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Author: Cindy Russmann Publisher: GRIN Verlag ISBN: 3346187896 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 11
Book Description
Seminar paper from the year 2020 in the subject Economics - Macro-economics, general, grade: 1,7, University of Applied Sciences Stuttgart, language: English, abstract: In this essay I discuss and analyze the effects of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 on the German labor market based on a literature review. Due to the currency of this topic, there is still limited scientific literature and publishes studies. Therefore, I work only with a few selected sources. A year ago, nobody would have thought that we were in such an economic and private situation. Due to the Coronavirus the public life is largely paralyzed, production lines have come to a standstill and air traffic is restricted. At the beginning of the crisis, it was still assumed that the consequences would only affect China and the trade associated with it. But it quickly became clear, however, that the crisis affects the entire global community and that there is no economic counterweight to the countries affected. Unlike previous financial crises, the Corona crisis is spreading both - on supply and demand. Production processes are affected because employees are sick and absent. Suppliers can no longer deliver due to transport restrictions. As a result of closures in the service sector, there is neither sales nor income. In addition, the entire consumption worldwide collapsed, since the closures of retail or catering businesses simply eliminate the opportunities for this. This is an exceptional situation for any country, and we must try to deal with it properly. What are the economic consequences of such a lockdown and to what extent is it acceptable? How long will these impacts be felt and how quickly can a society recover from it?
Author: Cindy Russmann Publisher: GRIN Verlag ISBN: 3346187896 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 11
Book Description
Seminar paper from the year 2020 in the subject Economics - Macro-economics, general, grade: 1,7, University of Applied Sciences Stuttgart, language: English, abstract: In this essay I discuss and analyze the effects of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 on the German labor market based on a literature review. Due to the currency of this topic, there is still limited scientific literature and publishes studies. Therefore, I work only with a few selected sources. A year ago, nobody would have thought that we were in such an economic and private situation. Due to the Coronavirus the public life is largely paralyzed, production lines have come to a standstill and air traffic is restricted. At the beginning of the crisis, it was still assumed that the consequences would only affect China and the trade associated with it. But it quickly became clear, however, that the crisis affects the entire global community and that there is no economic counterweight to the countries affected. Unlike previous financial crises, the Corona crisis is spreading both - on supply and demand. Production processes are affected because employees are sick and absent. Suppliers can no longer deliver due to transport restrictions. As a result of closures in the service sector, there is neither sales nor income. In addition, the entire consumption worldwide collapsed, since the closures of retail or catering businesses simply eliminate the opportunities for this. This is an exceptional situation for any country, and we must try to deal with it properly. What are the economic consequences of such a lockdown and to what extent is it acceptable? How long will these impacts be felt and how quickly can a society recover from it?
Author: Mr. Shekhar Aiyar Publisher: International Monetary Fund ISBN: 1513596179 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 37
Book Description
Kurzarbeit (KA), Germany’s short-time work program, is widely credited with saving jobs and supporting domestic demand during the COVID-19 recession. We quantify the impact by exploiting state-level variation in exposure to the pandemic shock and KA take-up. We construct a shift-share measure of the labor demand shock and instrument KA take-up using the pre-existing, state-specific share of workers eligible for KA. We find, first, that KA was crucial in mitigating unemployment: absent its expansion the unemployment rate would have increased by an additional 3 pp on average at the trough of the recession. Second, KA also bolstered domestic demand: the contraction in consumption could have been 2 to 3 times larger absent the program. Finally, we provide preliminary evidence on the sensitivity of the medium-run reallocation of resources to the prevalence of jobretention schemes during the Global Financial Crisis.
Author: Bambra, Clare Publisher: Policy Press ISBN: 1447361237 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 198
Book Description
EPDF and EPUB available Open Access under CC-BY-NC- ND This accessible, yet authoritative book shows how the pandemic is a syndemic of disease and inequality. It argues that these inequalities are a political choice and we need to learn quickly to prevent growing inequality and to reduce health inequalities in the future.
Author: Anja Bauer Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
This paper evaluates the short-term labour market impact of the COVID-19 Containment measures in Germany. We take the closure of economic sectors such as restaurants and retail as a treatment, which enables difference-in-difference estimation. Additionally considering input-output linkages between the sectors, we find that 60 percent of the considerably increased inflows from employment into unemployment in April 2020 were due to the containment measures. In a second approach, we make use of the fact that sector closures and curfews were implemented at different times by the German state governments. In a regional regression setup based on treatment intensity, we find that the hiring margin accounted for additional 82 percent of the unemployment effect coming from the separations margin. In sum, the lockdown measures increased unemployment in the short run by 117,000 persons.
