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Author: Shaomin Li Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 1108492894 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 273
Book Description
Drawing on global empirical evidence, Li offers a novel explanation to the age-old puzzle of why some countries thrive despite corruption.
Author: Shaomin Li Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 1108492894 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 273
Book Description
Drawing on global empirical evidence, Li offers a novel explanation to the age-old puzzle of why some countries thrive despite corruption.
Author: Carl H. Greppin Publisher: ISBN: Category : Bribery Languages : en Pages : 188
Book Description
Why do people bribe and is it worth it? Given the complex nature of this question, I use in this study both quantitative and qualitative methods. Overall, the thesis comprises three separate but interrelated studies on bribing as a major element of corruption. First, in a Qualitative strand, I interview 30 U.S. executives who work in highly corrupt countries to understand the motivations of individuals for participating in corruption. I found that some executives refuse to participate in such practices, while others choose reluctantly to succumb to extortion, while some willingly participate in corruption. I illustrate costs the executives incur from making the decisions and reasons for why they make the decisions. I find that social norms play a significant role in their decisions including personal norms (individuals' standards for behaviors and ethical beliefs), subjective norms (expectations of close others), injunctive norms (general societal expectations of behavior), and descriptive norms (what other people actually do). Second, in a Quantitative strand, I analyze World Bank Enterprise Survey data of 2,956 firms in the former Soviet republics where bribing is prevalent to understand firm participation in bribing. Bribing activity is measured by the extent, frequency, and impact of providing additional payments or gifts to get things done. I use structural equation modeling to analyze the data and find that bribing activity has a significant direct positive effect on firm performance when measured by sales growth and employment growth. I conclude that firms undergo risk, effort, and expense to bribe, and they do so rationally in that they see it as a means to increase firm performance. The third study, combining a quantitative+Qualitative strand, seeks to understand differences in corruption participation. To this end I interview local executives in Kyrgyzstan and Georgia and conduct a country level quantitative analysis of the differences in firm performance using the same world bank data. Interview findings complement the findings from the quantitative strand and prior observations from the literature. In particular, my analysis suggests that bribing improves firm performance, supporting a "grease the wheels" hypothesis. I also note significant country differences which suggests that shaping the institutional environment and related expectations can have an impact on the level of bribing activity and its size. Overall, these findings help understand what motivates executives and firms to behave in corrupt ways and participate in bribery. Especially, the findings provide novel insights to the nascent literature on bribing and to antecedents in former Soviet countries. I also make recommendations to policy makers and practitioners on how to reduce bribing as one major form of corruption.
Author: David J O'Regan Publisher: Universal-Publishers ISBN: 1627343008 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 170
Book Description
What do Plato and the Bible tell us about bribery? Does it even matter? When it comes to ethical guidance on bribery should we look less to traditional wisdom and instead be seeking understanding and guidance primarily from modern sources? From economists with their talk of efficient markets, and from the critical theorists who focus on inequities in power relations? This book explores such questions in depth. Taking the form of a Platonic dialogue, the book contains a discussion of claims made for recognition of the positive aspects of bribery. This goes beyond the well-known "harmless" bribe - the facilitating or “grease” payment which encourages an official to speed up the performance of his or her existing duties, without additional favors. This type of baksheesh may be unattractive but it may be ethically acceptable on occasion, on the grounds of expediency. The discussion also covers the more controversial claim that some bribes are undeniably virtuous, owing to their positive consequences. An example of virtuous bribery is that made by Oskar Schindler to save lives in the Second World War. The book’s unique discussion format provides space for the comparison and differentiation of a plurality of ethical perspectives, and it reveals some surprising common ground between ostensibly irreconcilable ethical viewpoints. If a convincing case could be made for the acceptability of certain categories of bribery, the implications for public and institutional anti-bribery policies would be significant. In particular, the rationale for “zero tolerance” approaches might be threatened. Perhaps the ultimate public policy question raised in the text is how we might accommodate a fringe of virtuous and harmless bribery alongside a strict vigilance over the damaging effects of most bribes. By exploring this topic, this book will be of interest to public policy makers, anti-corruption professionals, and the general reader interested in counter-corruption practices.
