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Author: Alseny Diallo Publisher: ISBN: Category : Global Positioning System Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Location-based services (LBSs) are significantly becoming a vital part of life. Global Navigation Satellite Systems such as GPS have been used in a wide range of applications, from transport navigation, and synchronization of telecommunications networks. GPS works remarkably well in outdoor positioning. However, GPS does not perform well when the target object is close to walls, buildings, trees, or indoor environments. This is because the signal from the GPS satellites is too weak to penetrate an obstacle like concrete walls and buildings. Due to the complicated characteristics of indoor environments, the development of an indoor localization technique is always linked with a set of difficulties. For instance, indoor localization systems are challenged by the influence of obstacles like equipment, movement of human beings, doors, walls, and more. To overcome those challenges, we propose an indoor localization system that uses radio frequency identification tags or RFID tags to localize moving targets. Our indoor localization algorithm derives the accurate location of a target object using a set of RFID tags deployed in a predefined area. Our localization algorithm derives the target device’s location based on the signal it receives from surrounding tags. Depending on the number of tags in the surrounding area, the algorithm uses different formulas to calculate the target’s location. Specifically, there are three different cases. A case where a target object is nearby one tag, two tags or three tags. The localization algorithm works well when an area is well covered by tags. To optimize the coverage using a limited number of tags, we developed a greedy algorithm that uses a novel score function to help deploy the RFID tags in a predefined area to guarantee maximum coverage. This approach is evaluated using both simulation and real system use cases. Additionally, we designed a system deployment that uses the localization algorithm and the tag deployment algorithm to track several target objects in a 2-dimensional space. The system is proven to be reliable, fault-tolerant and scale very well with an increase in workload. The results show our approach is effective in localizing target objects with high accuracy.
Author: Alseny Diallo Publisher: ISBN: Category : Global Positioning System Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Location-based services (LBSs) are significantly becoming a vital part of life. Global Navigation Satellite Systems such as GPS have been used in a wide range of applications, from transport navigation, and synchronization of telecommunications networks. GPS works remarkably well in outdoor positioning. However, GPS does not perform well when the target object is close to walls, buildings, trees, or indoor environments. This is because the signal from the GPS satellites is too weak to penetrate an obstacle like concrete walls and buildings. Due to the complicated characteristics of indoor environments, the development of an indoor localization technique is always linked with a set of difficulties. For instance, indoor localization systems are challenged by the influence of obstacles like equipment, movement of human beings, doors, walls, and more. To overcome those challenges, we propose an indoor localization system that uses radio frequency identification tags or RFID tags to localize moving targets. Our indoor localization algorithm derives the accurate location of a target object using a set of RFID tags deployed in a predefined area. Our localization algorithm derives the target device’s location based on the signal it receives from surrounding tags. Depending on the number of tags in the surrounding area, the algorithm uses different formulas to calculate the target’s location. Specifically, there are three different cases. A case where a target object is nearby one tag, two tags or three tags. The localization algorithm works well when an area is well covered by tags. To optimize the coverage using a limited number of tags, we developed a greedy algorithm that uses a novel score function to help deploy the RFID tags in a predefined area to guarantee maximum coverage. This approach is evaluated using both simulation and real system use cases. Additionally, we designed a system deployment that uses the localization algorithm and the tag deployment algorithm to track several target objects in a 2-dimensional space. The system is proven to be reliable, fault-tolerant and scale very well with an increase in workload. The results show our approach is effective in localizing target objects with high accuracy.
Author: Chenshu Wu Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9811303568 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 225
Book Description
This book provides a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of wireless indoor localization for ubiquitous applications. The past decade has witnessed a flourishing of WiFi-based indoor localization, which has become one of the most popular localization solutions and has attracted considerable attention from both the academic and industrial communities. Specifically focusing on WiFi fingerprint based localization via crowdsourcing, the book follows a top-down approach and explores the three most important aspects of wireless indoor localization: deployment, maintenance, and service accuracy. After extensively reviewing the state-of-the-art literature, it highlights the latest advances in crowdsourcing-enabled WiFi localization. It elaborated the ideas, methods and systems for implementing the crowdsourcing approach for fingerprint-based localization. By tackling the problems such as: deployment costs of fingerprint database construction, maintenance overhead of fingerprint database updating, floor plan generation, and location errors, the book offers a valuable reference guide for technicians and practitioners in the field of location-based services. As the first of its kind, introducing readers to WiFi-based localization from a crowdsourcing perspective, it will greatly benefit and appeal to scientists and researchers in mobile and ubiquitous computing and related areas.
