properties of a multiple-worker firm matching model with on-the-job search where heterogeneous firms operate decreasing-returns-to-scale production technology. We focus on the model's ability to replicate the business cycle features of job flows, worker flows between employment and unemployment, and job-to-job transitions. The calibrated model successfully replicates (i) countercyclical worker flows between employment and unemployment, (ii) procyclical job-to-job transitions, and (iii) opposite movements of job creation and destruction rates over the business cycle. The cyclical properties of worker flows between employment and unemployment differ from those of job flows, partly because of the presence of job-to-job transitions. We also show, however, that job flows measured by net employment changes differ significantly from total worker separation and accession rates, because separations also occur at firms with positive net employment changes, and similarly firms that are shrinking on net may hire workers to partially offset attritions. The presence of job-to-job transitions is the key to producing these differences.
Author: John Haltiwanger Publisher: University of Chicago Press ISBN: 0226314596 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 494
Book Description
Rapidly changing technology, the globalization of markets, and the declining role of unions are just some of the factors that have led to dramatic changes in working conditions in the United States. Little attention has been paid to the difficult measurement problems underlying analysis of the labor market. Labor Statistics Measurement Issues helps to fill this gap by exploring key theoretical and practical issues in the measurement of employment, wages, and workplace practices. Some of the chapters in this volume explore the conceptual issues of what is needed, what is known, or what can be learned from existing data, and what needs have not been met by available data sources. Others make innovative uses of existing data to analyze these topics. Also included are papers examining how answers to important questions are affected by alternative measures used and how these can be reconciled. This important and useful book will find a large audience among labor economists and consumers of labor statistics.
Author: Shigeru Fujita Publisher: ISBN: Category : Employment Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
This paper studies the quantitative properties of a multiple-worker firm matching model with on-the-job search where heterogeneous firms operate decreasing-returns-to-scale production technology. We focus on the model's ability to replicate the business cycle features of job flows, worker flows between employment and unemployment, and job-to-job transitions. The calibrated model successfully replicates (i) countercyclical worker flows between employment and unemployment, (ii) procyclical job-to-job transitions, and (iii) opposite movements of job creation and destruction rates over the business cycle. The cyclical properties of worker flows between employment and unemployment differ from those of job flows, partly because of the presence of job-to-job transitions. We also show, however, that job flows measured by net employment changes differ significantly from total worker separation and accession rates, because separations also occur at firms with positive net employment changes, and similarly firms that are shrinking on net may hire workers to partially offset attritions. The presence of job-to-job transitions is the key to producing these differences.
Author: Steven J. Davis Publisher: ISBN: Category : Labor market Languages : en Pages : 40
Book Description
We combine information from several different studies and data sets to assemble a fuller, more accurate picture of job flows and worker flows in U.S. labor markets. Our picture characterizes the magnitudes of job and worker flows, the connections between them, their cyclical behavior, differences among identifiable groups of workers and employers, the spatial concentration of job flows, and other aspects of labor market dynamics. We also assess the relative strengths and weaknesses of the U.S. data sets that are currently available for measuring labor market flows, and we clarify the relationships among various measures of labor market flow activity that appear in the literature. Finally, we discuss prospects for using administrative records maintained by U.S. government agencies to develop new longitudinal data sets that would permit timely, detailed and comprehensive measures of gross job and worker flows
Author: Nobuhiro Kiyotaki Publisher: ISBN: Category : Labor market Languages : en Pages : 72
Book Description
"We develop a model of gross job and worker flows and use it to study how the wages, permanent incomes, and employment status of individual workers evolve over time. Our model helps explain various features of labor markets, such as the size and persistence of the changes in income that workers experience due to displacements or job-to-job transitions, the length of job tenures and unemployment duration, and the amount of worker turnover in excess of job reallocation. We also examine the effects that labor market institutions and public policy have on the gross flows, as well as on the resulting wage distribution, employment, and aggregate output in the equilibrium. From a theoretical standpoint, we study the extent to which the competitive equilibrium achieves an efficient allocation of resources"--Abstract.
Author: Steven J. Davis Publisher: ISBN: Category : Economics Languages : en Pages : 43
Book Description
Many theoretical models of labor market search imply a tight link between worker flows (hires and separations) and job gains and losses at the employer level. Partly motivated by these theories, we exploit establishment-level data from U.S. sources to study the relationship between worker flows and job flows in the cross section and over time. We document strong, highly nonlinear relationships of hiring, quit and layoff rates to employer growth in the cross section. Simple statistical models that capture these cross-sectional relationships greatly improve our ability to account for fluctuations in aggregate worker flows. We also evaluate how well various theoretical models and views fit the patterns in the data. Aggregate fluctuations in layoffs are well captured by micro specifications that impose a tight cross-sectional link between worker flows and job flows. Aggregate fluctuations in quits are not. Instead, quit rates rise and fall with booms and recessions across the distribution of establishment growth rates, but more so at shrinking employers. Finally, we use our preferred statistical models - in combination with data on the cross-sectional distribution of establishment growth rates - to construct synthetic JOLTS-type measures of hires, separations, quits and layoffs back to 1990 -- National Bureau of Economic Research web site.
Author: Shigeru Fujita
Author: John Haltiwanger
Author: Shigeru Fujita
Author: Simon M. Burgess
Author: Steven J. Davis
Author: Bruce Fallick
Author: Michael C. Burda
Author: john haltiwanger and milan vodopivec
Author: Nobuhiro Kiyotaki
Author: Sun-Bin Kim
Author: Steven J. Davis