Author: Alexandra Addison Wrage Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA ISBN: 0275996506 Category : Law Languages : en Pages : 177
Book Description
Bribery plays a significant role in international criminal activity. Terrorists pay bribes. Money-launderers pay bribes. Those who traffic in people, narcotics, and illegal arms pay bribes. People pay immigration officers not to ask, customs officials not to inspect, and police officers not to investigate. Bribes follow patterns that are not at all mysterious to the officials, salesmen, and citizens who seek them and pay them. Using a series of international cases, Wrage examines bribery, peeling back the mystique and ambiguity and exposing the very simple transactions that lie beneath. She shows how these seemingly everyday transactions can affect security, democratization, and human aid. Examples from around the world help to illustrate the nature of the problem and efforts at combating it. Bribery plays a significant role in international criminal activity. Terrorists pay bribes. Money-launderers pay bribes. Those who traffic in people, narcotics, and illegal arms pay bribes. People pay immigration officers not to ask, customs officials not to inspect, and police officers not to investigate. At corporate headquarters in the United States, it can be easy to dismiss modest bribes in distant countries as an unfortunate cost of doing business. Bribes follow patterns that are not at all mysterious to the officials, salesmen, and citizens who seek them and pay them. Using a series of international cases, Wrage examines bribery, peeling back the mystique and ambiguity and exposing the very simple transactions that lie beneath. She shows how these seemingly everyday transactions can affect security, democratization, and human aid around the globe. Bribery and Extortion presents a clear picture of the world of bribery and the havoc it can wreak on whole populations. Wrage covers commercial bribery, administrative and service-based bribery, and extortion. She considers bribery and extortion at both high levels of government and lower levels on the street. Examples from around the world help to illustrate the nature of the problem and efforts at combating it. The book concludes with practical suggestions and an assessment of current efforts to stem the tide of bribery and restore transparency to everyday transactions in all realms.
Author: Mr.Vito Tanzi Publisher: International Monetary Fund ISBN: 1451848390 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 40
Book Description
Corruption is attracting a lot of attention around the world. The paper surveys and discusses issues related to the causes, consequences, and scope of corruption and possible corrective actions. It emphasizes the costs of corruption in terms of economic growth. It also emphasizes that the fight against corruption may not be cheap and cannot be independent from the reform of the state. If certain reforms are not made, corruption is likely to continue to be a problem regardless of actions directly aimed at curtailing it.
Author: Paul M. Heywood Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1317575938 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 381
Book Description
Since the early 1990s, a series of major scandals in both the financial and most especially the political world has resulted in close attention being paid to the issue of corruption and its links to political legitimacy and stability. Indeed, in many countries – in both the developed as well as the developing world – corruption seems to have become almost an obsession. Concern about corruption has become a powerful policy narrative: the explanation of last resort for a whole range of failures and disappointments in the fields of politics, economics and culture. In the more established democracies, worries about corruption have become enmeshed in a wider debate about trust in the political class. Corruption remains as widespread today, possibly even more so, as it was when concerted international attention started being devoted to the issue following the end of the Cold War. This Handbook provides a showcase of the most innovative and exciting research being conducted in Europe and North America in the field of political corruption, as well as providing a new point of reference for all who are interested in the topic. The Handbook is structured around four core themes in the study of corruption in the contemporary world: understanding and defining the nature of corruption; identifying its causes; measuring its extent; and analysing its consequences. Each of these themes is addressed from various perspectives in the first four sections of the Handbook, whilst the fifth section explores new directions that are emerging in corruption research. The contributors are experts in their field, working across a range of different social-science perspectives.
Author: Susan Rose-Ackerman Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 1107081203 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 643
Book Description
This new edition of a 1999 classic shows how institutionalized corruption can be fought through sophisticated political-economic reform.
Author: OECD Publisher: OECD Publishing ISBN: 9789264013940 Category : Languages : en Pages : 112
Book Description
A ground-breaking report that throws new light on the shadowy mechanisms and patterns of bribery in public procurement, and offers insider expertise that governments and international organisations can use to improve their anti-corruption policies.
Author: Shaomin Li
Author: Shaomin Li
Author: Carl H. Greppin
Author: David J O'Regan
Author: Alexandra Addison Wrage
Author: Enrico Bisogno
Author: Philip M. Nichols
Author: Mr.Vito Tanzi
Author: Paul M. Heywood
Author: Susan Rose-Ackerman
Author: OECD