Author: Bhavik Contractor Publisher: ISBN: Category : Radio frequency identification systems Languages : en Pages : 75
Book Description
The advent of GPS has redefined the need of a positioning system in today*’s ubiquitous computing world. While GPS works satisfactorily and is quite a norm in an outdoor environment, it fails to work indoors due to the inherent complexity of an indoor environment. There is an ever increasing need to develop an indoor positioning system and a lot of research has been done to solve the problem of indoor localization. These solutions differ on the basis of cost, dependency on environment, line of sight requirements and so on. Passive RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) tags pose an interesting solution to the problem of indoor localization, given the ease of deployment and the cost effective infrastructure. It is less expensive to tag items with RFID tags, than to attach them with sensor nodes. In this thesis, the problem of using the RFID technology for two dimensional indoor localization is studied. A relatively inexpensive technique requiring just one RFID reader and multiple passive RFID tags is adopted. The idea is to use multilateration among the passive tags to solve the problem of localization. A ranging technique is developed to establish a relationship between signal strength and distance. The concept of Received Signal Strength calibration is used to develop the ranging technique, and to account for the effects of dynamic environmental conditions on localization. Finally, an error map matching technique is employed to counter the errors in localization.
Author: Jinsong Han Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319126466 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 66
Book Description
This SpringerBrief examines the use of cheap commercial passive RFID tags to achieve accurate device-free object-tracking. It presents a sensitive detector, named Twins, which uses a pair of adjacent passive tags to detect uncooperative targets (such as intruders). Twins leverages a newly observed phenomenon called critical state that is caused by interference among passive tags. The author expands on the previous object tracking methods, which are mostly device-based, and reveals a new interference model and their extensive experiments for validation. A prototype implementation of the Twins-based intrusion detection scheme with commercial off-the-shelf reader and tags is also covered in this SpringerBrief. Device-Free Object Tracking Using Passive Tags is designed for researchers and professionals interested in smart sensing, localization, RFID and Internet of Things applications. The content is also useful for advanced-level students studying electrical engineering and computer science.
Author: Feng Zheng Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1118824318 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 298
Book Description
This book discusses the fundamentals of RFID and the state-of-the-art research results in signal processing for RFID, including MIMO, blind source separation, anti-collision, localization, covert RFID and chipless RFID. Aimed at graduate students as well as academic and professional researchers/engineers in RFID technology, it enables readers to become conversant with the latest theory and applications of signal processing for RFID. Key Features: Provides a systematic and comprehensive insight into the application of modern signal processing techniques for RFID systems Discusses the operating principles, channel models of RFID, RFID protocols and analog/digital filter design for RFID Explores RFID-oriented modulation schemes and their performance Highlights research fields such as MIMO for RFID, blind signal processing for RFID, anti-collision of multiple RFID tags, localization with RFID, covert RFID and chipless RFID Contains tables, illustrations and design examples
Author: Kegen Yu Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 047074796X Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 450
Book Description
Ground Based Wireless Positioning provides an in-depth treatment of non-GPS based wireless positioning techniques, with a balance between theory and engineering practice. The book presents the architecture, design and testing of a variety of wireless positioning systems based on the time-of-arrival, signal strength, and angle-of-arrival measurements. These techniques are essential for developing accurate wireless positioning systems which can operate reliably in both indoor and outdoor environments where the Global Positioning System (GPS) proves to be inadequate. The book covers a wide range of issues including radio propagation, parameter identification, statistical signal processing, optimization, and localization in large and multi-hop networks. A comprehensive study on the state-of-the-art techniques and methodologies in wireless positioning and tracking is provided, including anchor-based and anchor-free localisation in wireless sensor networks (WSN). The authors address real world issues such as multipath, non-line-of-sight (NLOS) propagation, accuracy limitations and measurement errors. Presenting the latest advances in the field, Ground Based Wireless Positioning is one of the first books to cover non-GPS based technologies for wireless positioning. It serves as an indispensable reference for researchers and engineers specialising in the fields of localization and tracking, and wireless sensor networks. Provides a comprehensive treatment of methodologies and algorithms for positioning and tracking Includes practical issues and case studies in designing real wireless positioning systems Explains non-line-of-sight (NLOS) radio propagation and NLOS mitigation techniques Balances solid theory with engineering practice of non-GPS wireless systems
Author: Anthony LaMarca Publisher: Morgan & Claypool Publishers ISBN: 1598295829 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 134
Book Description
