WHO IMPLEMENTATION TOOL FOR PRE-EXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS (PREP) OF HIV INFECTION: MODULE 2 COMMUNITY EDUCATORS AND ADVOCATES. PDF Download

Author: world health organization
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Author: World Health Organization
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9240057420
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 50

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Book Description
WHO's pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV infection implementation tool contains modules for a range of stakeholders to support them in the consideration, planning, introduction, implementation and roll-out of PrEP services. The modules can be used on their own or in combination. In addition, there is a module for individuals interested in or already taking oral PrEP. The STI integration module compiles existing WHO recommendations, systematic scientific literature reviews and other relevant publications to provide suggested implementation approaches. It is the product of collaboration among many experts, community organizations and networks, providers, implementers, researchers and partners from all regions. The STI integration module is divided into 2 parts: the first focuses on programme managers and other decision-makers, and the second on health care workers. People who use PrEP will also benefit from it.

Author:
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9240053697
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 46

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Author:
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9240043179
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 92

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Author: Mary M. McKay
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 113580351X
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 394

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Find out how best to develop HIV prevention programs that work Community Collaborative Partnerships: The Foundation for HIV Prevention Research Efforts is a must read for anyone interested in developing prevention programs within high-risk urban environments. Illustrative case studies, quality research, revealing personal stories, and helpful tables and figures provide valuable insights on innovative ways to partner in the prevention of the spread of HIV in youths. Leading experts in the field offer practical strategies to dissolve the distrust individuals in a community hold for researchers not a part of that community, fostering an effective collaboration to deal with problems. The book also describes ways to go beyond the United States’ model to reveal how to replicate the same dynamic relationships in international communities. Active participation with the community and families has been found to be vital for the success of HIV/AIDS prevention efforts. Community Collaborative Partnerships: The Foundation for HIV Prevention Research Efforts solves the common problem of forcing ineffective program models onto an unreceptive community. Program developers get the necessary tools to develop relationships and cultivate substantive input from those in the community to help ensure better program results. The research here is up-to-date, and the suggestions invaluable. Topics in Community Collaborative Partnerships: The Foundation for HIV Prevention Research Efforts include: the role of parenting in mental health and HIV risk research findings about frequency of sexual intercourse among adolescents racial socialization and family role in HIV knowledge family influences on exposure to situations of sexual possibility preadolescent risk behavior influence on parental monitoring strategies for collaboration between community and academic HIV prevention researchers involving urban parents as collaborators in HIV prevention research motivatorsand barriersto participation of minority families in a prevention program transferring a university-led HIV prevention program to the community Trinidad and Tobago HIV/AIDS prevention using a family-based program and much more! Community Collaborative Partnerships: The Foundation for HIV Prevention Research Efforts is valuable reading for researchers, program developers, community-based organizations, public policy/advocacy organizations, community organizers, educators, and students in the fields of social work, public health, public administration, and community medicine.

Author: Cara P Nalagan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Despite compelling evidence behind the efficacy of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in preventing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquisition and its introduction in 2012, the prescription of PrEP has remained low (Silapaswan, Krakower, & Mayer, 2016). At the Asian and Pacific Islander Wellness Center (API), an urban primary care clinic in San Francisco, suboptimal PrEP implementation was related to a lack of standardized practice and routine HIV risk screening for PrEP provision. A doctorate of nursing (DNP) project was implemented to initiate a standardized HIV risk screening protocol for identifying HIV risk and PrEP eligibility to increase PrEP implementation at API. The impact of this protocol demonstrated an increase in the PrEP implementation cascade, particularly in HIV risk identification, PrEP offer, and evaluation of at-risk patients for PrEP uptake (initiation). During implementation of the HIV risk screening protocol, however, inconsistent clinical staff compliance with the routine screening tool led to an inadequate increase in PrEP offer for patients who tested positive for a sexually transmitted infection (STI). This indicates a need for further reinforcement of standardized practice and clinical staff education on the importance of combining HIV risk screening and PrEP, with emphasis on the significant risk for HIV infection associated with positive STI, to effectively promote patient outcomes. Implications for further research include validation of the HIV PrEP screening tool used in the HIV risk screening protocol as a model for PrEP implementation in the primary care setting.

