What's Behind Mercosur's Common External Tariff? PDF Download
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Author: Marcelo Olarreaga Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: Category : Commercial policy Languages : en Pages : 48
Book Description
"Most researchers focus on the political economy (interest group pressures) approach to analyzing why customs unions are formed, but terms-of-trade effects were also important in formation of the common market of the Southern Cone (Mercosur). Terms-of-trade externalities among Mercosur's members have been internalized in the common external tariff--Cover.
Author: Marcelo Olarreaga Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: Category : Commercial policy Languages : en Pages : 48
Book Description
"Most researchers focus on the political economy (interest group pressures) approach to analyzing why customs unions are formed, but terms-of-trade effects were also important in formation of the common market of the Southern Cone (Mercosur). Terms-of-trade externalities among Mercosur's members have been internalized in the common external tariff--Cover.
Author: Marcelo Olarreaga Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Most researchers focus on the political economy (interest group pressures) approach to analyzing why customs unions are formed, but terms-of-trade effects were also important in formation of the Common Market of the Southern Cone (Mercosur). Terms-of-trade externalities among Mercosur's members have been internalized in the common external tariff. The theoretical literature on trade follows two different approaches to explaining the endogenous formation of customs unions: (1) The terms-of-trade approach, in which integrating partners are willing to exploit terms-of-trade effects. Using the terms-of-trade approach, one concludes that tariffs on imports from the rest of the world should increase after the formation of a regional bloc, because the market power of the region increases and terms-of-trade externalities can be internalized in the custom union's common external tariff. As the union forms, the domestic market gets larger and members' international market power increases. (2) The interest group pressures (political economy) approach, in which, for example, the customs union may offer the potential for exchanging markets or protection within the enlarged market. Using this approach, one would usually conclude that tariffs for the rest of the world decline after the custom union`s formation - a rationale related to free-rider effects in larger lobbying groups. It is important to recognize the forces behind the formation of customs unions. Most researchers have focused on the second approach and neglected terms of trade as a possible explanatory variable. Both rationales explain a significant share of tariff information. Results, write Olarreaga, Soloaga, and Winters, suggest that both forces were important in formation of the Common Market of the Southern Cone (Mercosur). Terms-of-trade effects account for between 6 percent and 28 percent of the explained variation in the structure of protection. There is also evidence that the terms-of-trade externalities among Mercosur's members have been internalized in the common external tariff. This paper - a product of Trade, Development Research Group - is part of a larger effort in the group to understand the political economy of trade protection.
Author: Aaditya Mattoo Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: 1464815542 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 768
Book Description
Deep trade agreements (DTAs) cover not just trade but additional policy areas, such as international flows of investment and labor and the protection of intellectual property rights and the environment. Their goal is integration beyond trade or deep integration. These agreements matter for economic development. Their rules influence how countries (and hence, the people and firms that live and operate within them) transact, invest, work, and ultimately, develop. Trade and investment regimes determine the extent of economic integration, competition rules affect economic efficiency, intellectual property rights matter for innovation, and environmental and labor rules contribute to environmental and social outcomes. This Handbook provides the tools and data needed to analyze these new dimensions of integration and to assess the content and consequences of DTAs. The Handbook and the accompanying database are the result of collaboration between experts in different policy areas from academia and other international organizations, including the International Trade Centre (ITC), Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), and World Trade Organization (WTO).
Author: Antonio Estache Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: Category : Air Languages : en Pages : 42
Book Description
"Learning to regulate fairly, effectively, and at arm's length may be the main challenge governments face in attracting private investment and financing to the transport sector"--Cover.
Author: Hua Wang Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: Category : Agua - China Languages : en Pages : 28
Book Description
"The marginal productivity of water used for industry varies among sectors in China, but there is a great potential for the Chinese government to save water by raising water prices to industry, to encourage water savings"--Cover.
Author: Asl? Demirgüç-Kunt Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: Category : Asset Portfolio Languages : en Pages : 42
Book Description
"Explicit deposit insurance tends to be detrimental to bank stability-- the more so where bank interest rates are deregulated and the institutional environment is weak"--Cover.
Author: Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: Category : Accountability Languages : en Pages : 44
Book Description
"In efforts to reform the administration of tax systems, the World Bank can substantially improve project design, execution, and effectiveness by adopting a more concerned approach to institutional analysis"--Cover.
Author: Ritva Reinikka Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: Category : Ajuste estructural - Uganda Languages : en Pages : 40
Book Description
"While macroeconomic reforms are necessary, firms' investment response is likely to remain limited without an accompanying improvement in public sector performance"--Cover.
Author: Susmita Dasgupta Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: Category : Ecology Languages : en Pages : 22
Book Description
"One of the main reasons for noncompliant firms' poor environmental performance is the information gap on Mexico's environmental policy. Pollution control could be improved through systematically fuller communication targeted to noncompliant firms-- including more environmental education, especially of senior managers"--Cover.
Author: Marcelo Olarreaga
Author: Marcelo Olarreaga
Author: Antoni Estevadeordal
Author: Marcelo Olarreaga
Author: Aaditya Mattoo
Author: Antonio Estache
Author: Hua Wang
Author: Asl? Demirgüç-Kunt
Author: 
Author: Ritva Reinikka
Author: Susmita Dasgupta