Perception of Weight Status in U.S. Children and Adolescents Aged 8-15 Years, 2005-2012 PDF Download

Author: Neda Sarafrazi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Body image in adolescence
Languages : en
Pages : 12

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Author: Elanor J. Anderson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Autistic youth
Languages : en
Pages : 25

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OBJECTIVE: The primary purpose of this study is to investigate the accuracy of weight status perception among adolescents with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder. A secondary purpose is to compare weight loss behaviors between children with and without ASD. METHODS: This study measured weight-perception and weight loss behaviors among Irish-thirteen-year olds with ASD (n=47) and typically developing (TD) children (n=47) (72% male). Participants completed questionnaires assessing perception of weight and weight loss behaviors. . Based on BMI, calculated from height and weight measurements, participants were classified as non-overweight, overweight and obese. Several Chi-square tests were used to examine (1) differences in accuracy of self-perception between adolescents with and without ASD, and (2) weight loss behaviors among children with and without ASD. RESULTS: All results from this study were statistically non-significant. Although, the study demonstrated that overweight adolescents with ASD were more than twice as likely (35%) to perceive their weight inaccurately compared to their overweight TD counterparts (15.4%). CONCLUSION: Future research should investigate self-perception in adolescents with ASD and the effects their body image has on their weight loss behaviors, social motivation, physical activity levels, and psychological health. Keywords: Autism Spectrum Disorder, Typically Developing, Weight loss behaviors, weight perception

Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309089964
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 277

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The primary purpose of fitness and body composition standards in the U.S. Armed Forces has always been to select individuals best suited to the physical demands of military service, based on the assumption that proper body weight and composition supports good health, physical fitness, and appropriate military appearance. The current epidemic of overweight and obesity in the United States affects the military services. The pool of available recruits is reduced because of failure to meet body composition standards for entry into the services and a high percentage of individuals exceeding military weight-for-height standards at the time of entry into the service leave the military before completing their term of enlistment. To aid in developing strategies for prevention and remediation of overweight in military personnel, the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command requested the Committee on Military Nutrition Research to review the scientific evidence for: factors that influence body weight, optimal components of a weight loss and weight maintenance program, and the role of gender, age, and ethnicity in weight management.

Author: Teresa Abrahamson-Richards
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 17

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Self-perception of body weight is an important issue among adolescents, a group at risk for body dissatisfaction and negative diet-related behaviors related to weight perception. The aim of our study was to evaluate weight perception among American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) overweight and obese adolescents and examine the associations between the accuracy of perceived body weight and dieting and physical activity behaviors. Using American Indian Alaska Native data from the national Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (2007-2011), we performed a cross sectional analysis of weight perception and dieting and physical activity among overweight and obese youth. Respondents' self-described weight status was matched with their body mass index (BMI) percentile using self-reported weight and height. Youth were classified as accurate perceivers if self-perception and BMI percentile coincided or misperceivers if the two were discordant. We evaluated the association between accurate perception versus misperception of weight and diet and physical activity outcomes using logistic regression to estimate prevalence odds ratios (aPOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), adjusting for sex. Misperceivers were more likely to be male and 15-16 years old than accurate perceivers. Misperceivers were 80 % (95% CI: 0.13-0.31) less likely to be trying to lose weight and 36% (95% CI: 0.40-1.03) less likely to be fasting to lose weight than accurate perceivers. Misperceivers were 48% (95% CI: 1.00-2.17) more likely to engage in ≥ 60 minutes of physical activity on ≥5 days per week 69% (95% CI: 1.15-2.48) more likely to attend physical education classes ≥3 days per week, and 95% (95% CI: 1.34-2.85) more likely to have played on ≥1 sports teams during the previous year than accurate perceivers. Misperceivers were also 64% (95% CI: 1.11-2.43) more likely to consume the recommended daily servings of fruit than accurate perceivers. The finding that misperceivers were more likely than accurate perceivers to engage in physical activity and less likely to engage in unhealthy fasting behavior suggests that adolescents' self-perceived weight status should be considered when designing weight-related interventions in this population and warrants further investigation in future studies.

Author: Jeffery Sobal
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351511726
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 275

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Book Description
What is "too fat"? what is "too thin"? Interpretations of body weight vary widely across and within cultures. Meeting weight expectations is a major concern for many people because failing to do so may incur dire social consequences, such as difficulty in finding a romantic partner or even in locating adequate employment. without these social and cultural pressures, body weight would only be a health issue. while socially constructed standards of body weight may seem immutable, they are continuously recreated through social interactions that perpetuate or transform expectations about fatness and thinness. Written by sociologists, psychologists, and nutritionists, all of the chapters in this book focus on how people construct fatness and thinness, examining different strategies used to interpret body weight, such as negotiating weight identities, reinterpreting weight, and becoming involved in weight-related organizations. Together these chapters emphasize the many ways that people actively define, construct, and enact their fatness and thinness in a variety of settings and situations.