Author: Elizabeth M. Irungu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 138

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Daily, oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (FTC/TDF) is a highly potent HIV prevention intervention with potential to reduce HIV incidence among populations at risk of HIV in Africa if delivered with sufficient coverage. There are extensive data from high-income countries describing diverse settings in which PrEP services are offered. However, data describing PrEP scale-up models in low- and middle-income countries are limited. Public HIV care and treatment programs in Africa have been very successful at scaling up antiretroviral therapy (ART) over the last 15 years and are an attractive choice for integration of PrEP delivery. The main objective of the work described in this dissertation was to evaluate the effectiveness of PrEP implementation and integration in public HIV care clinics. The specific aims include to 1) conduct a step wedge cluster randomized trial of PrEP integration in public health HIV care clinics (the Partners Scale-Up Project) and evaluate impact; 2) conduct a process evaluation of PrEP integration in public HIV care clinics in Kenya, focusing on adaptation; 3) develop and evaluate the effectiveness of an on-site modular training approach to amplify the number of health care providers trained to deliver PrEP in public HIV care clinics in Kenya; and 4) summarize early PrEP rollout in African settings, challenges encountered and opportunities to expand implementation. We found evidence that integration of PrEP in public HIV clinics was feasible. By improving the capacity of health providers in those care clinics to offer PrEP services through training and technical support, PrEP uptake increased more than 20-fold and was sustained. With existing personnel and infrastructure, the high-volume HIV care clinics efficiently reached partners of HIV infected persons and other populations at HIV risk. PrEP users had reasonable continuation rates and objective evidence of high adherence. Using qualitative methods, we found that clinics made pragmatic, effective adaptations to non-core components of PrEP delivery services and to their routine practice to address challenges in PrEP delivery. We established that clinics that instituted some of the adaptations had above average monthly PrEP initiation and continuation rates. To amplify PrEP delivery in public health facilities, we developed and evaluated an innovative on-site modular training approach. We found that this approach was acceptable and it enabled many health providers to receive PrEP training conveniently and at a relatively low cost. Finally, our summary of early PrEP roll out in Africa revealed that there was high interest in PrEP among all populations at risk of acquiring HIV, but individuals did not continue use as expected. We suggested strategies to make PrEP delivery efficient, including delivery within community pharmacies, use of peers, services availed in low tier facilities and exploration of one-stop services to make PrEP delivery less burdensome. The collective results presented in this dissertation illustrate that integration of PrEP services in public HIV care clinics in Kenya is a successful and sustainable model for PrEP implementation. We posit that this model can be scaled up in African countries planning to set up PrEP programs.

Author: Julie Kay Schexnayder
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Community health services
Languages : en
Pages : 176

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Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) effectively reduces the risk of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection. PrEP implementation in public health clinics is suggested for increasing PrEP access; However, it is unclear if these venues can reduce the disparities in PrEP use that are observed for Black and Latinx adults. We analyzed data from health departments completing their first PrEP program year between June 1, 2016 and June 30, 2019. We estimated PrEP coverage and adherence in Black and Latinx clients. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with multidisciplinary public health workers (n=6). The Consolidated Framework for Implementation guided a thematic analysis of interviews. Of the 433 PrEP clients, 52.0% were non-Hispanic Black and 8.9% were Hispanic/Latinx. PrEP to need ratios were greater for White clients than for Black or Latinx clients at five of the nine health departments. The average medication possession ratio for Black and Latinx PrEP clients (.79) approached effective daily adherence levels. However, a single prescription was filled for 25.0% of Black and Latinx clients. Qualitative data indicated compatibility issues between PrEP services delivery and community preferences and needs. Challenges integrating longitudinal follow-up practices, and complex PrEP re-enrollment procedures emerged as additional factors influencing PrEP outcomes. The results of this dissertation indicate that public health clinics vary in their ability to deliver all components of PrEP clinical monitoring and in their ability to increase PrEP coverage in Black and Latinx adults. Tailoring of PrEP services to Black and Latinx adults may be necessary to optimize PrEP coverage and adherence.