Advances in electronic location technology and the coming of age of mobile computing have opened the door for location-aware applications to permeate all aspects of everyday life. Location is at the core of a large number of high-value applications ranging from the life-and-death context of emergency response to serendipitous social meet-ups. For example, the market for GPS products and services alone is expected to grow to US$200 billion by 2015. Unfortunately, there is no single location technology that is good for every situation and exhibits high accuracy, low cost, and universal coverage. In fact, high accuracy and good coverage seldom coexist, and when they do, it comes at an extreme cost. Instead, the modern localization landscape is a kaleidoscope of location systems based on a multitude of different technologies including satellite, mobile telephony, 802.11, ultrasound, and infrared among others. This lecture introduces researchers and developers to the most popular technologies and systems for location estimation and the challenges and opportunities that accompany their use. For each technology, we discuss the history of its development, the various systems that are based on it, and their trade-offs and their effects on cost and performance. We also describe technology-independent algorithms that are commonly used to smooth streams of location estimates and improve the accuracy of object tracking. Finally, we provide an overview of the wide variety of application domains where location plays a key role, and discuss opportunities and new technologies on the horizon. Table of Contents: Introduction / The Global Positioning System / Infrared and Ultrasonic Systems / Location Esimation with 802.11 / Cellular-Based Systems / Other Approaches / Improving Localization Accuracy / Location-Based Applications and Services / Challenges and Opportunities / References
Author: Zhuoqi Zeng Publisher: Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH ISBN: 3832552294 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 152
Book Description
To further improve the NLOS detection and mitigation performance for Ultra-wideband (UWB) system, this thesis systematically investigates the UWB LOS/NLOS errors. The LOS errors are evaluated in different environments and with different distances. Different blockage materials and blockage conditions are considered for NLOS errors. The UWB signal propagation is also investigated. Furthermore, the relationships between the CIRs and the accurate/inaccurate range measurements are theoretically discussed in three different situations: ideal LOS path, small-scale fading: multipath and NLOS path. These theoretical relationships are validated with real measured CIRs in the Bosch Shanghai office environment. Based on the error and signal propagation investigation results, four different algorithms are proposed for four different scenarios to improve the NLOS identification accuracy. After the comparison of the localization performance for TOA/TDOA, it is found that on normal office floor, TOA works better than TDOA. In harsh industrial environments, where NLOS frequently occurs, TDOA is more suitable than TOA. Thus, in the first scenario, the position estimation is realized with TOA on the office floor, while in the second scenario, a novel approach to combined TOA and TDOA with accurate range and range difference selection is proposed in the harsh industrial environment. The optimization of the feature combination and parameters in machine learning algorithms for accurate measurement detection is discussed for both scenarios. For the third and fourth scenarios, the UWB/IMU fusion system stays in focus. Instead of detecting the NLOS outliers by assuming that the error distributions are Gaussian, the accurate measurement detection is realized based on the triangle inequality theorem. All the proposed approaches are tested with the collected measurements from the developed UWB system. The position estimation of these approaches has better accuracy than that of the traditional methods.
Author: Nuno Borges Carvalho Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 111957854X Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 432
Book Description
Provides a collection of works produced by COST Action IC1301 with the goal of achieving significant advances in the field of wireless power transmission This book constitutes together information from COST Action IC1301, a group of academic and industry experts seeking to align research efforts in the field of wireless power transmission (WPT). It begins with a discussion of backscatter as a solution for Internet of Things (IoT) devices and goes on to describe ambient backscattering sensors that use FM broadcasting for low cost and low power wireless applications. The book also explores localization of passive RFID tags and augmented tags using nonlinearities of RFID chips. It concludes with a review of methods of electromagnetic characterization of textile materials for the development of wearable antennas. Wireless Power Transmission for Sustainable Electronics: COST WiPE - IC1301 covers textile-supported wireless energy transfer, and reviews methods for the electromagnetic characterization of textile materials for the development of wearable antennas. It also looks at: backscatter RFID sensor systems for remote health monitoring; simultaneous localization (of robots and objects) and mapping (SLAM); autonomous system of wireless power distribution for static and moving nodes of wireless sensor networks; and more. Presents techniques for smart beam-forming for "on demand" wireless power transmission (WPT) Discusses RF and microwave energy harvesting for space applications Describes miniaturized RFID transponders for object identification and sensing Wireless Power Transmission for Sustainable Electronics: COST WiPE - IC1301 is an excellent book for both graduate students and industry engineers involved in wireless communications and power transfer, and sustainable materials for those fields.
Author: Alseny Diallo
Author: Alseny Diallo
Author: Chenshu Wu
Author: 
Author: Bhavik Contractor
Author: Jinsong Han
Author: Feng Zheng
Author: Kegen Yu
Author: Anthony LaMarca
Author: Zhuoqi Zeng
Author: Nuno Borges Carvalho