Author: Laura King
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Introduction: Weight dissatisfaction and misperception are widespread problems in the United States as are unhealthy weight loss practices. These negative body image issues can lead to eating disorders which have serious health and quality of life consequences. Objective: To evaluate the extent to which the prevalence of distorted body image and unhealthy dieting tactics exist in adults in the US and how these are related. Methods: Data from NHANES 2000-20006 on adults aged 20-59 was used. Weight perception was assessed with the physical exam measurements of weight status and the weight history questionnaire item asking if the person considered him or herself to be underweight, normal weight or overweight. Weight loss techniques were assessed with the weight history questionnaire items asking what methods they used if they tried to lose weight. Respondents were classified as having a weight perception discord if their perception was greater than actual weight status, and as having a concord in all other cases. Results: The total sample was 6,022. 10% had a perception discord and 15% used unhealthy weight loss practices. After adjustment, a significant relationship between a perception discord and behaviors was not found--this held true for both men and women. Discussion and Conclusion: Our results were similar overall to past studies; our inability to find a relationship could have been hampered by stigma associated with the subject matter. There are clearly other factors related to the adoption of unhealthy weight loss behaviors, which need to be determined.

Author: Evan M. Forman
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0190232013
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 184

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Book Description
The obesity epidemic is one of the most serious public health threats confronting the nation and the world. The majority of overweight individuals want to lose weight, but the overall success of self-administered diets and commercial weight loss programs is very poor. Scientific findings suggest that the problem boils down to adherence. The dietary and physical activity recommendations that weight loss programs promote are effective; however, people have difficulty initiating and maintaining changes. Effective Weight Loss presents 25 detailed sessions of an empirically supported, cognitive-behavioral treatment package called Acceptance-Based Behavioral Treatment (ABT). The foundation of this approach is comprised of the nutritional, physical activity, and behavioral components of the most successful, gold-standard behavioral weight loss programs. These components are synthesized with acceptance, willingness, behavioral commitment, motivation, and relapse prevention strategies drawn from a range of therapies. ABT is based on the idea that specialized self-control skills are necessary for weight control, given our innate desire to consume delicious foods and to conserve energy by avoiding physical activity. These self-control skills revolve around a willingness to choose behaviors that may be perceived as uncomfortable, for the sake of a more valuable objective. The Clinician Guide is geared towards helping administer treatment, and the companion Workbook provides summaries of session content, exercises, worksheets, handouts, and assignments for patients and clients receiving the treatment. The books will appeal to psychologists, primary care physicians, nutritionists, dieticians, and other clinicians who counsel the overweight.

Author: Evan M. Forman
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 019023203X
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 256

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Book Description
The obesity epidemic is one of the most serious public health threats confronting the nation and the world. The majority of overweight individuals want to lose weight, but the overall success of self-administered diets and commercial weight loss programs is very poor. Scientific findings suggest that the problem boils down to adherence. The dietary and physical activity recommendations that weight loss programs promote are effective; however, people have difficulty initiating and maintaining changes. Effective Weight Loss presents 25 detailed sessions of an empirically supported, cognitive-behavioral treatment package called Acceptance-Based Behavioral Treatment (ABT). The foundation of this approach is comprised of the nutritional, physical activity, and behavioral components of the most successful, gold-standard behavioral weight loss programs. These components are synthesized with acceptance, willingness, behavioral commitment, motivation, and relapse prevention strategies drawn from a range of therapies. ABT is based on the idea that specialized self-control skills are necessary for weight control, given our innate desire to consume delicious foods and to conserve energy by avoiding physical activity. These self-control skills revolve around a willingness to choose behaviors that may be perceived as uncomfortable, for the sake of a more valuable objective. The Clinician Guide is geared towards helping administer treatment, and the companion Workbook provides summaries of session content, exercises, worksheets, handouts, and assignments for patients and clients receiving the treatment. The books will appeal to psychologists, primary care physicians, nutritionists, dieticians, and other clinicians who counsel the overweight.

Author: Kelly D. Brownell
Publisher: Guilford Press
ISBN: 9781593851996
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 320

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Book Description
Discrimination based on body shape and size remains commonplace in today's society. This important volume explores the nature, causes, and consequences of weight bias and presents a range of approaches to combat it. Leading psychologists, health professionals, attorneys, and advocates cover such critical topics as the barriers facing obese adults and children in health care, work, and school settings; how to conceptualize and measure weight-related stigmatization; theories on how stigma develops; the impact on self-esteem and health, quite apart from the physiological effects of obesity; and strategies for reducing prejudice and bringing about systemic change.

Author: Jean-Pierre Montmayeur
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1420067761
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 646

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Book Description
Presents the State-of-the-Art in Fat Taste TransductionA bite of cheese, a few potato chips, a delectable piece of bacon - a small taste of high-fat foods often draws you back for more. But why are fatty foods so appealing? Why do we crave them? Fat Detection: Taste, Texture, and Post Ingestive Effects covers the many factors responsible for the se