Author: Tanya Clesie Cavallaro-Moretti
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : AIDS (Disease)
Languages : en
Pages : 152

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The Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) guidelines 2014, supported by scientific evidence, recommends the use of antiviral therapy (ART) prophylaxis to prevent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in patients at high-risk for HIV infection. The literature is limited on PrEP guidelines use in the urgent care (UC) settings. The purpose of this project was to determine the knowledge of urgent care providers regarding the PrEP guidelines and their practices of assess patients at high-risk for HIV infection. Additionally, the project aimed to determine the feasibility of providers to prescribe, implement and follow patients to whom they have prescribed the PrEP guidelines. The diffusion of innovation theory was used as the framework of this project to assist in process of the adoption of the PrEP in the urgent care settings. This project used quantitative descriptive methodology using a survey and chart review that identified the current HIV preventive practice in the UC in Arizona. There were four clinical questions (CQs) that investigated the healthcare provider's knowledge, practice, and attitude toward HIV prevention. There were 208 HIV screening tests ordered in 2016 in the UC, and there were 20 patients that received ART prophylaxis prescribed by nurse practitioner and from those, only six prescribed Truvada® were for PrEP. Truvada® was given to 2.88% of 208 of the patients screened for HIV. The project identified barriers to implementation of the PrEP guidelines in UC and the DIT can assist with diffusion of PrEP guidelines. The project identified algorithms to facilitate the application of prep guidelines into urgent care. The applicability of the PrEP guidelines into the UC settings was investigated and the UC is prepared to indicate ART to those who have clinical indications for PrEP, in addition to HIV screening and education.

Author: Valentine Adhiambo Wanga
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 82

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Book Description
The rollout of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention to priority populations, including young women, is expanding in sub-Saharan Africa. However, existing barriers to PrEP rollout at the individual, community and policy levels could slow progress and impede the success of PrEP implementation programs. In order to achieve success in HIV prevention, it is crucial to address these barriers, particularly among young women, a population especially vulnerable to HIV. In this dissertation, we evaluated the links among risk perception, sexual behavior and PrEP adherence in serodiscordant couples, evaluated the impact of incorporating HIVST in PrEP delivery for young women and assessed the cost of delivering PrEP to young women. In Aim 1, we used data from HIV-negative adults enrolled in a study of PrEP and antiretroviral therapy for HIV-serodiscordant couples in Kenya and Uganda to examine associations between: 1) condom use and risk perception and 2) risk perception and PrEP adherence. In Aim 2, we offered HIV self-testing (HIVST) to young women enrolled in a PrEP implementation study in two family planning clinics and assessed satisfaction with HIV testing and clinic experience, and the impact of HIVST on PrEP delivery procedures. In Aim 3, using the same population as that in Aim 2, we used micro-costing methods to estimate the incremental cost of delivering PrEP to young women. We found that sexual behavior aligned with perceived HIV risk, which can facilitate an HIV-negative individual's decisions about PrEP use. Additionally, we found HIVST to be feasible and acceptable for young women using PrEP, highlighting the need to evaluate its utility to streamline PrEP delivery and provide more testing options for young women on PrEP. Lastly, using practical data from PrEP implementation, we estimated the cost of delivering PrEP to young women, providing valuable data to inform budget impact and cost-effectiveness analyses as well as local resource allocation for scale-up of PrEP delivery to young women. Collectively, these studies addressed some of the barriers to PrEP delivery, proposed solutions to these barriers and drew attention to priority research needs for PrEP delivery to young women.