Author: Mr. Sakai Ando Publisher: International Monetary Fund ISBN: Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 96
Book Description
In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic caused by far the largest shock to European economies since World War II. Yet, astonishingly, the EU unemployment rate had already declined to its pre-crisis level by 2021Q3, and in some countries the labor force participation rate is at a record high. This paper documents that the widespread use of job retention schemes has played an essential role in mitigating the pandemic’s impact on labor markets and thereby facilitating the restart of European economies after the initial lockdowns.
Author: Anja Bauer Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
This paper evaluates the short-term labour market impact of the COVID-19 containment measures in Germany. It examines two dimensions of the first lockdown in Germany, namely the length and the strength of the lockdown. While the assessment of the length is conducted via variation across regions and time in closing days and curfews, the latter uses the degree of closure in different sectors. For the length of the lockdown we find that an additional day of closure lead to an increase in the separation rate of 2.7 percent and a decrease in the jobfinding rate of 1.8 percent. For the strength of the lockdown the results show that a higher degree of closure increases separations and lower job findings to a similar extent. In both dimensions, we find that the effects are non-linear over time. Given this approach, we find that 31 percent of the considerably increased inflows from employment into unemployment, and 33 percent of the reduced outflows from unemployment to employment in the first wave were due to the treatment effect of the lockdown measures. In sum, the lockdown measures increased unemployment in the short run by 80,000 persons.
Author: National Intelligence Council Publisher: Cosimo Reports ISBN: 9781646794973 Category : Languages : en Pages : 158
Book Description
"The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic marks the most significant, singular global disruption since World War II, with health, economic, political, and security implications that will ripple for years to come." -Global Trends 2040 (2021) Global Trends 2040-A More Contested World (2021), released by the US National Intelligence Council, is the latest report in its series of reports starting in 1997 about megatrends and the world's future. This report, strongly influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, paints a bleak picture of the future and describes a contested, fragmented and turbulent world. It specifically discusses the four main trends that will shape tomorrow's world: - Demographics-by 2040, 1.4 billion people will be added mostly in Africa and South Asia. - Economics-increased government debt and concentrated economic power will escalate problems for the poor and middleclass. - Climate-a hotter world will increase water, food, and health insecurity. - Technology-the emergence of new technologies could both solve and cause problems for human life. Students of trends, policymakers, entrepreneurs, academics, journalists and anyone eager for a glimpse into the next decades, will find this report, with colored graphs, essential reading.
Author: OECD Publisher: OECD Publishing ISBN: 9264340335 Category : Languages : en Pages : 404
Book Description
The 2021 edition of the OECD Employment Outlook focusses on the labour market implications of the COVID‐19 crisis. Chapters 1-3 concentrate on the main labour market and social challenges brought about by the crisis and the policies to address them.
Book Description
V šestih prispevkih monografije so analizirani obstoječi in porajajoči se izzivi na področju delovne mobilnosti v Evropski uniji, pri čemer jih avtorji obravnavajo skozi prizmo mobilnih delavcev v različnih poklicih. Z večdisciplinarnim pristopom in uporabo različnih metodoloških prijemov so avtorji ustvarili ogrodje za analitične diskusije o učinkih mobilnosti v EU, učinkovitosti in pravičnosti prostega pretoka oseb znotraj EU ter večplastnosti posledic za posameznike, države članice in nacionalne politike. Prvi prispevek je teoretski uvod v tematiko, ki mobilnost izčrpno predstavi kot teoretski koncept, politično agendo in temeljno evropsko vrednoto. Kompleksni preplet mnogoterih učinkov delovne mobilnosti, ki se pojavljajo na več ravneh, je v nadaljevanju obravnavan v petih študijah primera. Le-te osvetljujejo dileme, paradokse, učinke in posledice notranje mobilnosti v EU na primerih mobilnih zdravstvenih delavcev, umetnikov in kulturnih delavcev, napotenih delavcev, skrbstvenih delavk in visoko izobraženih delavcev. Vsi predstavljeni primeri so rezultat večletnih znanstvenoraziskovalnih prizadevanj in aktivnega delovanja avtorjev v različnih projektih s področja mobilnosti.
Author: Selim Elekdag Publisher: International Monetary Fund ISBN: 1498393675 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 45
Book Description
Given the backdrop of pressing infrastructure needs, this paper argues that higher German public investment would not only stimulate domestic demand in the near term and reduce the current account surplus, but would also raise output over the longer-run as well as generate beneficial regional spillovers. While time-to-build delays can weaken the impact of the stimulus in the short-run, the expansionary effects of higher public investment are substantially strengthened with an accommodative monetary policy stance—as is typical during periods of economic slack. The current low-interest rate environment presents a window of opportunity to finance higher public investment at historically favorable rates.
Author: Cindy Russmann
Author: Cindy Russmann
Author: Mr. Shekhar Aiyar
Author: Bambra, Clare
Author: Anja Bauer
Author: Mr. Sakai Ando
Author: Anja Bauer
Author: National Intelligence Council
Author: OECD
Author: Kristina Toplak
Author: Selim Elekdag